RU1804477C - Extractor for plant material - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the wine and food industries when extracting nutrients from plant materials. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: An extractor comprises a housing divided by vertical partitions with overflow windows into sections / receiving and unloading devices. In each section, a conveying-mixing and lifting blades, reloading buckets, a conveying and pressing auger located in a perforated casing, and a juice collector are mounted. The mixing blades are made in the form of a trapezoid, the larger side of which is located at the inner surface of the housing. Reloading buckets are mounted pivotally on the horizontal axis, the transporting and pressing auger is made of two-start. Overflow windows are located below the perforated casing. The length of the screw is 2 / 3-3 / 4 of the length of the perforated casing. 3 s.p. f-ly. 3 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to devices for continuous countercurrent extraction of nutrients from plant materials, and can be used in the wine, food and other industries.

The aim of the invention is to intensify the extraction process, improve quality and reduce metal consumption.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows an extractor; in FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a view B in FIG. 1.

The extractor for vegetable raw materials contains a cylindrical body "1, divided into several sections (for example, three) 2, 3, 4 with vertical partitions 5. A shaft 6. Along the body passes a shaft 6. on which are transporting-mixing blades 7. reloading buckets 8

and transporting and pressing twin-thread augers 9,

Each of sections 2, 3, 4 is divided by a continuous partition 10 into an extraction chamber (I) and a pressing chamber (II). In the extraction chamber () of each section 2, 3, 4, mixing blades 7 are located, located along a helical line along the shaft 6 and 120 ° offset from each other; reloading buckets 8 connected to the shaft 6 by means of brackets 11 and mounted pivotally on the horizontal axis 12, as well as the receiving part of the two-way screw 9.

The mixing blades 7 are made in the form of a trapezoid, the larger side of which is located at the inner surface of the housing 1, and with an adjustable angle of inclination, depending on the extracted raw material. t

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The reloading buckets 8 are formed by end walls and a side wall representing a cylindrical surface, the radius of curvature of which increases in the direction of unloading of the raw materials, and are rotatable with a rotation sector angle of 60 °.

In the pressing chamber (II) of each section 2, 3, 4 there is a perforated casing 13, a shutter 14 and a two-way screw 9 installed inside the perforated casing 13 from the receiving side. Depending on the extracted raw material, the length of the screw 9 is 2 / 3-3 / 4 of the total length of the perforated casing 13. In the lower part of the pressing chamber, a juice collecting tray is formed, which is connected to the extraction chamber by a transfer window 15, made in the vertical partition 5 under the perforated casing 13 and provided with a removable perforated plate 16 swarm subsequent section. A brush (scraper) 17 is installed to clean the perforated lining. At the end of the perforated casing 13, there is a humidity regulator 18 on the vertical partition 5.

.In each section 2, 3, 4, steam shirts 19 are made, connected by a steam collector. The first section 2 of the extractor is connected via a feed screw 20 to a receiving hopper 21 for loading raw materials, for example grape marc, and the last section 4 to an unloading device 22 providing unloading of recycled squeeze. The drive 23, in particular the electric drive, provides rotation of the shaft 6 with the working bodies mounted on it.

The extraction process using the device is carried out as follows.

Before starting, the extraction chambers (I) are filled at 1/3 of the height with hot water (60-70 ° C). The feedstock, for example grape squeeze, from the hopper 21 through the screw 20 and the extractant (hot water) through the collector in a ratio of 1: 1 is fed into the extraction chamber (1) of the first section 2. Here, by means of the blades 7, the squeeze is thoroughly mixed with the extractant and simultaneously moves to the transfer buckets 8. The transfer buckets 8 capture the pre-washed squeeze and reload it into the receiving part of the pressing chamber (II). The similarity of the solid phase depending on the type of plant material is controlled by turning the buckets 8 around axis 12 by a certain angle.

In the pressing chamber (II), by means of a two-way screw 9, the squeeze is pressed, its solid phase is moved by the screw .9 into the extraction chamber of the next section and the cycle is repeated.

The liquid phase flows through the perforation in the casing 13 into the sump (juice collector) of the chamber (II) and is piped to the beginning of the extraction chamber of the previous section. The excess liquid phase from the extraction chamber through the perforated transfer window 15 flows countercurrently to the sump of the previous section, thus providing counterflow not only when passing from section to section through bypass pipes, but also to my extraction chamber ..

The design features of the transporting-mixing blades 7 provide a complete supply of the solid phase along the extractor, good hydrodynamic conditions, improve mass transfer and facilitate cleaning of the extraction chamber at the end of the work shift. The design of reloading buckets 8 allows their complete unloading when working with different types of raw materials.

The two-start conveyor-pressing screw allows reducing the transportation and pressing time of the squeeze in the chamber, and the length ratio (depending on the type of raw material) within 2 / 3-3 / 4 of the total length of the perforated casing 13 ensures an optimal degree of squeezing (6 -10% suspension in diffusion juice).

The plant raw material extractor is universal, simple in design, and has low metal and energy intensity. It allows to reduce the extraction time in comparison with known devices and to provide high quality diffusion juice.

Formula a is also invented 1. An extractor for vegetable raw materials, comprising a casing separated by vertical partitions with transfer windows into sections, each of which is equipped with conveying-mixing blades, transfer buckets, conveying-presso worm auger placed in a perforated casing, and juice collector, receiving and unloading device, characterized in that, in order to intensify the extraction process, improve quality and reduce metal consumption, the mixing blades are made in the form of a trapezoid , the larger side of which is located on the inner surface of the casing, overload buckets are pivotally mounted on a horizontal axis, the transporting and pressing auger is made two-way, and the transfer windows are located below the perforated casing, while the length of the screw is 2 / 3-3 / 4 of the length of the perforated casing.

2. The extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer buckets are formed by end walls and side walls

Coy. which is a cylindrical surface whose radius of curvature increases in the direction of unloading of the feed.

3. The extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of rotation of the loading buckets is 60 °.

4. Extractor pop. 1.different from the fact that removable perforated plates are installed on the transfer windows.