RU1802579C - Method for construction of chamber-type large-span underground working - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: underground construction. SUBSTANCE: auxiliary openings are driven along axes of working skew backs. Effected between them is mechanized excavation of dome part by powered stoping complex with powered support units. Support units are advanced through step of advance with anchoring in roof. After each step of support advance, hollow is formed behind it and restricted by width of worked out space. Installed between auxiliary openings is reinforcing cage, and roofing is formed by filling the hollow with hardening mix. With some lagging behind roofing formation, vertical walls are erected by drilling down holes from auxiliary openings with thixotropic solution. Holes are concreted in turn by displacing thixotropic solution to next hole. After erection of roofing and vertical walls of underground working the auxiliary openings are filled with hardening mix. Then, central part of chamber-type working is extracted. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 11 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the underground construction of structures, in particular, to the technology of temporary fastening of the contour slit and to methods for erecting a roof and vertical walls of workings of a chamber type of a large span.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the construction technology of underground workings of the chamber type of large span by increasing the safety of mining in unstable rock sediments in urban areas, expanding the front of work and increasing the pace of construction.

 In FIG. 1 shows the technological workings, passed along the axes of the toes of the arch, the conveyor installed along one of the technological workings; in FIG. 2 - technological workings connected by working along the contour of the arch, in which the transverse conveyor and combine are installed; in FIG. 3 - development along the arch contour, expanded to the dimensions of the mounting chamber, in which, in addition to all available mechanisms, sections of the powered roof support are installed; in FIG. 4 - a construction site in a plan with all installed mechanisms, including a winch for transporting reinforcing cage elements and a pump for laying a hardening mixture; in FIG. 5 is a cross-section BB of the development traversed along the arch of FIG. 4; in FIG. 6 and 7 - the construction site in the plan, explaining the operation of mechanisms when developing a gap for the arch and forming the arch; in FIG. 8-11 are cross-sections of the arch heels explaining the sequence of drilling and concreting of descending vertical wells during the construction of vertical walls of an underground chamber-type mine.

 In the drawing, the following notation: 1 - technological development; 2 - longitudinal conveyor; 3 - harvester; 4 - cross conveyor; 5 - section mechanized lining; 6 - wall; 7 - pump for injecting a hardening mixture; 8 - winch for transportation of reinforcing cage; 9 - reinforcing cage; 10 - hardening mixture; 11-13 - elastic tight sleeves; 14-18 - vertical downhole wells; 19 - development along the contour of the arch; 20 - worked out space.

 The method is as follows.

 Two parallel technological workings 1 along the axes of the arch come, spaced from each other at a distance equal to the design width of the chamber-type working. Perpendicular to the technological workings, generation 19 passes along the arch contour with a height equal to the design arch height. In the excavation 19, a transverse conveyor 4 and a combine 3 are mounted and this extension is expanded to a section of the mounting chamber. In the mounting chamber, sections of the powered roof support 5 are mounted, and in the technological workings 1, a winch 8 and a pump 7 are installed to pump the hardening mixture.

 Then they proceed to the construction of a chamber type vault. To do this, develop a gap in the contours of the future arch.

 In the process of excavation of rocks, temporary exposure of the exposed roof is carried out by sequential movement of the lining sections. When moving the lining sections behind them form a worked-out space 20, which is filled with a hardening mixture 10.

 The proposed method of erecting a chamber type mining arch creates the prerequisites for the use of one of the mechanized sewage treatment plants widely used in the mining industry for the development of stratified mineral deposits. Such complexes usually include a shearer, mechanized roof support sections, a conveyor, power equipment (pumping stations, starters, transformers, etc.).

 To form an array of a hardening mixture, the lining of the mechanized complex is equipped with a wall 6, which is moved frontally throughout the mine.

 The shearer 3 is moved along the transverse conveyor from one technological production to another, while the working body destroys the rock along the entire height of the design arch and loads it onto the conveyor 4. Conveyor 4 transports the rock and loads it onto the longitudinal conveyor 2.

As the shearer 3 moves along the conveyor 4 and the roof is exposed, the lining sections 5 are pulled to the conveyor 4 by one step, picking up the newly exposed roof with the cantilever part of the ceiling. Before moving each section of the lining 5, the force of its thrust is reduced to 2-3 tf / m ² . Then the support sections are moved with support and burst to a predetermined force in a new place.

 Unloading and moving the next section is carried out only after expansion into the roof of the previous section. The support sections can be controlled either manually or automatically.

 When controlling in automatic mode, the control over the operation of mechanisms is carried out on an electronic display installed in the technological output 1.

