RU1804365C - Gear wheel generating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: metal forming, in particular the manufacture of machine parts, such as gears. The gear for rolling in gears comprises a base, three mounted on the base with the possibility of rotation around their axles of the uniform-modular tool wheels, at least one of which is mounted with the possibility of connection with the drive. According to the invention, one of the gears of the tool wheels is mounted in the slider in such a way that the middle perpendicular p of the cut located perpendicular to the axles of each of the other two gear wheels of the tools located in the plane of the tool wheel placement passes through its axis. The slider is mounted in the support with the possibility of movement in a direction parallel to the middle perpendicular, and is connected to the power generating unit in the direction of the possible movement of the slider. The two other gears of the tool are located in the support at a distance between their axes equal to 2 (R + g) sin20 ° -2 (R + g) sin45 °, where g is the radius of the gear of the tool; R is the radius of the machined wheel. The device includes limiters for vertical and horizontal movement of the wheels being machined. 5 ill. ate

Description

The invention relates to the field of manufacturing machine parts, in particular gears, and can be used in machine and machine tools for the final processing of gears.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality and performance of the running-in due to the possibility of running-in simultaneously three gear wheels-blanks of radius R.

The goal is achieved in that in the device for running gears containing a support, three mounted on the support with the possibility of rotation around their axes uniformly gear gears-tools, at least one of which is mounted with the possibility of connection with the drive, according to the invention one of the gears -tools installed

in the slider in such a way that the middle perpendicular to the segment located perpendicular to the axes of each of the other two gear wheels of the tools located in the plane of placement of the tool wheels, passes through its axis, and the slider is mounted in the support with the ability to move in a direction parallel to the middle perpendicular ru and connected to the power unit to create force in the direction of possible movement of the slide, and two other gear wheels-tools are located in the support at a distance between their axes equal to 2 (R + g) sin20 ° -2 (R + g) si45 °, where g is the radius of the gear-tool.

In a preferred embodiment of the device as a unit for generating force in the direction of possible

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moving the slider, it comprises a pneumatic cylinder mounted on a support.

As will be shown below, the above (for a general embodiment of the device) features are necessary and sufficient to achieve the object of the invention. In the process of work, the necessary power closure of all gear wheels is ensured, excluding the loss of the workpiece wheels from the system under normal conditions of its operation,

At the same time, in the process of processing, between the teeth of the tool wheels and the workpieces, a piece of metal, scale, etc. may appear, which will lead to the removal of the workpieces from engagement, their flight out of the device, and injury to maintenance personnel.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the device (to obtain an additional positive effect of increasing the safety of the device), the device comprises brackets for the possible vertical movement of the gear being machined, which are connected to the support with the possibility of locating limiting elements above the locations of the possible machined gears.

Brackets of any configuration can be used as stop brackets. Their connection with the support can be rigid and articulated. In a preferred embodiment, they are in working condition should be located in a plane parallel to the plane of the arrangement of the gears-tools.

For the same purpose, the device may include supports associated with the support of the possible horizontal movement of the gears being machined, installed outside their possible location, made in the form of a flat or curved plate. These plates are preferably mounted vertically with respect to the surface of the support.

There may be a gap between the lower surface of the tool wheels and the support. If you place the workpiece wheels on the surface of the support, this will cause the lower part of the teeth of the workpieces to be unprocessed, which will lead to a deterioration in processing quality.

Therefore, in order to improve the quality of machining of the blank wheels, the device in its preferred embodiment comprises three supports for mounting the gear blanks.

These supports can be made in the form of flat monolithic round

washers rigidly connected to the support. The minimum height of such supports is equal to the gap between the lower surface (i.e., the surface facing the support) of the gear wheels of the tools and the surface of the support. Their maximum height is selected so that the sum of the indicated height and the thickness of the gear-workpiece does not exceed the distance from the support to the upper surface of the gear-tool.

The device according to the invention is intended for running in gears with involute profile teeth (the envelope of such teeth is described by the equation of involute).

Gear wheels-tools should be equidistant. Without this condition, high-quality machining of gear wheels-blanks is impossible. At least one of the gears-tools must be installed with the possibility of connection with the drive. Such a connection is necessary to drive the entire wheel system and complete the break-in process.

