RU1798909C - Electronic commutator of alternating current supply line - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: the invention relates to electronics and can be used in AC power systems of various electronic devices, in particular, television test equipment. The inventive device contains a thyristor diode key, a power-on block, a controllable memory element, an integration element, a synchronization pulse shaper, a rectifier, a diode, a start key, two input buses, two output buses, a two-input element And , key, two control buses. 2 ill.

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to electronics and is intended for use in various AC electronic power supply systems, in particular television test equipment, if it is necessary to switch alternating voltage to them when crossing the zero level and when the switch is controlled by electric signals from external control devices.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality by providing control of the switch by external electrical signals.

Figure 1 presents the electrical diagram of the proposed device; figure 2 - diagram of the proposed device.

The device contains a thyristor diode key 1, a power-on block 2, a controllable memory element 3, an integrating element 4, a synchronization pulse generator 5, a rectifier 6, a decoupling diode 7, an on-off switch 8, a load 9, an output 10, 11 and input buses 12, 13 of the device, power buses 14, 15 of driver 6, two-input element And 16, key 17, control buses 1.8, 19.

The shaper 5 is made on the phase shifter 20 and the limiter 21 of the pulse amplitude. The first power terminal of the bass reflex 20 is connected to the bus 14 and the output 23 of the driver 5, the second power terminal of the bass reflex 20 is connected to the bus 15, and the control input of the bass reflex 20 is connected to the input 22 of the driver 5, the limiter 21 is connected between the control input of the bass reflex 20 and the bus 15 .

Block 2 can be performed, for example, on an optocoupler consisting of an LED and a phototyristor, memory element 3, for example, on a low-power thyristor. two-input element And 16 can be an integral element or is made on transistors, the key 17 can be integrated or made on a transistor.

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The control input of the thyristor diode key 1 is connected to the output of the power-on unit 2, the input of which is connected to the output of the controlled memory element 3, the outputs of the key 1 through the load 9 are connected to the output buses 10, 11 of the device. The outputs of the diagonal of the rectifier 6 through the switch 8 are connected to the input buses 12, 13 of the device, which are connected to a source of reduced mains voltage (not shown in the drawing), the first output of the diagonal of the direct current of rectifier 6 forms two buses 14 and 15 power supply of former 5, elements 4, 3, 16 and 17 of block 2. The second DC diagonal terminal of rectifier 6 is connected to input 22 of former 5, output 23 of which is connected to input of integrating element 4, output connected to the first input of two-input element And 16, the second input of which is connected to terminal 18. The output of the And 16 element is connected to the control input of the element 3. The power input of the key 17 is connected to the output of the anode of the light-emitting diode of the block 2. The output of the key 17 is connected to the common bus 15. The control input of the key 17 is connected to terminal 19. A diode 7 is connected between the second terminal of the DC diagonal of rectifier 6 and bus 14.

The switch operates as follows. In the initial (off) state, the power switch 8 is open. The device is provided, therefore, the diode-thyristor switch 1 is open and there is no current in the load circuit 9. .

When the key 8 is closed (t0, Fig. 2), the reduced mains voltage is supplied to the rectifier b, which serves to obtain a ripple voltage. (figb) with a doubled frequency of the network. To simplify the circuitry of the switch, rectifier 6 is common to power ups. (Fig. 2d) of the driver 5, elements 3, 4, 16 and 17 of block 2 and is a source of receiving synchronizing pulses. The doubled frequency of the ripple voltage makes it possible to obtain synchronizing pulses corresponding to each passage of the sinusoidal voltage through zero. The decoupling diode 7 prevents smoothing of the ripple voltage at the output of the rectifier 6. Next, the ripple voltage is supplied to the limiter 21. Trapezoidal pulses are generated at the output of the limiter 21, Dorp. (Fig. 2c) supporting the bass reflex 20 in the open state. Between the pulses, the bass reflex 20 is closed. At the same time, a positive UK synchronizing pulse is emitted on the collector of the bass reflex 20 (Fig. 2e). Since the bass reflex 20 closes at a time close to the transition

sinusoids through zero, then the pulse allocated to the collector will correspond to this time. In order to increase the accuracy of turning on the diode-thyristor switch 1 at the time the mains voltage passes through zero between the former 5 and the memory element 3, an integrating element 4 is turned on.