 At the end of the development of one strip of slit and moving all sections of the support 5 to the conveyor 4, the conveyor 4 with the combine located on it with 3 jacks, the movement is moved to the face, and the working body of the combine is introduced into the face in a new strip.

 The back wall 6 is pulled to the lining sections, forming a cavity in the worked-out space 20. In this cavity with the help of a winch 8, a reinforcing frame 9 is inserted.

 Due to the difficulty of turning at the junction of the workings, the reinforcing cage 9 is installed in separate sections connected in series by one of the known methods as it is dragged along the worked-out space. After installing the reinforcing cage 9, the cavity is filled with a hardening mixture 10.

 After gaining the required strength by the hardening mixture, the technological processes for the development of the gap and the construction of the arch are repeated. The shearer 3 is moved from right to left, and the movement of the powered support starts from the far right section.

 Technological operations for the development of the gap and the construction of the arch are repeated throughout the entire design length of the arch of the chamber type.

 The use of a mechanized sewage treatment plant in underground construction of the vault will allow the construction of large (up to 200-250 m) wide chambers and increase the pace of construction due to the expansion of the front of work (various technological processes, such as the development of a gap, the construction of a roof, etc. are carried out in parallel and continuously )

 The erection of the side walls along the production contour in unstable rocks is carried out with a lag or after completion of the construction of the arched part by drilling downward vertical wells mixed in a thixotropic solution with the subsequent replacement of the thixotropic solution with a hardening mixture (concreting wells). For this, from the workings 1, wells 14 are first drilled, and then 15. In the well 15, an elastic tight hose 11 is placed and filled with a thixotropic solution from the well 14 during its concreting. Drill the well 16 and fill volume A with a hardening mixture. In this case, the thixotropic solution from the well 14 is displaced into the well 16. Then, an elastic and tight sleeve 12 is installed in the well 16, the well 17 is drilled and volume B is filled with a hardening mixture with pumping the thixotropic solution from the sleeve 11 into the sleeve 12 and from the volume B into the well 17. Upon completion of filling volume B with a hardening mixture, the sleeve 11 is removed from the well 15 and placed in the well 17 (position 13). After that, a well 18 is drilled and volume B is filled with a hardening mixture, pumping a thixotropic solution first from sleeve 12 to sleeve 13, and then from volume B to well 18. After filling in volume B, sleeve 12 is removed from well 16 and placed in well 17 (see Fig. 8-11).

 The described operations are repeated along the entire perimeter of the chamber-type mine until the vertical walls of the mine are completely constructed. After that, the technological workings 1 are filled with concrete.

 Using the proposed method can improve the safety of mining in unstable rock sediments in urban areas, expand the front of work and increase the pace of construction; allows you to use a mechanized treatment plant with the laying of the developed space hardening mixture.

Claims (1)

 METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING UNDERGROUND OPERATIONS OF A LARGE-SPACE CHAMBER TYPE, including technological workings, preliminary mechanized development of the arch-shaped part of the workout, fixing the outcrops and excavation of the central part under the protection of fixed outcrops, characterized in that, in order to improve the technology of constructing underground workings at the expense of the large chamber type improving the safety of mining in unstable rock formations in urban areas, expanding the front of work and increase in the pace of construction, technological workings pass along the axes of the heels of the arch of the chamber-type mine, between which the mechanized development of the arch-shaped part of the mine is carried out within the height of the design contour of the arch with a mechanized treatment complex with mechanized roof support sections that are moved to the step of moving with the spread to the roof, after each step shifts of support behind it form a cavity by limiting the width of the worked out space and maintaining unstable rocks of the roof, in which between the technological workings establish the reinforcing cage in sections and form the overlap of the workout by filling the cavity with a hardening mixture, lagging the formation of the overlap from the technological workings along the perimeter of the chamber-type workout, erect vertical walls by drilling downstream wells in cross-flow in a thixotropic solution, while an elastic tight sleeve is placed in the second well, the first well is concreted and the thixotropic solution is displaced into the elastic sleeve of the second well, while the thixotropic solution they are also displaced from the second well into the third well, which is being drilled, in the drilled third well, an elastic tight sleeve is placed and the second well is concreted, the solution from the second well is forced into the fourth well, which is being drilled, the solution is from the sleeve of the second well displaced into the sleeve of the third well and after releasing the sleeve it is moved to the fourth well, while drilling subsequent wells, the operations are repeated, after the construction of the overlap and vertical walls you abotki filled chamber type generation process setting mixture and produce a recess of the central part of the working chamber type.

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