RU1798011C - Cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

Using; in ventilation equipment for cleaning air from dust. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A cyclone comprises a spherical body. The input of the stream to be cleaned is made in the form of at least two unidirectional nozzles located tangentially to the exhaust pipe in the upper part of the housing, vertical slotted holes are made in the side wall of the housing with front edges bent outward to the gas flow, located along the perimeter of the largest cross section, perpendicular to the vertical axis of the housing. The dust collector is made spherical with a radius of 1, 3-1.4 times the radius of the housing, and the upper edge is attached to the housing at the level of the upper edges of the slotted holes, while the lower end of the exhaust pipe is located at the same level. 2 ill., Ztab.

Description

(L

WITH

The invention relates to a ventilation technique and can be used in any industry for cleaning dust from air. : I;

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of air purification from fine dust. ;

In FIG. 1 shows a device, side view; in FIG. 2 same, top view.

Example. The OTPO-8 device includes a housing 1, made in the form of a spherical segment with a radius of 500 mm, in the upper part of which an exhaust pipe 2 is installed along the vertical axis. In the same part of the housing 1, two inlet pipes are unidirectionally around the pipe 2 in a horizontal plane tangential nozzle 3, so that the angles between their axes are equal and equal to 180 °. Along the perimeter of the largest cross-section of the spherical body 1, which is lerdendicular to its vertical axis, there are vertical slotted holes 4, front along the gas, the edges of which are bent outward. The lower part of the housing 1 with openings 4 is enclosed in a dust collector 5, repeating the shape of the housing 1 with a radius of 700 mm (1.4 times the radius of the sphere of the housing 1). In its lower part, the dust collector 5 has an outlet, with a pipe b, and in the inner cavity a conical reflector .7, consisting of forward and reverse cones. The lower edge of the exhaust pipe 2 coincides with the upper level of the holes 4. Lines

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the edge of the dust collector 5 with the housing 1 coincides with the upper level of the holes 4. The edge of the housing 1 is located in the cavity of the dust collector 5 below the lower level of the holes 4.

The device operates as follows.

Dusty air through the inlet tangential nozzles 3 enters the cavity of the housing 1, where, due to the tangential feed, it is twisted and spirals down along the housing 1. In this case, the dust particles in the air stream are concentrated due to centrifugal forces at the inner surface of the housing 1. moreover, large fractions of dusty material (size greater than 100 microns) due to greater inertia move directly near the walls, while small fractions of dusty material (size less than 10 microns) - at a certain distance t of the walls of the housing 1. Income to the equatorial part of the housing 1 into the zone of location of the slots with bent edges, large dust particles with the boundary part of the air flow are removed from the cavity of the housing 1 and fall into the cavity of the dust collector 5, where the particles move in a spiral along it walls with acceleration, are concentrated in the lower part of the dust collector 5 and are removed from the device through the nozzle b. And the air stream, having separated in the lower part of the dust collector 5 from the dust particles, rises swirling upwards, the streamlined conical reflector 7, enters the exhaust pipe 2 and is removed from the device. . . .. . .; ..; /

Small dust fractions with a part of the air flow, bypassing the hole location zone 4, continue to spiral along the body 1. Accelerate and concentrate in the volume (which contributes to the coagulation of particles), reach the edge of the body 1. Due to the tangential component of the speed of movement dust particles and air flow, they rush to the walls of the dust collector 5, where small dust particles are adjacent to large ones, intensifying the coagulation process, and together with them are removed from the device through the pipe 6. And part of the air stream, freed from fine dust particles, merging with the upward air flowing around the conical reflector 7, through the exhaust pipe 2 leaves the device. V /

Moreover, the presence of at least two inlet tangential nozzles 3. spherically expands to the equatorial region of the housing part 1 provide intensive stable fractional separation of dust particles in the housing cavity

1. This is achieved due to a more uniform supply, distribution and swirling of dust flow in the said part of the housing 1 (due to expansion) provides a more noticeable difference in the speeds of movement of small and large fractions of dust, which ensures the specified separation.

The presence of a spherically tapering after the equatorial region of the body part 1 and

the spherical shape of the dust collector 5 provides an intensification of the process of coagulation of particles among themselves due to the uniform acceleration of the flow and an increase in the volume concentration of dust in it

particles. ;

The intensification of the processes of separation, coagulation of dust particles, the smoothness of the change in the aerodynamic parameters in the device during their stabilization lead to

increase the efficiency of air purification from dust, and especially, for Fine fractions. Laboratory tests were conducted during which the fractional efficiency of dust cleaning was determined by changing the shape

the surface of the housing and the dust collector: the ratio of the levels of cutoffs of the housing, dust collector, exhaust pipe and slots; as well as the dimensions of the dust collector and the number of inlet tangential nozzles. The test results are summarized in tables 1-3.

From the table. 1-3 it is seen that the efficiency of air purification from dust of fine fractions (size less than 10 microns) compared with the prototype increases by 3.4%. .

Using the proposed device provides high efficiency air purification from dust of fine fractions (up to 80.3%).

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FORMULA ISOBERTEN

A cyclone containing a spherical body with a tangential inlet of the cleaned stream, axial exhaust pipe, lower

an outlet with a reflector under which the dust collector is located, distinguishing also with the fact that, in order to increase the efficiency of air purification from fine dust, the input is made in the form of

at least two unidirectional nozzles located in the upper part of the housing tangentially to the exhaust pipe, vertical slotted holes are made in the side wall of the housing with bent

outward with the front along the gas edges located along the perimeter of the largest cross section perpendicular to the vertical axis of the housing, the dust collector is made spherical with a radius 1.3-1.4 times the radius of the housing and the upper edge

attached to the housing at the level of the upper edges of the slotted holes, while the lower

The dependence of the cleaning efficiency (%) of air by fine dust (d 10 microns) on the shape of the surface of the body and the number of inlet pipes

The dependence of the effeciency of the clean air (%) for fine dust. on the shape and size of the dust box: and the location of the exhaust pipe end face located at the same level,

Table 1

table 2

Continuation of Chbl. 2

The dependence of the efficiency of air purification (%) for finely dispersed dust on the ratio of element levels

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Table 3