RU1797640C - Lake plant for mining slimy soil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to mud development equipment. A shaft 1 is mounted on a floating base with a sludge receiver at its lower end with the possibility of movement. The shaft housing 1 is made open with a free sludge level. The mechanism for loading sludge into transport tanks is a pump 5 or a scooping mechanism (grab) with immersion of the intake part under the free level of sludge in the mine. In the operating position, the shaft is buried in the sludge layer. In this case, the shaft is filled in the upper part with water and in the lower part with sludge diluted with water. According to the law of communicating vessels, the same level of water is established in the shaft and pond. At the same time, the device for the working movement of the lake installation and the electric pump 5, which pumps sludge of natural moisture from the mine to the vehicle 10, are included in the operation. f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

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The invention relates to devices for underwater mining of silty soils and can be used in the development of sapropelic and other sediments in a viscous state from the bottom of water bodies.

A device for the development of silty soils is known, made in the form of an excavator, to the boom of which a container is attached by a pipe, equipped with bolts connected by a cable to the winch drum. When the container is lowered to the bottom of the pond, the gates are held open, and at the desired depth, the gates are closed by pulling the cable. Arrow lift the container from the water and its contents are unloaded in the tank of vehicles .:

The disadvantages of the device are cumbersomeness and low productivity, agitation of water, random development of deposits and mixing of layers of sludge.

A device for the development of silty soils is known, including a screw and a soil pump, the casings of which are interconnected, as well as a silo receiver in the lower part of the screw housing and a soil fluidity indicator, made in the form of a chamber with a float and a flow reflector placed in it, while the chamber is connected with the screw of the auger by means of an outlet with a dispenser, and the bottom of the chamber has an adjustable hole.

The disadvantages of the known device are the penetration of water into the produced sludge, complexity, high metal consumption and power consumption, low reliability .; ;

The purpose of the invention is to reduce material and energy resources, to ensure the natural moisture content of the produced sludge, and to increase reliability.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a lake installation for the development of silty soils, including a screw and a soil pump, the bodies of which are interconnected, as well as a silo receiver in the lower part of the auger body and a soil flow indicator, made in the form of a chamber with a float and a flow reflector placed in it wherein the camera is connected to the auger body via a tap with a dispenser, and the bottom: the camera has an adjustable hole, the body is made in the form of an open shaft with a free sludge level, and a device for lifting and loading sludge, For example centrifugal electropump (the embodiment 1) is configured and installed with autonomous immersion suction part under svo- bbdny level of sludge in the mines. Upper end

mine (option 2) is made in the form of a funnel, the bottom of which is located below the water horizon, and a device for lifting and loading sludge is made in the form of scoop

mechanism, such as a grab. An alarm is mounted in the mine, the float of which is located at the free level of sludge.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section along the axis of a lake installation, option 1; in FIG. 2 - the same, option 2.

The lacustrine installation includes a shaft 1 with a sludge receiver consisting of a bend 2 and a confuser 3, a floating base 4, a submersible monoblock electric pump 5, the suction part of which is submerged under the free level of sludge in the shaft 1. The signaling device 7, mounted in the shaft 1, is equipped with. wives float 8. The electric pump 5 has

a flexible sleeve 9, lowered into the vehicle (barge) 10, cable 11 and suspension 12. The ottoman 1 is mounted on a plate 13, which is connected to the hinge frame 14 mi 15 with the possibility of rotation by an angle of 90 ° or more. Means for the working movement of the installation in a pond are conventionally not shown. According to option 2 (see, Fig. 2), the upper end of the shaft 1. is made in the form of a funnel 16, and the confuser 17 is connected directly to the shaft

1, having a bottom 18. The lifting mechanism has a grab 19. A funnel 16 is connected to the plate 13 by a bearing support 20 ..

The lake installation works as follows. ..:

The shaft device is transferred from a horizontal transport position to a vertical working position with a deepening of the top edge of the confuser 3 into the layer

sludge by the value of Ht, while the shaft 1 is filled in the upper part with water, in the lower part with sludge diluted with water. According to the law of communicating vessels, the same water level is established in mine 1 and

in. At the same time, the device for the working movement of the lake installation and the electric pump 5 are turned on, which in the first seconds pumps water With sludge overboard, after which the operating mode for pumping sludge of natural moisture from the mine 1 to the barge 10 is established with a difference in the Na levels, which is proportional to the hydraulic losses in the confuser 3, the knee 2 and the shaft 1 from the movement of the sludge, minus the backwater created at the entrance to the confuser from the working movement of the installation. .

