RU1798769C - System of automatic control over distribution of water in canal of two-way action - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automatic control, and in particular to systems for automatic control of water distribution in channels with machine water lift,. ; ; -. ; The aim of the invention is to expand the scope of the system, increasing the efficiency of water distribution and the reliability of the functioning of the control system. The goal is achieved in that a system comprising in each channel section a first block of threshold elements connected in series, a pumping station control unit, a pumping station, a pumping station flow meter, a comparison unit and an adder, a level sensor at the beginning of the channel section, a level sensor outside the channel section, the second block of threshold elements, the first and second inputs of which are respectively connected to the output of the level sensor at the beginning of the channel section and to the output of the level sensor in nse of the channel section, and the first and second outputs with the third and fourth inputs of the pumping station control unit, the second output of the first block of threshold elements is connected to the second input of the pumping station control unit, the second adder input is connected to the adder output of the upstream channel section, and the output - with the input of the first block of threshold elements, additionally contains a reservoir filling the channel with a full-water reservoir for diverting excess flow from the channel connecting the corresponding the channel section and the reservoir, the connecting channel between the reservoir and the corresponding channel section for supplying water from the reservoir to the channel sections, the control unit for the pump station for pumping water from the reservoir and the pump station for pumping water from the reservoir, bypass channels for emergency discharge of excess flow in the channel to all sections of the channel, except the first, and on each section of the channel - connected in series pumping station swap (consumer) and the flow meter of the consumer, the output of which is connected to the second input of the comparison unit, the third outputs of the second blocks of threshold elements of all sections of the channel, except connected to the reservoir, are connected to the fifth input of the control unit by the pumping pump station of the upper section of the channel, the fourth output of the second block of threshold elements of the first channel section is connected to the first the input of the control unit of the pumping station for pumping water from the reservoir, the second input of which is connected to the third output of the second block of threshold elements, respectively favoring passage portion connected to the reservoir. 2 ip. I ate from VU 00 vj СЬ Ч)

Description

The invention relates to automatic control of NSh; namely, to the systems; auto K a; 1 cesky management of water distribution and IB irrigation canals with machine water. ; ;::

Objectives) of the invention. This is an extension of the field, for example, see the -1-stemych; more; n: other efficiency and reliability of the control system.

NafIG; 1Gpredstedlenaglshynd scheme of the indictment of the Two-way action s / kaadr pump stations.

Figure 2: presents ctpyxr / pHan diagram of the proposed automatic system

management. W - -VV v: /.; .. T

. Station with pumping stations Stations 1, flow meters 2 blocks 3,

; Wed AvnSH Totalizer 4 First Sensors5

level second sensors 6 uroen, pumping

$ ta; n11im swap, consumer flowmeters 8; first blocks of threshold elements

9, second threshold blocks; elements 10,

Blocks , 1 1 at npja in ln and pereka h and va 1shche and n a-:

pine station, bypass channels 12,; on.

.; th b l-c: 1C: and d rd | E ay .. channel 13,

: reservoir 14, connecting channel

15 block 16, controlled by a pumping station

re-pumping 1 water from the reservoir, pumping station | O 17 pumping water from the water tiwiti HUJig .5 :: rlV-; :;:. j: y ::; :: -: - /: v.- V: /; : 4 yr.

Pumping stations of 1 transfer contain Hacocff units 181,182, T8p.

In Fig. 3, a connection diagram of a pumping pump station 1 perrogre of threshold elements 9, a second block of log elements 10 and a control unit 11 of a pumping pump station for a first channel section is shown, and Fig. 4 is a connection diagram of said system elements for a second and a section the channel is connected with the reservoir. are looking for.;; h- L- -.; / .: V.: ;; - ;I AM. ; / -. g.:; -.-; ; (1 first time: blocks of threshold elements 9 contain threshold elements I9i, 192 (FIG. 3, FIG. 4); The second block of threshold elements 10 for the first channel section contains threshold elements 201,202,20z, 204 (FIG. H); for the remaining sections of the channel co: holds threshold elements 20i, 20i, 203 .Hr. 4) v; ; r - ;;;;;: -; i .. ;;;::;;: - /: ... , /:. . The pumping pump control units 11: the stations contain a determination; , for example, and 2: 1 turn-on sequence, determine 2.2 the sequence of shutdown and logical elements OR 231,232 (Fig. 3, .fyK4) ./: -:;: g; 1 / :. . . ; .. .

The determinants 21 of the sequence of switching on include a time relay 24, a pulse shaper 25, a distributor 26

pulses and the switching unit 27 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4). The switching unit 27 contains electronic keys 28i ... 28n, relays 29i,., 29n. (FIG. 3, FIG. 4). . . .

