RU181065U1 - Two stage oil filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to engine building and is designed to work in the lubrication systems of internal combustion engines. The proposed design of a two-stage oil filter can be used in automotive, tractor internal combustion engines. The technical task is to improve the quality of cleaning engine oil by increasing the reliability of the oil filter, due to the exclusion of the possibility of occurrence in the lubrication system of the regime of "oil starvation" during engine operation, as well as the ingress of oil that has not been cleaned. The two-stage oil filter contains a base with a central threaded hole, connected by a roll-up to the body, holes for oil inlet are made in the base, an anti-drain valve is placed coaxially inside the body, a central tube with holes on which the main filter element, the bypass valve and the additional filter element are coaxially placed. In the housing between the main filter element and the additional filter element, a sealed partition is installed, in which two bypass valves and one drain valve are made, while the additional filter element has a lower dropout coefficient. 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to engine building and is designed to work in the lubrication systems of internal combustion engines. The proposed design of a two-stage oil filter can be used in automotive, tractor internal combustion engines.

The oil filter for passenger car engines is widely known (Glybin A.I. Autotractor filters / Handbook. Leningrad, Mechanical Engineering, 1980, p. 130, Fig. 81), consisting of a housing, a base with a threaded central hole, a filtering element with a clamping element spring, bypass and anti-drainage valves and rubber o-ring.

A disadvantage of the known filter is that it does not provide high-quality oil purification under certain engine operating conditions. For example, when starting the engine at low ambient temperatures and operating it with unheated engine oil. In this case, due to the increase in viscosity, the oil thickens, which leads to the difficult passage of oil through the filter element of the oil filter. As a result of this, less oil passes through the filter element than is required for the stable operation of the rubbing engine parts. To eliminate the possibility of "oil starvation", a bypass valve is used, which opens due to the fact that the oil located in the space between the filter housing and the filter element significantly increases pressure. In this case, the oil located in the space between the filter housing and the filter element, bypassing the filter element, directly through the bypass valve enters the engine lubrication system. With increasing temperature of the oil, which occurs due to the operation of the engine, its viscosity decreases and, due to this, it begins to more intensively pass through the filter element, as a result of its pressure inside the filter decreases. The bypass valve closes and then all the oil passes through the filter element.

The problem is that during the opening of the bypass valve, oil passes along the outer surface of the filter element, washing away particles of dirt and wear products that were previously accumulated as a result of engine operation and transfers them through the bypass valve directly to the engine lubrication system.

In addition, during the entire opening period of the bypass valve, the oil passing through it is not cleaned. As a result, the wear of the rubbing parts of the engine increases, which reduces its durability.

The indicated drawback of the filter is eliminated in the design of the oil filter (RF patent No. 2240426 “Oil filter”, IPC F01M 1/10, B01D 27/08, published: November 20, 2004), consisting of a base with a central protruding cylindrical part, with a central threaded hole and oil inlet openings, connected by an amplifier to the filter housing, in the cavity of which there is a bypass valve pressed by a spring to the housing, a filter element and an anti-drain valve located, like the bypass valve, above the base openings at the oil inlet and into the filter.

In the specified filter, when starting a cold engine at low temperatures, cold and therefore thicker oil enters the space between the housing and the filter element and passes through an opening bypass valve located under the filter element, which should reduce the duration of contact of the oil with abrasive particles and dirt located on the outer surface of the filter element. However, the design of such a filter does not exclude the possibility of filling the entire internal cavity of the filter with oil, which will lead to the fact that the oil, washing the outer surface of the filter element, can capture and transfer particles of dirt and abrasive material on it through the lower bypass valve directly to the engine lubrication system, in addition, even if it is possible to exclude filling the entire internal cavity of the filter with cold oil during the opening of the bypass valve, the oil will not pass through the filter element, which will increase the wear rate of the rubbing parts of the engine.