According to the invention, the proposed device comprises a slider installed in the support. One of the gears of the tool wheels is mounted in the slider in such a way that the median perpendicular p of the segment located perpendicular to the axes of each of the other two gear wheels of the tools located in the plane of the tool wheel placement passes through its axis. The slider is mounted in the support with the ability to move in a direction parallel to the middle perpendicular.

The installation of a slider containing one of the gears-tools, with the possibility of movement in the support, is necessary to create the ability to move the specified wheel. The movement of the latter is necessary for the installation (removal) of three gear wheels-blanks, as well as for the application of force to the system of tool wheels and wheels-blanks necessary for their power closure.

Based on the foregoing, it is clear that all gears-tools are located in the same plane. This is a prerequisite for running in.

The aforementioned arrangement of the tool wheel mounted in the slider with respect to the other two tool wheels, as well as the aforementioned defined direction of the possible movement of the slider, are necessary for uniform distribution of forces creating a force closure on the gear system.

All tool wheels are positioned between them.

three identical workpieces so that each workpiece is in contact with two gear mi tools. At the same time, a force circuit and the required quality of processing should be provided.

This is achieved due to the fact that two tool wheels (with the exception of the tool wheel mounted on the slide) are mounted in the support at a distance between their axles equal to 2 (R + r) sin20 ° -2 (R + + r) sin45 °, where r is the radius of the tool wheel. If the distance between the axles (it is measured between the geometrical axes of the gears) is less than 2 (R + r) sin20 °, the force circuit of the system becomes unreliable and the workpiece wheels are disengaged.

If the indicated distance is greater than 2 (R + r) sin45 °, the load is not ensured at the angle of engagement corresponding to the actual operating conditions, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of processing.

In a preferred embodiment of the device, the two tool wheels are at a distance between their axles of 2 (R + r) sin30 ° R + g. With this mutual arrangement of the gear wheels and the workpieces, the axis of each tool wheel intersects the line of centers of the workpieces adjacent to it.

Radiuses of gears mean the radii of their pitch circles.

The proposed device makes it possible to increase the running-in productivity by at least three times, and also to improve the running-in quality by creating a load on the workpieces at an angle of engagement, as in real working conditions.

The proposed technical solution differs from the prototype in that in the device for rolling gears containing a support, three mounted on the support with the possibility of rotation around their axes equidistant gear wheels-tools, at least one of which is installed with the possibility of connection with the drive , one of the gear wheels-tools is installed in the slider so that through its axis passes the median perpendicular p of the segment located perpendicular to the axes of each two other gear wheels-tools, and the slider is mounted in the support with the possibility of movement in a direction parallel to the middle perpendicular, and is connected with the power block to create a force in the direction of possible movement of the slide, with two other gear wheels-tools bearing at a distance between their axes equal to 2 (R + r) sin20 ° -2 (R + r) sin45 ° where r is the radius of the gear-tool.

A specific embodiment of the device is shown in Figs. 1-5.

In FIG. 1 shows a top view of a gear for rolling in gears.

Two equally spaced gears-tools 4 and 5 are mounted on the bearing 1 on bearings 2 and 3 with free rotation. The slider 6 is mounted in the bearing 1 with the possibility of moving along the bearing in a direction parallel to the median perpendicular 7 to the segment 8, perpendicular to the m of each of the gears-tools 4 and 5. On the slider 6, a third gear-tool 10 is installed on the axis 9. The middle perpendicular p 7 passes to the segment 8 through the axis of the wheel 10. The slider 6 is installed in the cutout 11 of the support 1. Position 12 is indicated three machining billet gear wheels. The arrow shows the direction of the force P acting on the slider 6 from the side of the pneumatic cylinder B, mounted on the support 1 by means of the holder 14. The device contains brackets-stops 15 of possible vertical emergency movement of the machined wheels 12, and the limiting elements 16 are installed above the wheels 12. Position 17 the plates fixed on the support 1, which are the limitations of the possible horizontal (in the plane of the support 1) emergency movement of the gears 12, are indicated.

Figure 2 shows a section aa. Supports 18 fixed to the bases serve to fix the blanks 12 vertically.

