RU1804943C - Automatic hot die forging press - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the manufacture of hot stamping blanks, mainly axes, on automated equipment. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: an automated press includes means for feeding piece blanks, a cutter blanks with a reject assembly, a mechanism for transferring blanks from the cutter to the press, a mechanism for loading piece blanks into the stamping tool of the press, moving semi-finished products along the stamping and unloading forgings from the press in the form of a walking beams. In addition, the press is equipped with a billet rammer in the lodgement of the workpiece transfer mechanism from the cutter to the press, with a support beam for locating the axes of the swing arms of the walking beam. The blank cutter is made in the form of vertical shafts mounted on the means of supplying the press to the press with profile cams, the rammer of blanks is in the form of a lever rotatable in the vertical plane with a stop cam at the end. Some of the grips mounted on the walking beam are made non-rotatable around their longitudinal axes, and the other part is rotatable from individual drives. The rotation drives of all grippers and the drives of their clamping elements are made in the form of power cylinders connected to a source of working fluid supply, made in the form of mounted on a press cylinder and a hydraulic compensator. The cylinder rod is kinematically connected to the cam drive of the walking beam, and its piston cavity is hydraulically connected through a hydraulic compensator to the pipelines of the gripper cylinders. The support beam can be made rotatable with respect to the vertical axis at one end, and a screw lock of the working position of the beam on the press is mounted on its other end. 2 s.p. f-ly, 12 ill. SB co w

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to automated presses for hot volumetric stamping of workpieces, mainly axes.

 The aim of the invention is to improve product quality and reliability of the press.

Figure 1 shows the press, a General view; figure 2 is the same plan; in Fig.3 is a view along arrow A in Fig.2; figure 4 is a section bB in Fig.Z; 5 is a view along arrow B in FIG. 1; figure 6 is a section of the GT in figure 1 (rotated); in Fig.7 - section DD in Fig.1 (rotated); Fig.8 is a section. EE in Fig.1; figure 9 is a section FJ in figure 2; in FIG. 10-section 3-3 in Fig.9; on the

11 is a section II in figure 1; in Fig.12 is a sequence diagram of the operation of the press.

An automated press for stamping ax billets from initial billets coming from the heating unit 1 via conveyor 2 includes a cutter made in the form of two rotary profile cams 3, 4 located on sequentially placed shafts 5, b, connected by links 7, 8, connecting rods 9 with each other and with a drive in the form of a power cylinder 10 (see figure 5). A photopyrometer 11 is mounted to the side of the cutter on the conveyor housing 2 (see FIG. 2).

. Further along the supply of heated billets, a mechanism for transferring billets from the cutter to the press die space is installed, made in the form of a support platform located perpendicular to the billet feed axis and rotatable around the vertical axis of the console 12 with a cradle 13 located on the shaft 14 in the conveyor body 2, near which a photopyrometer 15 is placed with a tip on a heated billet located in a cradle 13 of the console, turned to the position of receiving the billet from heater 1, on the same conveyor housing 2 with Cronies from the feed axis of the workpieces, opposite the cutter, mounted rammer workpieces in the cradle 13 of the rotary console 12, consisting of a rotary in the vertical plane passing through the feed axis of the workpieces, the lever 16 (see Fig. 3, 4), pivotally connected by one the end with a stop cam 17, and the other end rigidly mounted on the axis 18, the lever 19, rigidly mounted at one end on the opposite end of the same axis 18, and the other end pivotally connected to the actuating cylinder 20 of the axis 18.

The working surface of the stop cam 17 is located at the level of the feed axis of the workpieces, and its articulation with the lever 16 allows the cam to move integrally with the end of the lever 16 in the feed direction of the workpiece and rotate relative to it while moving the end of the lever in the opposite direction so that the working the surface of the thrust cam 17 slid along the side surface of the next workpiece.

