RU1800229C - Double-nozzle injector - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in boiler-furnace technology for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion chambers of boilers, furnaces and other fuel-using plants, if necessary, to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides from the products of fuel combustion. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION; in the housing 1, a peripheral swirling chamber 7 with an annular nozzle 10 and a central swirling chamber 4 with a diffuser axial nozzle 9 protruding beyond the cut of the nozzle 10 are coaxially mounted for longitudinal movement. Moreover, the peripheral camera 7 is made with a geometric characteristic that exceeds 2 ... 3 times the geometric characteristic of the Central camera 4. 1 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to energy and can be used in boiler-furnace technology for supplying liquid fuel to the combustion chambers of boilers and furnaces, other fuel-using plants, mainly when it is necessary to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides with fuel combustion products.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides in the products of the combustion of fuels. The goal is achieved in that the central twisting chamber is installed. longitudinally movable flax, its axial nozzle is made diffuser and with an output slice protruding beyond the output slice of the annular nozzle, and the peripheral swirling chamber is made with a geometric characteristic exceeding by 2 ... 3 times the geometric characteristic of the central twisting chamber.

Structurally, all nozzles have a general indicator - a geometric characteristic, which is determined by the formula.

A - iL-sm / J-cos, m foxf

where Rк is the distance from the axis of the inlet to the axis of the nozzle;

gs is the radius of the nozzle; .

/ 3 - the angle between the direction of the input channel and the axis of the nozzle;

c is the angle between the direction of the inlet channel and the tangential direction to the swirl chamber;

t is the number of input channels;

tvh - section of the input channel.

For known designs of two-nozzle nozzles, the geometrical characteristic of the axial nozzle is 3 ... 5 times higher than that for the annular nozzle. In addition, the axial nozzle is stationary. Such a constructive implementation of the known nozzles does not allow to provide conditions for reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides if it is necessary to control the characteristics of the fuel flame.

Reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides from the products of fuel combustion in fuel-using plants, including steam and hot water boilers, is achieved by controlling the firing process and adjusting the characteristics of the sprayed fuel flame,

The proposed two-nozzle nozzle due to the organization of two independent fuel flames makes it possible to implement a two-stage fuel combustion method.

providing a reduction in emissions of nitrogen oxides. Moreover, in each of the flares, different sex concentrations of fuel and oxidizer are created by their volume. Performance

the nozzle’s axial nozzle movable along the axis with an outlet cut protruding beyond the outlet cut of the annular nozzle allows the angle of the spray cone and the amount of fuel passed through the annular nozzle to be changed.

The invention is illustrated by the example shown in the drawing.

The two-nozzle nozzle contains a fuel pipe 1, a housing 2, a regulating

nut 3, central twist chamber A, fuel bypass holes 5, distribution washer 6, peripheral twist chamber 7, adjusting washer 8 — axial nozzle 9 and annular

nozzle 10.;

A two-nozzle nozzle operates as follows,

Liquid fuel is supplied under pressure through the pipe 1 into the housing 2. Then the fuel

divides into 2 streams in a given ratio. Fuel enters the central swirl chamber 4. One part of the fuel enters through the distribution washer 6 to the axial nozzle 9, the other part through the opening for transferring fuel enters the peripheral swirl chamber 7 and is supplied to the annular nozzle 10. As a result, the torch is formed of two cones; axial and annular. Moreover, due to the choice of the proposed ratios of the geometric characteristics of the nozzles, the angle of the atomization cone of the fuel flow of the axial nozzle a will always be significantly lower than the atomization cone of the annular nozzle tti.

The trajectories of moving fuel particles exiting both nozzles do not intersect. When operating a two-nozzle nozzle installed in a burner device with an organized air supply,

a zone with excess air below a stoichiometric value is created in the flare root zone. The combustion of fuel in this zone is delayed with a decrease in the flame temperature and the formation in the root zone

components of chemical underburning of fuel: СО, Н2, СН4, CmHn. The rest of the air leaving the peripheral zone of the burner embrasure interacts with a part of the fuel coming from the annular nozzle. AT

As a result, in the peripheral part of the flare a fuel burn-up zone is formed with excess air more than stoichiometrically necessary. In this case, a two-stage combustion of fuel is realized, accompanied by a decrease in the temperature of the flare and the reduction of already formed nitrogen oxides by interacting with the components of the chemical burnout of the fuel of the flare root zone.

When changing the operating modes of the fuel-using installation, the nozzle's axial nozzle is moved along the nozzle axis using the available control washers or in another way. Due to this, the inlet cross section of the annular nozzle is changed and the desired angle of opening of the flame is ensured in such a way as to ensure optimal values of excess air in each of the flares and the absence of products of incomplete combustion of fuel at the exit of the furnace.

The design of the two-nozzle nozzle, in comparison with the known ones, provides more complete combustion of the fuel and a minimal yield of nitrogen oxides. And it allows controlling the combustion process under the conditions of changing operating modes of fuel-using plants.

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Claims (2)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A two-nozzle nozzle comprising a coaxially mounted housing provided with a fuel supply pipe, a peripheral curling chamber with an annular nozzle and a central curling chamber with an axial nozzle and an outer lateral surface in the form of a truncated cone facing a large base to the fuel supply nozzle connected to the body cavity with the formation of the specified annular nozzle, characterized in that, in order to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products, the Central chamber The swirling screw is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, its axial nozzle is made diffuser and with an outlet cut protruding beyond the outlet cut of the annular nozzle, and the peripheral swirling chamber is made with a geometric characteristic exceeding 2 ... Zrae geometrical characteristic of the central twisting chamber.