The accuracy of switching is determined by half the duration of the synchronizing

5 impulses. Selecting the turn-on delay time of the diode-thyristor switch 1 by half the pulse duration using the integrating element AND, you can achieve full synchronization of the inclusion

0 thyristor diode key 1 with the moment of transition of the mains voltage through zero (integr.) (Fig. 2e). The integrating element 4 improves the noise immunity of the switch. After the integrating element 4, the sync5 visor pulses are fed to the first input of the two-input element And 16. The output of the element And 16 pulses do not pass, because there is no signal at the second input. When applying at time ti to the second input

0 18 of the And .16 element of the Uynp.1 signal (Fig. 2g), the synchronizing pulse passes to the output of the And 16 element (UK Fig. 2e) and then to the input of the memory element 3 - into the control circuit of a low-power thyristor. Thyristor

5 includes an optocoupler of power-on unit 2. The switching unit 2 provides galvanic isolation of the switch elements from the mains voltage supplied to the diode-thyristor switch 1 and the load 9. Thyristor

0 of memory element 3 opens, turning on the LED of the optocoupler of the power-on block 2, the control circuit of the diode-thyristor switch 1 is closed through the optocoupler of the optocoupler, opening the key 1 and

5 connecting load 9 to the network.

A necessary condition for the passage of synchronizing pulses through the element And is the expression where Tupr. is the magnitude of the pulse duration

0 Uynpi;

Ts.i. - the repetition period of asynchronizing pulses.

If the Uynp.t control signal disappears, the switch remains on 5

nym since the thyristor of memory element 3 is open. In order to turn off the switch, the control input 19 of key 17 must be supplied with a signal Uynp.2 (t3 of Fig.2i). In this case, the key 17 opens and shunts the LED

optocoupler unit 2 and memory element 3. The voltage at the anode of the low-power thyristor of memory element 3 is reduced to zero and the thyristor is closed by turning off the LED of the optocoupler of block 2. The phototyristor of the optocoupler also closes; key 1 disconnects the load 9 from the mains. (t4 fig.2k). When the next Uynp.i signal is supplied, the process repeats (ts, te Fig. 2k).

New features made it possible to control the electronic switch using external electrical signals from various control devices or computers. In this case, all the positive features of the electronic switch are retained.

The proposed technical solution will find / application in devices where it is necessary to switch powerful consumers with the help of external control signals.

FORMULA AND SECTION

Electronic AC network switch containing a thyristor diode key, its inclusion unit, a controlled memory element, an integrating element, a synchronization pulse shaper, a rectifier, a diode, a start key, a thyristor key output, the outputs of the diode thyristor key through the load are connected to the output buses, and the control input is connected to the output of the switching unit, the input of which is connected to the output of the controlled memory element, the outputs of the AC diagonal rectified through the start key are connected to the input buses of the device first, first

the output of the DC diagonal of the rectifier forms two power supply buses of the synchronization pulse generator, an integrating element, the memory control element and the switching unit, the second output of the DC diagonal of the rectifier is connected to the input of the synchronization pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the input of the integrating element, a decoupling diode is connected between the second output of the diagonal of the direct current rectifier and the first power bus, the synchronization pulse shaper is made on the phase inverter, and the a pulse amplitude analyzer, the first power output of the phase inverter is connected to the first supply bus and the output of the synchronizer, the second power output of the phase inverter is connected to the second power bus, the control input of the phase inverter is connected to the input of the synchronization pulse generator, the pulse amplitude limiter is connected between the control input of the phase inverter and a second power bus, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality, a two-input element And and a key, a power input and forces are introduced the output of which is respectively connected to the anode of the emitting diode of the switching unit and to the common bus, while the output of the integrating element is connected to the control input of the memory control element through the And element, the second input of which is connected to the first control bus, and the key control input - with a second control bus.

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