In the area of placement of the rotary console 12 there is a site for rejecting heated billets with a discharge tray 21 and an additional conveyor 22 (see figure 2), the axis of which is located at an angle to the axis

feeding the blanks into the press. A stamp is mounted on the press, the lower plate 23 of which is mounted on the bed 24 of the press, and the upper plate 25 is mounted on the slider 26 of the press (see

figure 1). The stamp contains tool inserts 27,28,29,30,31 (see FIG. 2) with handles, respectively, for marking the hole for the ax butt, punching this hole, distributing it, for crimping the butt, as well as for

On the acceleration of the blade of the ax. In addition, the press has mechanisms for the automated loading of the workpiece into the dies, the movement of semi-finished products along the stamping positions (grips of tool inserts), and

5 unloading of forgings from the press.

This combination of mechanisms is made in the form of a walking beam 32 (see figure 1), bearing grips as to manipulate the original workpiece when moving on

0 the first stamping position, and intermediate semi-finished products when moving from one stamping position to another, as well as unloading forgings from the press. In connection with the technological sequence of stamping operations carried out on the press, a number of grips indicated by 33, 34, 35 (see FIG. 2) are made not rotatable around their longitudinal axes, and the other part 36, 37, 38 rotated from

0 drive. The walking beam 32 has the ability to perform plane-parallel movement vertically and horizontally from the respective actuators by means of a lever system comprising two rotary angular rotary levers 41, 42 (see FIG. 1) on the support axes 39, 40, one ends of which are pivotally connected by means of vertical links 43, 44 with walking beam 32, and the other ends are also pivotally

0 are interconnected by a horizontal link 45.

Drives of vertical and horizontal movements of a walking beam are made in the form of placed in general

5 of the housing 46, rigidly mounted on the press frame 24, of a stepped shaft 47 (see Fig. 11) with two-profile cams 48 and 49, rigidly connected to a gear motor 50 mounted on the housing 46, two rotary axes parallel to the housing 46 51, 52, on which angular levers 53, 54 are rigidly mounted, on the ends of the shoulders of which rollers 55 are mounted, interacting with the corresponding cam profiles 48 and 49. On the outwardly protruding housing 46 of the axles 51 and 52, the rocker arms 56 and 57 are rigidly mounted .

The rocker arm 56 is pivotally connected via a link 58 (see FIG. 1) with a horizontal link -15 in the place of its articulation with an angular pivot arm 42. The rocker arm 57 of the chain 59 is connected to a hinge connecting the closest to the arm 57 vertical link 44 with walking beam 32.

The supporting axes 39, 40 are mounted on the supporting beam 60. mounted on the frame 24 of the press. It can be mounted on the bed at one end pivotally with the possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane on a vertically located axis

61. 24 presses rigidly mounted on the frame. The opposite end of the support beam 60 in this case is connected to the press frame by means of a screw lock

62. providing a rigid connection of the support beam 60 with the press in its working position.

Each of the rotary grippers 33-35 is made in the form of a pair of clamping jaws 63 (see, Fig. 6) connected by a common axis 64. The drive to reduce and separate the clamping jaws 63 is made in the form of a piston power cylinder, the housing 65 of which is rigidly mounted on the upper plane a walking beam, and the rod 66 is pivotally connected via an axis 67 to a pair of levers 68 pivotally connected to the corresponding clamping jaws 63.

The piston cavities of the casings of the 65 power cylinders are connected by pipelines to a source of supply of energy carrier (working fluid), and their rod cavities are constantly filled with compressed air.

Each of the rotary grippers has a similar construction of the clamping jaws described above, the drive of their reduction and dilution, including a piston with a rod of the power cylinder and supplying energy carrier and compressed air to it. However, the housing 69 (see Fig. 7) of this cylinder is rotatable on bearings mounted in a cage 70 rigidly mounted on the walking beam. In addition to the bearings, on the outer surface of the power cylinder housing 69, the gear teeth of the gripper rotation drive 71 are rigidly mounted around their longitudinal axes. Each rotation drive is made in the form of a support 72 fixed to the support beam 60 of the support 72 (see Fig. 8), a backstage 73 with a roller 74 interacting with the side walls 75 of a copy groove made in the support 72, the rotation axis 76 of which is mounted on bearings mounted in a walking beam 32. A gear 77 is rigidly mounted on the axis 76 and is connected to said gear 71 on a rotary gripper cylinder.