5 The shutdown priority determiner 22 comprises a time relay 30, a pulse shaper 31, a pulse distributor 32, and a shutdown unit 33 (Fig. 3, Fig. 4). -.;.; .

The shutdown unit 33 contains electronic keys 34i. ,, 34n and relays 35i, .. 35.n (Fig. 3,

; figure 4). ..; -;. -. /; . . / - Figure 5 presents a possible implementation of the distributors 26.32 im5 pulses for the case n 4 / n - the number of pumping units pumping pumping stations),

Distributors 26, 32 pulses with n 4 contains triggers 36: g .... 3b4 and element

0 37 OR NOT, Element 37 OR NOT prevents - the possibility of simultaneous re-; the inclusion of two triggers or more, for

of this, the outputs of all the triggers 361..1364 by D, a} b; tc to the inputs of the element 37 OR-YE, When

5, the last trigger 364 will switch, to - the inputs of element 37 YELI-NOT from all outputs of the triggers 36-1 ... 364 will have zeros, which will ensure that the first trigger 361 units arrive at input D and prepare the distributors 26.32 for operation. If, along with switching the last trigger 364, some other trigger, for example the second 362, is switched, then the input of element 37 will NOT be fed a combi nation of 0100 instead of 0000, which will not ensure removal of the unit from its output, and in this case, the distributors 26, 32 do not work.

Figure 6 presents the temporary diagram of valves 26.32. illustrating their principle of operation.

The pressure pipelines of each pump unit 18g ... 18P of the pumping pump stations 1 are connected to a common pressure pipe line. The flow meters 2 are installed in the common pressure lines of the pumping pump stations 1 and therefore they measure the total flow rates supplied by the pumping stations 1.

0.

UZR-V ultrasonic flow meters manufactured by the Kuibyshev Plant Ekran are used as flowmeters.

All sections of the channel are protected by zvariyny 5 weirs from overflow of water through

channel edge in case of emergency,

Spillway marks are assigned in such a way that when the water level exceeds

20 cm above the spillway

spillways discharges all excess flow in the channel through the bypass channels 12 (Fig. 7).

In the first section of the channel, four values of the water level are set: the minimum allowable (min, extra), the minimum set (mln), the maximum set (max), the maximum allowable (max, additional) (Fig. 8), upon reaching which the output of the second block threshold elements 10 have corresponding signals. At the same time, there is a signal at the output of the threshold element 20i if the water level reaches a minimum predetermined (mln) value. There is a signal at the output of threshold element 202 if the water level reaches a maximum predetermined value (max). At the output of the threshold element 203 there is a signal if the water level reaches the minimum acceptable value (min, extra), and at the output of the threshold element 204 there is a signal if the water level reaches the maximum permissible value (max, additional) (Fig. 3). In the remaining sections of the channel, three values of the water level are set, upon reaching which at the output of the second block of threshold elements 10 there are corresponding signals (mfn, ext. Min, max) (Fig. 7, Fig. 4).

The pump station 17 for pumping water from the reservoir contains pump units 38i, 382, ... 38p (Fig. 9). The control unit 16 for controlling the pumping station for pumping water from the reservoir includes a turn-on priority determiner 30 and a turn-off priority determiner 40 (Fig. 9). The turn-on determiner 30 comprises a time relay .41, a pulse shaper 42, a pulse distributor 43, and an enable unit 44 (Fig. 9) The enable unit 44 contains electronic switches 45i, 452 .... 45P, and a relay 46i, 462, ... 46n (Fig. 9).

The shutdown priority determiner 40 comprises a time relay 47, a pulse shaper 48, a pulse distributor 49, and a shutdown unit 50 (Fig. 9). The shutdown unit 50 contains electronic keys 51i, 512, ... 51P and relays 52i, 522, ... 52P (Fig. 9).

The system operates as follows.

In the initial state, the flow rate supplied to the channel sections and disassembled by consumers is balanced and the system operates stably. At the same time, water levels are kept constant.

