RU1797776C - Fertilizer application machine - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A mineral fertilizer applicator machine consists of a frame to which support wheels, a hopper, a conveyor, a feed conveyor, an unloading bar, a fertilizer guide, a dispenser, a metering device in a back wall of a hopper consisting of a slot and a gate are fastened. The discharge bar consists of two side walls and one additional wall, tapering, to the discharge gap. A stabilizer is installed over the edge of the discharge bar located on the side of the discharge gap, which is a board mounted across the hopper. The gap between the support table and the lower edge of the stabilizer is equal to the height of the maximum opening of the discharge gap. The distance between the upper edge of the stabilizer and the supporting surface of the conveyor is 0.6 ... 0.8 of the width of the conveyor, the distance from the wide edge of the discharge bar to the stabilizer is 0.25 ... 0.5 of the length of the supporting surface of the conveyor. 5 ill. With

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to fertilizer applicators.

The aim of the invention is to increase operational reliability and reduce power to drive the conveyor.

Figure 1 shows a machine for applying mineral fertilizers, general view; in Fig.2 - the same top view; in Fig.Z - section aa in Fig.2; figure 4 - machine when unloading the hopper in the first period; Fig. 5 is the same when unloading at the beginning of the fertilizer movement in a continuous flow.

The fertilizer applicator consists of a frame 1 to which the support wheels 2, the hopper 3, the support table 4, the feed conveyor 5, the discharge bar 6, the guide 7, the dispenser 8, the metering device in the rear wall of the hopper, consisting of slits and gates 9. The discharge bar 6 consists of two lateral 1 b and one additional 11 walls, tapering to the discharge slit. A stabilizer 12 is installed above the edge of the discharge bar 6, located to the side of the discharge gap, which is a board mounted across the hopper. The gap between the lower edge of the stabilizer 12 and the support table 4 is equal to the height of the maximum opening of the discharge gap, and the distance from the upper edge of the stabilizer to the support table is 0.6 ... 0.8 of the conveyor width.

The machine for applying mineral fertilizers operates as follows.

The feed conveyor 5 is driven through the transmission system. At the entrance

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in the hopper 3, the working branch of the feed conveyor 5 passes with a gap under the unloading bar 6. Fertilizers are captured by the straps of the conveyor and moved to a metering device consisting of a slit and a gate 9, fertilizer 7 passes through fertilizer guide 7 to the scattering device 8 and is distributed over the floor surface. Part of the pressure of the fertilizers loaded into the hopper 3 is received by the unloading bar 6. This reduces the force on the conveyor drive 5. When the hopper 3 is loaded, the slats of the conveyor 5 rake the fertilizers and feed them to the metering device. As the lower layers are carried away, the fertilizers are lowered. The total height of the fertilizer column in the hopper 3 is gradually decreasing. In this case, in the first period of unloading, the fertilizers are lowered evenly (Fig. 4). Two layers of fertilizers are formed in the hopper - I - a movable layer (a layer moved by the conveyor bars to the metering device); II - a fixed layer, which lowers during the operation of the conveyor, and its height decreases as the hopper is unloaded. The boundary between the I and H layers extends slightly higher than the levels of the conveyor, along the plane BV. Thus, the process proceeds until the friction force of the layer I on the layer And, resulting from the tangential stresses in the BB plane (Pk), is less than the friction force of the fertilizers on the walls of the hopper (Fe), i.e. raking will occur with FK Fe. As the height of layer II decreases, the Fe force decreases (the area of contact between the fertilizers and the machines decreases). When FK FG is reached, the fertilizers begin to move in a continuous flow, i.e. the layer merges with layer I. Due to the fact that the dosing device does not pass the entire mass of fertilizers, they accumulate (are unloaded) at the rear of the hopper (Fig. 5). The longitudinal stability of the machine is impaired.

Figures 4 and 5 show the progress of the unloading process without a stabilizer. It was established that the height of the fertilizer column, at which its movement begins not in layers but in a continuous flow, is 0.6 ... 0.8 of the width of the conveyor (supporting table).

The above-described process of unloading the hopper occurs in the absence of a stabilizer 12. The stabilizer divides the solid

flow into two layers, i.e. the process at the end of the discharge proceeds in the same way as at the beginning. Fertilizers at the dosing device are not loaded, and freely exit through the discharge slot to

fertilizer guide 7 and further to the scattering device 8. This embodiment of the machine for applying mineral fertilizers allows to increase its operational reliability and reduce power by 10%,

Claims (1)

necessary for the conveyor drive. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A mineral fertilizer spreading machine comprising a frame with a running system, a hopper with a feed conveyor, over which an unloading bar is installed with inclined side walls tapering in the direction of the metering slit, and an additional wall which is fixed at the base of the bar, characterized in that that, in order to increase operational reliability and reduce power to the conveyor drive, it is equipped with a stabilizer installed in the form of boards installed over the inner end of the discharge bar , SET ..lennoy across the hopper, the gap between the bottom edge of the stabilizer and the supporting surface of the conveyor is equal to height of maximum open unloading slots, the distance from the top edge of the stabilizer to the supporting surface of the conveyor is 0.7-0.8 of the width of the conveyor, and the distance from the wide edge of the discharge bar to the stabilizer is 0.25-0.5 of the length of the supporting part of the conveyor. / 77777 p c 11H Fig 5