The optimality of the rotary gripper system is ensured by that. that the angles / rotation of the wings relative to the vertical planes drawn through the centers of rotation of their rollers should be the same at the extreme positions of the walking beam, and the sum of these angles for each capture should be equal to the central rotation angle of this capture around its longitudinal axis, divided the gear ratio of the gear drive of the rotation drive. Moreover, the height of the supports 72 with a copy groove should be greater than the height of the lifting grippers.

5 The force cylinders of the clamping drives of all grippers, as already indicated, are connected via pipelines (not fully shown) to a source of working fluid supply. It is a power

0 is a cylinder, the housing 78 of which is rigidly mounted on a common housing 46 (see Fig. 9) of walking beam movement drives. The piston 79 (see Fig. 10) of this cylinder is spring-loaded relative to the housing 78, and the rod

5 80 through a roller 81 is kinematically connected with a pivot arm 82, the pivot axis of which is mounted in said housing 46. A roller 83 is mounted at the end of the arm 82, which directly interacts with

0 by the profile surface of the cam 84, which is rigidly mounted on a stepped shaft 47. (see Fig. 11) of a walking beam moving drive.

The source of the working fluid supply is hydraulically connected through the hydraulic compensator 85 (see Fig. 9) via pipelines with power cylinders of the gripping clamp drives.

Automated press works

0 when stamping blanks of axes as follows.

In the initial position, before serving in the automated press of the initial billet, the profile cam 4 is rotated so

5 which overlaps the feed axis of the workpiece, and the profile cam 3, on the contrary, does not prevent its feed. The thrust cam 17 for extending the workpieces into the lodgement of the swivel arm is vertically located under the action of its own weight. The pivoting console 12 with a tool tray 13 is located in the receiving zone of the initial blank at the conveyor 2 for feeding the blanks. The walking beam 32 is in the lowered extreme right position. The rod cavities of the housings 65, 69 of the power cylinders of the clamping jaw drives of the grippers 33-38 are connected to a compressed air supply (not shown), the working fluid from the piston cavities of these power cylinders is displaced into the piston diarrhea, um. nx is located in the extreme polo (Ml and I.

Nlgrete in the heating installation 1 to a predetermined temperature, the rectangular cross-section blank in horizontal position is fed to the continuously rotating chain of conveyor 2 and, moving together with the chain, rests with the front end against the cam 4 of the cutter, near which a photopyrometer 11 is placed, which outputs to the programmed control system ( SPU) press (not shown) signal the presence of the workpiece. If the pivot console 12 is in the initial position, the master cylinder 10 is turned on by turning the cam 4 to pass the workpiece and simultaneously turning the cam 3, overlapping the feed path of the next workpiece. Thus, only one workpiece can be moved along the conveyor 2 to the pivot console 12. If at the moment of turning, in the open position of cam 4, there were two workpieces on the conveyor, the second workpiece will be pressed by cam 3 to the side guide of conveyor 2.

If the pivot console 12 at the time the workpiece arrived at the cam 4 was not in its original position (in the area of the stock press tool), the photopyrometer 11 gives a signal to turn on the device (not shown) for counting the time the workpiece was on the cam 4. When this time reaches the value , at which the workpiece cools down to a temperature that is unacceptable for stamping, the cam 4 rotates, skipping the workpiece, which moves further along the conveyor 2, falls on the tray 21, then on the additional conveyor 22 and is dumped into that or into the receiving hopper of the heating unit 1 for reheating.

When moving the workpiece from the cam 4 to the pivot console 12, it acts on the stop cam 17 with a front end and rotates it relative to the lever 16. As a result, the workpiece moves freely by the conveyor 2 to the pivot console 12. As soon as the side surface of the workpiece contacts the pivot cam 17 stops, under its own weight, the cam 17 returns to its original vertical position.

A second photopyrometer 15 is placed in the area of the rotary console 12, which gives a signal to turn on the power cylinder 20, which rotates the associated lever 19, axis 18, lever 1J5, and attachments. ny cam 17, not having ° the ability to rotate relative to the lever 16 in the direction opposite to the movement of the workpiece. In the process of turning the cam 17, he comes into contact with the workpiece and moves

it all the way to the support platform of the lodgement 13 of the rotary console 12. At the end of the movement of the stop cam 17 of the SPU, a command is issued to return it and its original position and to turn on the drive (not shown)

pivot console 12. In this case, the workpiece moves into the area of the stamping tool of the press by turning it 90 ° in the horizontal plane.