The ode is pumped from the downstream sections to the upstream ones. At the same time, water is supplied to all consumers of all sections of the channel. Considering that during the growing season, the flow rate q (t). withdrawn by consumers varies over a wide range

(qmin (t), qmax (t) /, many open irrigation canals are constructed in such a way that in order to save water, electricity and fully supply water to all consumers during the entire growing season, excess water q (t) qmax (t ) is discharged through channel 13 filling the reservoir to reservoir 14. And during periods of maximum water withdrawal by consumers q (t)

 qmax (t), when the pumping pump stations 1 are not able to fully supply all consumers with water or the water source does not satisfy the demand for water from the consumers, the water is supplied back from the reservoir via the connecting channel 15 and pump station 17 for pumping water from the reservoir to plots and at the same time the water demand of all

consumers. It should be noted that the water supply from the channel section to the filling reservoir channel 13 is carried out by gravity, i.e., the reservoir capacity is quite large and therefore there is no need to control who the water level is. The water supply from the connecting channel 15 to the corresponding section of the channel is carried out by means of an emergency spillway (in FIG.

shown, see Fig.7),

When changing the consumption of consumers of any section of the channel, for example, the section connected by the reservoir, by the value of Aq, from the output of block 3 comparison

the error signal Ј3j equal to the difference between the flow rate supplied by the pumping pump station 1 of this section and the flow rate of consumers is removed, that is:

40.

Јlj (t) Qijft) - qij (t).

ABOUT)

where Јij (t) is the jth error signal for the water flow rate of the 1st section of the channel;

Q jW J biu flow rate supplied by pump station 1 of the i-th section;

qij (t) is the jth flow rate taken by consumers of the 1st section.

The error signal of this section e3j is fed to the first input of the adder 4, where it is summed with the error signal of the upstream sections. Thus, at the output of the adder 4, there is a total error signal for the water flow of this section and all the upstream sections of the channel, that is:

Uj (t) Јij (t), j (t), (2)

where f (t) is the j-th output signal of the adder 4 of the 1st channel section;

h - i. j (j is the jth output signal of the sum of 4 I of the 1st channel section.

The output signal of the adder 4 is fed to the input of the first block of threshold elements 9 of the considered section, the First block of threshold elements 9 contains threshold elements 19i, 19a. Threshold element 19i is triggered if the total error signal Ф || {т), which carries information about the mismatch between the flow rate supplied by the pumping pump station 1 and the flow rate taken by consumers, exceeds its threshold value equal to 70% of the flow rate of additional pumping units: regattas. That is, if the flow rate taken by consumers is greater than the flow rate supplied by the pumping station 1 by 70% of the flow rate of the additional pump units, the threshold element 19i is triggered. At the same time, through the OR logic circuit 23i of the pumping station control unit 11, a switch-on sequence identifier 21 is turned on. By the output of the OR logic circuit 23i, the first time relay 24 of the turn-on switch 21 is activated. The time relay 24 with the delay necessary to confirm the new steady state in the channel section issues a command to the pulse shaper 25, which generates one rectangular pulse, which is input to the first pulse distributor 26. A pulse distributor 26 distributes the pulses supplied to its input across all its outputs. In this case, alternating pulses are generated at its output. Since the first pumping unit 18i is operating, the output pulse of the pulse generator 25 is fed to the input C of the second trigger 362, while the pulse is received at the second output of the distributor 26, which is fed to the input of the key 282 of the switching unit 27, which ensures the relay 292 is activated. contact and the inclusion of the pump unit 18a, which allows you to stepwise change the flow rate of the pump unit 182, the flow rate supplied to the section of the channel connected to the reservoir. If, after switching on the additional pumping unit 18a, the output total signal of the adder 4 exceeds the threshold value of the threshold element 19i, the process is repeated and the additional pumping unit 18zit.d is turned on. Additional pumping units of the pumping station 1 will operate until the reserve volume of the channel section is full.

With a decrease in water consumption in the considered area, the flow rate supplied by the pumping pump station 1 becomes larger than the flow rate taken

consumers, and the error signal r3 (t) changes sign. If the flow rate supplied by the pumping station 1 is greater than the flow rate taken by consumers by 70% of the flow rate of the additional pumping units, the threshold element 192 of the first block of threshold elements 9 is triggered and the determinant 22 of the shutdown sequence of the control unit 11, the relay 30 time delay required for

confirming the new steady state in the channel section, issues a command to the pulse shaper 31. The pulse generator 31 generates one rectangular pulse, which is fed to

input of the distributor 32 pulses. The rectangular pulse of the driver 31 pulses is fed to the input From the first trigger 362 of the distributor 32 pulses, while at the first output of the distributor

32 pulses, the pulse arrives at the 1 input of the key 34t of the shutdown unit 33, which will ensure the relay 33i trips, opens its contact and turns off the pump unit 18i. In this case, the flow rate supplied to the channel section associated with the reservoir is stepwise changed by the flow rate of the unit 18i. If, after the additional pump unit 18i is turned off, the output total signal of the totalizer 4 exceeds the threshold value of the threshold element 192, then the process is repeated and the additional pump unit 182 is turned off, etc. Setting threshold elements 19i, 19a

the first block of threshold elements 9 is provided, proceeding from the requirements to reduce the number of responses of pumping units due to the maximum use of reserve volumes in the channel, when