This drawback is eliminated in a two-stage oil filter (the design is presented in the article “Which oil filter is better to choose for a car” http://avtocity365.ru/ustrojstvo-i-ekspluatatsiya-avtomobilya/kakoj-maslyanyj-filtr-luchshe-vybrat-dlya-avtomobilya / (accessed date 10/09/2017), consisting of a base with a central threaded hole and openings for oil inlet, a housing, a central tube on which the filter element is installed, anti-drainage and bypass valves. In addition, it has an additional filter element through which passes all the oil coming in into the filter.

In such a filter, all the oil entering the filter passes through the first filter element. Therefore, in the case of starting a cold engine at low temperatures, when the pressure in the inner cavity of the filter increases, which leads to the opening of the bypass valve, the oil passing through the valve to the rubbing parts of the engine is subjected to preliminary cleaning.

The disadvantage of this design is the constant operation of the first filter element, which can lead to its clogging with particles of dirt and abrasive, and as a result, to the difficult passage of oil and the possibility of the regime of "oil starvation", even if the bypass valve is opened.

The closest known technical solution - the prototype - is an oil filter (RF patent 2323029 “Oil purification filter”, IPC B01D 27/08, F01M 1/10, published: 04/27/2008), consisting of a base with a central threaded hole and holes for oil inlet, anti-drain valve, housing, central tube, on which the main filter element, bypass valve and additional valve filter element are coaxially located.

In this filter, the oil from the engine pump through the openings of the cover, squeezing the anti-drain valve, enters the cavity between the inner wall of the housing and the outer surface of the main filter element and the additional filter element of the bypass valve. Passing through the main filter element and the central tube, the oil is cleaned, and through the central connecting hole, by which the filter is connected to the engine, enters its main oil line. In the case of starting a cold engine, the main filter element does not have time to pass the entire volume of oil entering the filter, and the bypass valve is activated, so that the oil that has passed through the additional filter element through the central tube enters the main oil line of the engine.

The disadvantage of this design is the constant operation of both the main filter element and the additional filter element (even if the bypass valve is closed). This will lead to a quick clogging of the additional filter element by dirt and abrasive particles, and, as a result of this, to the difficult passage of cold thick oil through it when starting the engine at low ambient temperature. As a result, an “oil starvation” mode may occur, even if the bypass valve is opened.

The technical task of this utility model is to improve the quality of engine oil cleaning by increasing the reliability of the oil filter, by eliminating the possibility of an oil starvation mode in the lubrication system when the engine is running, as well as oil that has not been cleaned.

The technical problem is achieved by the fact that the two-stage oil filter contains a base with a central threaded hole connected by a roll-up to the body, holes for oil inlet are made in the base, an anti-drain valve is placed coaxially inside the body, a central tube with holes on which the main filter element is coaxially placed, bypass valve and additional filter element. According to a utility model, a sealed partition is installed in the housing between the main filter element and the additional filter element, in which two bypass valves and one drain valve are made, while the additional filter element has a lower dropout coefficient.

The problem is achieved in that the internal volume of the oil filter having a primary and secondary filtering elements is divided into a primary and secondary cavity by a sealed partition in which two bypass valves and one drain valve are made. When the engine is running, oil enters the main cavity of the filter, closes the drain valve of the additional cavity, passes through the main filter element and enters the engine lubrication system.

In the case of starting a cold engine, the main filter element does not have time to pass the entire volume of oil entering the filter and the pressure in the main cavity of the filter rises. As a result, the bypass valves open, allowing access to the additional filter cavity. Oil passes through an additional filter element and enters the engine lubrication system.

With further operation of the engine, the oil warms up and the pressure in the main cavity of the filter decreases. As a result, the bypass valves are closed and the access of oil to the additional cavity is stopped. As a result, the possibility of clogging of the additional filter element is eliminated, thereby improving the quality of oil cleaning.