At the end of the turn, the motor-drive 50 of the walking beam moving drive is turned on and, starting from this moment, the stepped shaft 47 is continuously rotated and the elements of the workpiece loading mechanism are continuously operating

into the stamping tool of the press, moving the semi-finished products in terms of stamping and unloading the forgings from the press in accordance with the cycle diagram (see Fig. 12). According to it, the two-profile cam 49 rotates the angular lever 54, the axis 52 and the rocker lever 57. The latter moves the walking beam 32 to the left by means of the rod 59 (see Fig. 1). During this movement, the walking beam 32 is slightly raised and lowered due to the rotation of the vertical links 43, 44 in their articulated joints with the beam and the angular pivoting arms 41 and 42.

When moving the walking beam

32 to the left, the wings 73, the ends of which, through the rollers 74, interact with the side walls 75 of the copy grooves of the supports 72, rotate the axles 76 with gears 77. In this case, the gears 71 and, consequently, the housings 69 of the power cylinders of the rotary grips 36- are rotated 38.

After moving the walking beam 32 from right to left, the cam 84 on the stepped shaft 47 acts on the roller 83 of the lever 82, turning it and thereby raising the rod 80 of the power cylinder 78. The piston 79 compresses the spring and expels the working fluid from the piston cavity the power cylinder 78 into the piston cavities of the housings 65, 69 of the power cylinders of the drive clamping jaws 63 fixed and rotary grippers. The excess fluid volume then flows into the hydraulic compensator 85. When the pistons of the power cylinders 65 and 69 are moved by means of the rods 66 and the levers 68 connected by hinges 67, the clamping jaws 63 are rotated to the clamping position.

Air from the i-current cavities of these cylinders is forced into a receiver (not shown) of the compressed air system, allowing the clamping jaws 63 to capture on both sides the end of the original workpiece protruding from the cradle 13 of the rotary console 12. At the end of the workpiece clamping under the influence of the cam working profile 48, placed on the stepped shaft 47, the angular lever 53, the axis 51 connected to it, is rotated, and the rocker lever 56 rigidly mounted on the end of this axis 56. Pivotally connected to the last rod 58 moves the horizontal the real link 45, which rotates on the support axles 39, 40 angular pivoting levers 41, 42 pivotally connected to the link 45. The latter compress the walking beam 32 by means of vertical parallel rods 43, 44 pivotally connected to both the beam and the levers together with the grippers 33-38, wherein the first starting piece is located in the clamping jaws 63 of the rotary gripper 36.

Since the backstage 73 lifts along with the walking beam 3: 2, and the rollers 74 located at their ends run around the walls of the copy grooves of the supports 72, the gears 77.71, and therefore the bodies 69 of the gripper cylinder 36-38, do not rotate. After lifting the beam 32, it follows its movement from left to right as a result of the rotation of the cam 49, the angular lever 54 interacting with it, the axis 52 and the rocker lever 57, which by means of a pivotally coupled to it and the beam of the rod 59 and moves the walking beam 32 in the indicated direction.

In the process of this movement: a slight rise and lowering of the beam occurs in the same way as noted above. When describing the movement of the beam 32 from right to left. Also, similar to that described, when moving the walking beam from left to right, the grab 36-38 is rotated, as a result of which the original workpiece located in the rotary grab 36 rotates 90 ° about its longitudinal axis.