This will increase the reliability of pumping stations and significantly reduce energy consumption. The total error signal Fe () (i.e.) in the adder 4 of the second channel section is summed with

an error signal C2j (t) of the indicated section, which leads to the fact that at the output of the adder under consideration there is a total error signal Фг (т) for the flow rate of the second, third and other above-located sections of the channel. In this case, the control unit 1 1 of the second channel section generates a control signal taking into account the mean of this error signal (t). This leads to an increase in the speed of rgld and pyropanic, as well as a sharp decrease in the number of operations of the pumping units of the pumping pumping stations, since the pumping units of any section of the channel will work until the reserve volumes of its section and all the above ones are filled. This increases the reliability of the pumping stations.

At the output of the adder 4 of the first channel section, there is a total error signal F)) (1) for the water flow rate of all upstream sections of the channel, while the pumping units of the pumping pump station of this section will work until the reserve volumes of all upstream sections of the channel are filled.

If, as a result of turning on and / or turning off additional pumping units of pumping pumping stations 1, the water level at the end and / or beginning of any section of the channel reaches the maximum or minimum set values, the second block of threshold elements 10 is triggered. The threshold element 20i of the second block of threshold elements 10 is triggered if the water level at the beginning and / or at the end of the section reaches the minimum set point. At the same time, a signal is generated at its output, which, through the OR logic 23i of the control unit 11, turns on the switch-on sequence 21 and, accordingly, additional pumping units of the pumping pump stations 1 are turned on, which prevents the channel section from being emptied. The threshold element 202 of the second block of threshold elements 10 is triggered if the water level at the beginning and / or at the end of the channel section reaches the maximum allowable value. At the same time, a signal is generated at its output, which, through the OR logic 23a of the control unit 11, turns on the shutdown priority determiner 22 and, accordingly, additional pump units are turned off, which prevents unproductive discharge of irrigation water and excessive energy consumption.

If, as a result of water withdrawal by consumers, the water level in any of the channel sections (for example, in the first section) reaches the maximum water supply. value, then at the output of the threshold element 20c of the second block of threshold elements 10, a signal is received which is transmitted to the OR element 232 of the control unit 11 of the pumping pump station 1 of the upstream channel section (second section). At the same time, at the output of the indicated element 232 there is a signal that is fed to the input of the gel 22 of the shutdown sequence (see Fig. 3, Fig. 4). The determiner 22 of the shutdown sequence by the output of the threshold element 20c of the second block of threshold 5 elements 10 of the downstream section of the channel shuts off the next pumping unit and the water supply to the second section of the channel is gradually reduced. If after some time the value of the water level in the first section of the channel does not increase and is at the min mark. add. value, then at the output of the specified threshold element 20z the signal is stored and the determiner 22 of the shutdown sequence

5 of the control unit 11 of the second channel section disables the next pump unit. Thus, while there is a signal at the output of the indicated threshold element 203, the control unit 11 sequentially disconnects all pumping units of the pumping pump station 1 of the second channel section and at the same time prevents the possibility of exit of expensive pumping units due to insufficient

5 levels of water in the fore chamber of this pump station.

As soon as all pumping units of the pumping pump station 1 of the second section of the channel are switched off, the water level in this section sharply decreases, which leads to the fact that after some time the water level reaches min, add. values and at the same time at the output of the threshold element 20c of the second block of threshold elements 10

5 of the second channel section, a signal is received which is input to the determiner 22 of the shutdown sequence of the control unit 11 of the upper channel section, and accordingly, the pump units of the pumping pump station 1 of the channel section connected to the reservoir are disconnected. The shutdown of the pumping units of the pumping station 1 will take place as long as there is a signal at the output of the threshold element 5 of the second block of threshold elements 10 of the second section of the channel, which can lead to shutdown of all pumping units of the pumping station 1 of the channel section connected to the reservoir and a sharp

0 reduce the water level in this area. If, as a result of shutdown of the pumping station 1 of the channel section connected to the reservoir, the water level in this section reaches min, add. values then on

5, the output of the threshold element 203 of the second block of threshold elements 10 of this section of the channel receives a signal that is input to the determinant 39 of the control unit 16 of the pump station 17 for pumping water from the reservoir and thus the pumping units of the pump station 17 for pumping water from the reservoir are turned on, which leads to the fact that water from the reservoir 14 through the connecting channel 15 enters the considered section of the channel. As soon as the water level in the channel section connected to the reservoir becomes higher than the set value, the signal at the output of the threshold element 20c of the second block of threshold elements of the first channel section disappears, but the pump units of the pump station 17 continue to operate.