The arrangement and operation of the utility model is explained by the drawings, in which the construction of the oil filter is shown in section (general view) - FIG. 1, the operation of the oil filter when starting a cold engine at low ambient temperatures - FIG. 2, the operation of the oil engine with the engine warm - FIG. 3., in FIG. 4 - view AA.

The proposed oil filter (Fig. 1) consists of a base 1, with a central threaded hole 2, connected by a roll-up to the housing 3. At the base 1, holes 4 are made for oil to pass into the filter, over which a spring-loaded anti-drain valve is installed 5. Inside the filter housing 3 sealed partition 6, dividing its volume into the main 7 and an additional 8 cavity. In the partition 6, two bypass valves 9 and one drain valve 10 are installed (Fig. 4, view A-A). A main filter element 11 is installed in the main cavity of the filter housing 7, and an additional filter element 12 with a lower dropout coefficient is installed in the additional cavity 8. A spacer sleeve 13 is installed between the main filter element 11 and the partition 6, which prevents the coaxial movement of the main filter element 11. An additional filter element 12 is pressed by the spring 14. A central tube 15 with holes passes through the main and additional filter elements. O-ring 16 is used to seal the connection of the base 1 with the engine.

The proposed oil filter can operate in two modes. The first mode is when the engine is not warmed up and starts in winter conditions at low temperatures, and the second is when the engine and oil are warm.

In the first mode (Fig. 2), the oil supplied by the pump through the holes 4 in the base 1 enters the main cavity of the filter 7. Since the unheated oil has a high viscosity, it is thick, so it is difficult to pass through the main filter element 11, as a result of which it slows down stroke and creates a high pressure inside the main cavity of the filter 7. The pressure spreads in all directions, acts on the drain valve 10 and closes it. With a further increase in pressure and reaching its predetermined value, the bypass valves 9 open and the oil enters the additional cavity of the filter 8. Since the additional filter element 12 located there has a lower degree of screening, it creates less oil filtering resistance. As a result, the oil entering the additional filter cavity passes through an additional filter element, is cleaned, and through the openings in the central tube of the filter 15 and the central hole 2 in the base 1 is supplied to the engine oil line. At the same time, not a single particle of dirt in the oil enters the rubbing surfaces of the engine.

With further operation of the engine (Fig. 3), the oil entering the filter warms up, its viscosity decreases, and it becomes less thick. As a result of this, its passage through the main filter element 11 is facilitated, and the pressure inside the main cavity of the filter 7 is reduced. As soon as the oil pressure becomes less than the set value, the bypass valves 9 are closed, and the flow of oil into the additional cavity of the filter 8 is stopped. Subsequently, the oil is cleaned only with the main filter element 11, and through the corresponding holes in the central tube of the filter 15 and the central hole 2 in the base 1, it is supplied to the engine. In this case, the additional filter element 12 is not involved in the work and its pollution does not occur.

After the engine stops, the oil stops entering the filter, the pressure inside its main cavity 7 decreases, which leads to the opening of the drain valve 10 and the oil located in the additional cavity of the filter 8 flows into its main cavity.

If the engine starts at positive temperatures and normal viscosity of the oil, only the main cavity of the filter works, since the pressure arising in the main cavity is sufficient to close the drain valve 10, but it is not enough to open the bypass valves 9. Thus, the additional cavity of the filter 8 is isolated , therefore, the additional filter element 12 located therein does not work. Thus, its pollution is eliminated and a greater resource and increased reliability in the filter are achieved.

The set of features that characterize the new solution provide the ability to achieve a technical result: ensuring high-quality oil purification and reliability of the oil filter.

Claims (1)

A two-stage oil filter containing a base with a central threaded hole connected by a roll-up to the housing, holes for oil inlet are made at the base, an anti-drain valve is placed coaxially inside the housing, a central tube with holes on which the main filter element, a bypass valve and an additional filter element are coaxially placed characterized in that in the housing between the main filter element and the additional filter element a sealed partition is installed, in which enes two bypass valves and one drain, wherein the additional filter element has a lower drop-out rate.

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