Simultaneously with the beginning of the movement of the beam 32, the drive of the rotary console 12 is turned on to return it from the zone of the press space of the press to its original position. After the rotary cantilever returns, if there is a signal that the heated workpiece is located at the rotary cam 4, the cutter rotates, skipping the workpiece, which moves the conveyor 2 into the bed 13 of the rotary console 12. The stop cam 17 extends the workpiece until it stops against the end of the butt pad 13. and then returns to its original position. The drive of the rotary console 12 is turned on and the second initial workpiece is transferred to the press zone of the press with its simultaneous rotation in the horizontal plane by 90 °. By this time, in accordance with the profile of the working surface of the cam 48, located on the stepped shaft 47, the angle lever 53, the axis 59, and the rocker lever 56 are rotated. The latter is connected via the link 58 and pivotally connecting the ends of the steering rotary levers 41, 42

5 of the horizontal link 45 lowers the walking beam 32 behind the vertical links 43, 44 pivotally connected to it, also pivotally connected to the ends of the angular levers 41, 42 facing them. Together with the beam

0, the grippers 33-38 located on it are lowered, as a result of which the first initial workpiece, in the position on the rib, is placed in the insert 27 of the press tool.

5 After lowering the walking beam 32 to the lower position, the cam 84 on the stepped shaft 47 acts on the roller of the lever 82 pivoting in the housing 46, lowering it down (see Figs. 9 and 10). The piston 79, springy relative to the housing 78 of the power cylinder, is also lowered, as a result of which its piston cavity is filled with a working fluid displaced from the piston cavities of the power housings 65, 69

5 cylinder clamp clamp drives 33-38 under the constant pressure of compressed air in the rod cavities of these power cylinders. In this case, the rods 66 of the power cylinders of the grippers 33-38 are displaced, causing the clamping jaws 63 to open and a command to make the press move.

While the press is making the working stroke, the operation of marking the opening of the ax of the ax is performed, and at the same time, the next cycle of moving the walking beam 32 to the left and the operation of all the press mechanisms in the above sequence begin. During this cycle, grips 36 and 37 are loaded. The grip 37 is laid by turning through a 180 ° semi-finished product after stamping in the insert 27 of the first initial workpiece into the die insert 28 for punching the ax butt hole. 5, grab 36, while moving from the lodgement 13 of the rotary console 12, moves the second initial workpiece with a 90 ° rotation to the die insert 27. Thus, during the second working stroke of the slider of the press, two technological operations are performed simultaneously, and during the third of the cycle of movement of the walking beam 32, the grippers 33, 36, 37 are loaded. In this case, the gripper 33 stacks: without turning the semi-finished product from stamping the first workpiece into the die insert 29 of the distribution of the punched hole of the ax of the ax, the gripper 37 stacks 180 mm from the stamping of the second workpiece in the brook of insert 28 with a rotation of 180 °, and the gripper 36 lays the third initial workpiece in insertion stream 27. Therefore, during the third working stroke of the press slider, three operations of obtaining an ax blank are performed simultaneously

. During the fourth cycle of movement of the beam 32, the grippers 33.36.37 and 38 are loaded. In this case, the gripper 38 places the finished product 90 ° from the stamping of the first original workpiece into the stream of the tool die insert 30 for crimping the ax butt, the gripper 33 is laid without turning the semifinished product from stamping the second initial billet in the insert stream 29, the grab 37 stacks 180 ° to rotate the semifinished product from the stamping of the second initial billet in the insert stream 28, and the grab 36 moves the fourth initial billet to the insert stream 27. As a result During the fourth stroke of the press slider, four technological operations are performed simultaneously.

During the fifth cycle of movement of the walking beam 32, five grippers are loaded, namely, 33, 34, 36, 37 and 38. The gripper 34 stacks without turning the semi-finished products from stamping the first initial workpiece in the insert insertion 31 to perform the last of the technological operations - acceleration canvases of an ax. Gripper 38 stacks the semi-finished product from punching the second initial billet in the insert stream 30 with a rotation of 90 °, grip 33 moves the semi-finished product from punching the third initial billet into the creek of insert 29 without rotation, the grip 37 stacks the semi-finished product from punching of the fourth initial billet in the insertion stream 28, and the gripper 36 moves from the lodgement 13 of the rotary console 12 to the insertion stream 27 the fifth initial workpiece with its rotation by 90 °. As a result, during the fifth working stroke of the press, stamping is carried out in all five streams of the stamping tool. The sixth cycle of movement of the walking beam 32 is carried out in the sequence described in the previous paragraph, with the only difference being that the expanded jaws of the non-rotating grip 35 at the leftmost position of the walking beam 32 are brought to the stamped forging located in the insert insert 31, and after clamping the forging is transferred when moving the beam 32 to the right on the receiving table (not shown).

