RU1808417C - Device for seed cleaning - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used for cleaning seeds from impurities. The aim of the invention is to increase productivity and improve self-cleaning of the screening surface. For this, the device is mounted on a frame mounted on three pneumatic cylinders, and the screening surface is made in the form of successively connected spatial identical sections, each of which is formed by flat, geometric shapes and rotated relative to the previous one by an angle of 90 [deg.]; around the axis of the screening surface. 2 s.p. f-ly, 9 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for cleaning seeds from litter in stationary conditions.

An object of the invention is to increase productivity.

Fig. 1 shows a device for cleaning seeds; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; in Fig.Z - section bB in Fig.1; figure 4 is a section bb in figure 1; Fig. 5 is an axonometric projection of a screening surface from sections in the form of an isosceles prism; 6 is a diagram of the assembly of a screening surface from isosceles prisms; Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a screening surface of sections in the form of oblique parallelepipeds; Fig. 8 is a screening surface of sections in the form of oblique parallelepipeds, general view; Fig.9 is a section GG in Fig.8.

The seed cleaning device comprises a frame 1, on which the drive 2 is mounted, a discharge device for large litter 3, end cheeks 4 and 5, between which the screening surface 6 is rigidly fixed, the loading device 7. The loading device 7 is made in the form of a rigidly fixed in the shell 8, equipped with a cone 9, screw winding 10 with a length of 0.75 step pitch. The screening surface 6 is mounted rigidly between the cheeks 4 and 5 and is provided with a support ring 11, which is supported by two support rollers 12 and 13. The cheek 4 is connected rigidly by six rods 14 to the disk 15 of the drive shaft 2. The cheek 4 and the disk 15 are mounted to each other friend at a distance of 0.4 diameter of the cheek

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to remove large debris from the screening surface 6. The diameter of the rods is not more than 0.1 of the diameter of the cheek 4. The rods 14 are located on the axis of rotation at a distance equal to 0.45 of the diameter of the cheek 4. The support rollers 12 and 13 are mounted on the frame 1. Frame 1 suspended from three elastic elements 16, 17, 18. Two elastic elements 16 and 17 are mounted under the loading device 7, and the third elastic element 18 is mounted under the unloading device 3 and along the axis of symmetry of the frame 1. The elastic elements 16, 1.7, 18 are mounted on the frame 19. On a bed 19 under a screening surface On page 6, a receiving tray 20 for small litter, the cell sizes of which are smaller than the minimum seed size, a receiving tray 21 for seeds and a receiving tray 22 for large litter, which are larger than the size of the seeds, are mounted. The screening surface 6 consists of a frame 23 and 24, which are fixed to the frame 23 with quick-release clamps (not shown). The contours of the frame are shown in figure 1 by a double line. The sieves 24 in the form of separate flat figures, for example quadrangles and triangles, are fixed on the frame 23 around the perimeter, thus creating a screw sifting surface made in the form of successively connected spatial identical sections, each of which is formed by flat geometric figures and rotated relative to the previous one 90 ° angle around the axis of the screening surface. Each section is made in the form of an equal-sided prism A, B, C, etc. In this way, a screw screening surface is created, inside which the seeds move, the cross-sectional shape of this surface is an irregular quadrangle, not only the shape and dimensions of the sides of the quadrangle vary in length; but their location relative to the axis of rotation, which creates imbalance in the system and leads to the appearance of oscillations. The magnitude of the change in the angle m depends on the ratio of the masses of the installation and the masses of the feedstock, the shape of the screening surface 6, which can also be made from sections D made. in the form of oblique parallelepipeds. The oblique parallelepiped is mounted from two rectangles 25 and 26 and two parallelograms 27 and 28, connected in pairs with their lateral sides to each other, and sections Г are interconnected by the remaining free sides. Since in all of the listed varieties of sieving surfaces, 6 varies along the entire length from loading to unloading

only the shape and dimensions of the sides of the quadrangle - the cross-section of the perpendicular axis of rotation, but also their location relative to the axis of rotation, which creates an imbalance when the screening surface rotates, then along with a complex movement in the polyhedral screening surface of 6 seeds, their movement along complex paths for variety

With 0 forms of screens and their relative position relative to each other and to the axis of rotation, the seed flows are subject to oscillatory motion in three mutually perpendicular directions created by the unbalanced load (seed mass) in a rotating asymmetric sieving surface 6 and in the entire cleaning unit seeds secured with elastic elements to the frame 1. Screen 24 for separating fine litter is set at the beginning of the screening surface 6 along the length Li, and the cells of these screens are smaller than the minimum seed size. Sieve 24 is installed along the length L.2 of the screening surface 6

5 with cell sizes equal to seed size. Thus, there are three zones in the seed purifier: zone U for separating fine litter. - for the withdrawal of purified seeds, La-for the withdrawal of large

0 litter. The device is equipped with a casing (not shown). . .- ..

The device operates as follows. .

Seeds with debris enter the loading device 7, in which, using screw winding 10, they are fed to the inlet of the screening surface 6, which has the shape of an irregular quadrangle located axisymmetrically to the axis

0 rotation, therefore, the turn 10 leads the seeds into the asymmetric cavity of the screening surface 6. If there is no screw winding 10 in the loading device, the seeds are returned to the receiving

5 fixture. The presence of winding 10 prevents this return of seed flows and ensures the uninterrupted supply of seeds into the cavity of the screening surface 6. From the loading device 7, the seeds are fed inside the screening surface 6, where under the influence of powerful mutually directed flows of seeds that arise as a result of the circumference the mesh surface are flat sieves 24,

5 are multidirectional not only to each other, but also to the axis of rotation, fine litter is separated and output to the receiving tray 20. Subsequently, after the flow of seeds from the LI zone to the L.2 zone, the seeds are removed beyond the screening surface 6 in the receiving tray 21. Coarse litter is discharged through the discharge device 3 into the receiving tray 22.

The technical and economic advantages of the invention arise from an increase in productivity as a result of an increase in miscibility, the application of low-frequency vibrations to the complex motions of the seeds inside the screening surface.

Claims (3)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A device for cleaning seeds containing a screening surface mounted by means of elastic elements, loading and unloading devices 5 and a drive, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity, the screening surface is made in the form of successively connected spatial identical sections, each of which is formed by flat hermetic figures and rotated relative to the previous one by an angle of 90 ° about the axis of the screening surface. 2. The device according to claim 1, with the exception that each section is made in the form of an equal-sided prism. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein each section is made in the form of an oblique parallelepiped. - AA 7 Thebes. 8