With equality

 v -F Q,

where v is the speed of the working movement of the lake installation;

F is the inlet cross-sectional area of the confuser;

Q is the flow rate of the pump, the thickness of the Hi layer over the top edge of the confuser remains constant, water does not break into the shaft. A signaling device 7 with a float 8 serves to automatically maintain this equality.

The immersion depth H3 of the pump under the free sludge level is chosen to be less than the amount of backwater created by the working displacement. In this case, when the working movement is suddenly stopped, the electric pump 5 lowers the level of sludge in the shaft by a value of Нз, which is less than the permissible one. After the resumption of the working movement, the sludge level in the mine is restored to its original level.

The installation with clamshell digging works similarly (FIG. 2). The bottom of the funnel 16 is located above a critical level, which prevents the breakthrough of water into the mine. During operation of the installation, a trench 21 forms behind the shaft 1, the buffer layer Hi flows around the shaft, partially fills the trench and prevents water from entering the sludge receiver (provided that the condition v -F Q). The pressure difference outside and inside the shaft creates a horizontally directed force, which reduces the working force of moving the lake unit through the reservoir,.

Confuser 3 is not a required item. The shaft can be made with a vertical or inclined axis, and also with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination. The cross section of the shaft 1 and the knee 2 can be of any shape (circle, square, etc.). The suction part 6 of the electric pump 5 is provided with a trash guard. The electric pump 5 is located in the shaft 1 on the suspension 12 in order to simplify operation. Other options for collecting sludge from mine 1 and crown 16 are possible: a bucket conveyor (elevator), a scraper or screw conveyor, an excavator bucket or a hand scoop (the latter with small volumes of production).

The shaft design provides for its extension, for example, by installing additional sections, turning around a vertical axis by an angle of up to 180 ° (with a bearing 20); inclination by an angle of 90 ° or more (in the presence of a plate 13 and hinges 15) during transportation or with the aim of cleaning the shaft from solid objects accumulated on its bottom 18.

Compared with the known device, the lake installation has significant advantages. It allows you to ensure a stable mode of extraction or natural moisture from a certain layer of the deposit without diluting with lake, sometimes heavily contaminated and contaminated water, which is especially important when using sludge (sapropel) as a therapeutic mud in medicine and veterinary medicine, as well as fodder additives to animals and poultry. The known device allows periodic penetration of water into the soil receiver and into the produced sludge, since the known detector responds to changes in the degree of sludge flow after filling the entire volume of the screw housing from the receiver to the signaling device.

The design of the shaft 1 of the lake installation is much simpler, cheaper to manufacture, and more reliable in operation than a screw housing with a bearing and the screw itself. The level 7 switch is simpler and more reliable than the known yield switch. The ingress of solid objects or algae into the mine 1 together with the sludge does not lead to any damage to the lake installation, which is unacceptable for the known device, since solid objects and algae can jam the screw, clog the outlet, dispenser or adjustable hole.

Due to the absence of a screw in the lake installation, power consumption is reduced.

Formula of the invention

Claims (5)

1. A lacustrine installation for the development of silt soils, including a body mounted on a floating base with a sludge receiver at the lower end, a device for working moving the installation along a pond, a mechanism for loading sludge into transport tanks, and a warning device with a float, characterized in that. what, in order to reduce material and energy resources, to ensure the natural moisture of the produced sludge and to increase reliability, the casing is made in the form of an open shaft with a free sludge level, and the loading mechanism is immersed. The intake part under the free level and in the mine. 2. The installation according to claim 1, about t and h and ya a -. so that the upper end of the shaft is made in the form of a funnel, the bottom of which is located below the water level. ; 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading mechanism is in the form of a pump or scoop type. Direction of travel 17, .N .-:. .-, -. ,.TO-. .. at / S 4. Installation according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the alarm float is located at the free level of silt in the mine. 5. Installation according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that the shaft can be located vertically or inclinedly. 21 at / S Fig