To carry out work related to the maintenance of mechanisms mounted on a walking beam, and in order to more freely access the stamped area of the press, disconnect the bars 58 and 59 from

0 of the hinges of the vertical link 94 and the angular pivot arm 42 closest to them, the hinged connection of the upper end of the vertical link 93 with the walking beam 32 is disengaged, the parts are disconnected

5 of the retainer 62 of the support beam 60, and then the last press frame 24 is rotated perpendicularly.

Technical advantages of an automated press according to the invention,

0 in addition to the above, it also consists in the fact that the structural design of the cutter blanks allows you to use it as a drive for heated blanks, while excluding the feed

5 cooled billets into the stamping tool of the press, and a rammer of the billets ensures the stability of the position of the billet in the first molding stream of the press during its automatic operation.

Claims (3)

1. An automated press for volumetric hot stamping of workpieces, mainly axes, containing means for supplying piece blanks to the press installed in the technological sequence, a blank cutter with a reject assembly, a mechanism for transferring blanks from the cutter to the press in the form of a console rotatable around the vertical axis, 0 bearing on its own: the end of the blank for the workpiece, the mechanism for loading the workpiece into the stamping tool mounted on the press to move the semi-finished products along the positions of stamping and unloading forgings 5 from the press, made in the form of a walking beam mounted in the press with the possibility of carrying out plane-parallel movement vertically and horizontally kinematically connected by means of a system of rotary levers with a cam drive and bearing drive grips in the number of stamping positions, characterized in that, in order to increase product quality and reliability 5, it is equipped with a reloader of blanks in the cradle of the rotary console, made with a support platform located perpendicular to the feed axis in the position of the console for receiving the workpiece from the cutter, a support beam with placed on it axes of the angular pivoting levers of the walking beam, the blank cutter is made in the form of shafts arranged vertically on the means of supplying piece blanks to the press of the shafts with profile cams rigidly mounted on them, rotatable from the drive relative to their longitudinal axes, rigidly connected to the shafts links pivotally connected to each other by means of a connecting rod, and one of which is associated with the specified drive, the reloading of the workpieces is made in the form of a swivel from in the vertical plane passing through the feed axis of the lever with a stop cam at the end, the working surface of which is located at the level of the feed axis, and the cam itself is connected to the lever by means of a hinge with the possibility of joint reversal with the lever in the feed direction and free rotation relative to the lever in the plane of rotation of the latter during its reverse movement, the gripper drives are made in the form of power cylinders, part of the grippers mounted on the walking beam are not rotated around their longitudinal axes, but Rugas part - rotating the individual actuators, each of which is formed as a rigidly mounted on the support beam supports with a guiding groove, the wings, the axis of rotation which is mounted on a walking beam and kinematically linked through a gear train to the housing of the actuator drive zazhi- ma grips, a roller on the free end of the wings, mounted to interact with the walls of the copy groove of the corresponding support when moving the walking beam, while the clamp drives of all grippers are made in the form of power cylinders connected through pipelines to a power supply source, mounted in the form of mounted on to the press of the power cylinder and hydraulic compensator, the cylinder rod is kinematically connected to the cam drive of the walking beam, and its piston cavity is hydraulically connected through a guide okompensator with pipelines cylinders grippers. 2. Press pop. 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the convenience of operation, the support beam is mounted on the press at one end with the possibility of rotation around a vertical axis, and a screw lock of its working position on the press is mounted on the other end of the support beam. 3. Press on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that the angles of rotation of the wings relative to the vertical plane drawn through the centers of rotation of their rollers are equal to each other, while the sum of these angles is equal to the Central angle of rotation of the corresponding grip, divided by the gear ratio of the gear transmission, and the height of the supports with a copy the groove exceeds the height of the lifting grips. View UZDy I..1.DTs X f F Thebes. YU Gripper Transfer and Rotation Ј Ј sa Zam im Returned - Reve Fie. 72 I § Q