Water from the reservoir fills the canal and at the same time raises the water level in the channel section connected to the reservoir / As soon as the water level in this section of the channel exceeds the maximum set value, water through the emergency spillway enters the bypass channel 12 and, thus, fills the second channel section. It should be noted that in the second section, this process is repeated and water passes through the bypass channel 12 to the first section and fills it.

Taking into account that the filling of the section of the canal associated with the reservoir, the second and first sections, of the channel is carried out through emergency weirs and bypass channels, in order for the water to flow from one located section to another, a lower section, it is necessary that the level in the upper section exceeded the maximum specified level in this area (see, Fig.7). Thus, if the water level in the first section of the channel reaches the maximum set value during reverse water supply, it is concluded that the level exceeded the maximum set values in the third and second sections of the channel. If, as a result of reducing underconsumption on the first channel, the water level reaches the maximum allowable value (see Fig. 8), then at the output of the threshold element 204 of the second block of threshold elements 10 of this section of the channel, a signal is received that enters the block shutdown priority determiner 40 control 16 pump station for pumping water from the reservoir. In this case, the shutdown priority determiner 40 sequentially shuts off the pump units 38,382, ... 38P depending on the time the signal was stored at the output of the indicated threshold of the element 204 of the pumping station 17 for pumping water from the reservoir. When you turn off all the units of the pumping station 17 completely stops the flow of water from the reservoir to the sections of the channel and at the same time

the back flow of water from the upstream sections to the downstream also ceases.

Subsequently, the system controls the water distribution in the canal from the downstream sections to the upstream ones according to the above described principle of operation. If, as a result of supplying water from the downstream sections to the upstream sections, the water level in the first section of the channel again reaches the maximum permissible value, then a signal will appear at the output of the threshold element 20c of the second block of threshold elements 10 of this section, which turns off the pump units 18i, 182 ... .18n of the pumping station 1 of the second channel section and again the process is repeated.

Thus, the introduced set of distinctive features allows to expand the scope of the system according to the prototype and to increase the efficiency of water distribution and the reliability of the functioning of the control system. An increase in the efficiency of water distribution in the canal is achieved by the fact that when there is a shortage of water in the canal sections in the system, reverse water supply from the reservoir to these sections is switched on, which allows timely supply of water to all consumers. Improving the reliability of the system is achieved by the fact that upon reaching mln, add. level at any part of the channel, the pumping units of the pumping pump station of the upstream channel section are switched off, which prevents the possibility of cavitation in the operation of pumping units and their failure. This increases the reliability of the operation of pumping stations, as well as the reliability of the functioning of the control system.

Claims (1)

Claims A system for automatic control of water distribution in a double-acting channel, containing on each channel section a first block of threshold elements connected in series, a pumping station control unit, a pumping station, a pumping station flow meter, a comparison unit and an adder, a level sensor at the beginning of the channel section, a sensor level at the end of the channel section; the second block of threshold elements, the first and second inputs of which are respectively connected to the output of the level sensor at the beginning of the channel section and to the output of the level sensor at the end of the channel section, and the first and second outputs to the third and fourth inputs of the control unit of the pumping pump station, the second output of the first block of threshold elements is connected to the second input of the control unit of the pumping pump station, the second input of the adder is connected to the output of the adder of an upstream section of the channel, and the output to the input of the first block threshold elements, characterized in that, with the aim of expanding the scope of the system, increasing the speed of water distribution and the reliability of the system, it additionally contains a reservoir filling the reservoir with a channel to divert excess flow from the channel connecting the corresponding section of the channel and the reservoir , a connecting channel between the reservoir and the corresponding section of the channel for supplying water from the reservoir to the channel sections, connected in series to the control unit of the pumping station antsii pumping water from I reservoir and pump station for pumping water from the reservoir, bypass channels for emergency discharge of excess flow in the channel in all sections of the channel, except the first, and in each section of the channel are connected in series pumping station of pumping (consumer) and the flow meter of the consumer, the output of which is connected to second input of the comparison unit, third the outputs of the second blocks of threshold elements of all sections of the channel, except connected to the reservoir, are connected to the fifth input of the control unit of the pumping pump station above of the channel section, the fourth exit of the second block of threshold elements of the first channel section is connected to the first input of the control unit of the pumping station for pumping water from the reservoir, the second input of which is connected to the third output of the second block of threshold elements of the corresponding channel section connected to the reservoir. (ar eG G & 5 G