In Fig. 3 shows a section bB. The axis of the wheel 10 is rotatably connected to the electric drive shaft in the slider 6 through the bearing 19.

Figure 4 shows a section bb. 20 indicates a hinge by means of which stops 15 (and partially 17) are mounted on the support.

Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the direction of the forces acting on the workpiece wheels 12 by the action of the force P on the slider 6. The force P acting from the side of the pneumatic cylinder on the tool wheel 10 can be decomposed into components Fn acting when the teeth mesh on each of the billet wheels 12. Fn can be decomposed into two components Pr and Pf, wherein Pr is directed to the axis of the wheel 10 and thus causes a force closure of the wheels 12. From figure 5 it is seen that similar forces Pr act on each of the wheels-blanks 12 in

direction to the centers of the tool wheels in contact with it, and thus causes a force closure of the wheels 12 with all the tool wheels in contact with them.

For simplicity, in the drawings, tool wheels and workpieces are indicated by pitch circles.

The device operates as follows.

For processing, workpieces with a pitch circle radius r a - R are used, where a is the length of segment 8, and R is the radius of the pitch circle of the gear-tool. The slider 9 is moved in the opposite direction to the arrow P in FIG. 1. Using the hinge 19, the stops 15 and partially the plates 17 are pushed up. The sodium supports 18 are mounted on the workpieces 12 so that each workpiece is brought into clearance-free engagement with the tool wheels 4 and 5, and the geometric axes of the workpieces 12 and tool wheels 4 and 5 would lie on two (intersecting at point K) straight lines. Then the pneumatic cylinder 13 is turned on, the slider 6 is moved and the tool wheel 10 with it until the clearance of the wheel 10 with two workpieces 12 is obtained. With the help of the pneumatic cylinder create a force P in the direction indicated nnom arrow. The force P acting on the tool wheel 10 creates a force short circuit of the system, which clamps the workpieces between the tools and reliably holds them in clearance-free engagement during the running-in. Then, from the electric drive associated with the axis 9, the tool wheel 10 is rotated, which in turn rotates the entire gear block: tools and workpieces, as in real conditions of their work. Thus, three workpieces are rolled in in one cycle, at the end of the cycle, the electric drive is stopped, the pneumatic cylinder 13 is turned off and the slider 6 is pulled back, after which, using the hinge 19, the stops 19 are pushed up, the processed workpieces are removed and three new workpieces are installed, In the sector I (Fig. 1) during the run-in, the tooth x of all the blanks can be affected by the electromagnetic field of the HDTV, i.e. combine running with heat treatment of the teeth, which will further increase the quality of the running and the strength of the teeth of the workpieces.

Thus, the proposed device allows to improve the quality of the running gears by creating a load on the workpieces at an angle of engagement (as in real working conditions) and to increase the productivity of the running by at least three

times due to the possibility of running in three gears at the same time,

Claims (6)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A gear for rolling in gears, comprising a power unit mounted on the base of three equally spaced gears-tools mounted for rotation about their axes radial impact on one of the tool wheels, a drive associated with at least one of the tool wheels, a support for fixing the workpiece, characterized in that, for the purpose improving the quality of the machined wheels and productivity by increasing the number of simultaneously machined wheels, it additionally contains two supports for installing machined gears, the radial power unit on one of the gears-tools is made in the form of a slider mounted on the base with the possibility of axial longitudinal movement and related to him power drive, and the last mentioned gear-tool is mounted on the slider so that through its axis passes the median perpendicular located in the plane of the arrangement of the tool wheels to the segment connecting the axes of the other two tool wheels and perpendicular to them, while the supports for the machined wheels are placed on the base, and the distance between the axes of the gears of the tools not connected with the slide is 2 (R + g) sin20 ° - -2 (R + r) sin45, where g is the radius of the gear-tool, mm; R is the radius of the gears being machined, mm. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the power drive of the slider is made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder mounted on the base. 3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, except that it is equipped with connected with base brackets for vertical movement of the gears being machined, mounted with the possibility of installation over supports for the workpieces. 4. The device according to claims 1 to 3, with the proviso that it is equipped with limiters for horizontal movement of the gears being machined, made in the form of plates. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the plates are made flat. 6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the plates are made non-planar. Figl