RU1796781C - Crankshaft - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in reciprocating machines, mainly in internal combustion engines.

A crankshaft is known, containing root and connecting rod necks with fillets.

Also known is a crankshaft containing root and connecting rod necks with fillets. The supporting surfaces of the main and connecting rod necks are hardened using induction heating. Before and after hardening, a recess is machined on the cylindrical surface so that its base and edges are in the hardened zone.

Design deficiencies include low processability and performance. During the induction heating of the necks, the crankshaft is deformed, as a result of which there may not be enough allowance for the final processing of the necks, which leads to an increase in marriage in the manufacture of crankshafts.

The recess parameters are not related to the parameters of the necks and their fillets. This can lead either to the fact that the recess surrounds the zone of the highest galley stresses and it sharply reduces the fatigue life of the crankshaft, or to the incorrect measurement of the necks, it leads to an increase in the change of the crankshaft and the engine as a whole.

During operation, the crankshaft is deformed. When grinding the necks for a repair size due to deformation, there may not be enough allowance for processing the necks to the nearest repair size. In this case, the necks are processed through one or several repair sizes, which leads to a decrease in the longevity of the crankshaft, to uneven consumption of the liners of each repair size and, as a result, to significant difficulties in their manufacture and supply of repair enterprises with them .: ..;

The closest technical solution to the proposed construction is a crankshaft containing the main and connecting rod necks with fillets. The surface layer of the main and connecting rod necks with fillets is made in the form of a coating of materials with the necessary tribological properties. :

A known method of manufacturing the crankshaft of the shaft, including the manufacture of the main and connecting rod necks with fillets.

A disadvantage of the known design and the method of its manufacture) is that they do not provide high performance of the crankshaft due to the stability of its properties before and after each restoration.

The design and method does not provide: the preservation of the initial geometry of the fillets when grinding the necks to repair sizes. This leads to a loss of the fatigue life of the crankshaft under variable loads; the persistence of the size of the dangerous section, which leads to the loss of the fatigue life of the crankshaft; preservation of the size of the width of the necks, which leads to a decrease in the resource of the crankshaft according to the criterion of strength and wear resistance, under dynamic loads.

The aim of the invention is to increase the performance of the crankshaft by ensuring the stability of its properties before and after each subsequent repair due to the possibility of restoring the crankshaft resource for wear without loss of resource for fatigue resistance.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known construction of the crankshaft containing the main and connecting rod necks with fillets, these necks are equipped with

additionally, recesses with fillets located symmetrically to the fillets of the respective necks. A fixed element of material with the necessary tribological properties is located in the recess along the entire length. The level of coverage should not be lower than the edges of the transition from the fillets of the corresponding neck to the recess. The length I of the recess, the radii R of the fillets of the necks and the length L of the necks are connected

the ratio

L-2R L-R,

and the radius g of the fillet grooves is equal to 0.5 R; In the recesses, there may be fixed coatings, multiple liners or tape.

;.; The goal is also achieved by the fact that in the known method of manufacturing

crankshaft, including the manufacture of the main and connecting rod necks with fillets, on the necks are additionally recessed with fillets symmetrically to the fillets of the respective necks. The recesses are filled over the entire length with a coating of material with the necessary tribological properties. The level of filling should not be lower than the edge of the transition from the bottom of the corresponding neck to the recess. 06 recessing is carried out over a length; not I associated with the radius R of the neck and the length L of the neck, the following ratio

40

 L-R,

and the radius g of the fillet grooves is equal to 0.5R. Inserts or tape can be mounted and fixed in the recesses.

In FIG. 1 shows a crankshaft; in FIG. 2 - connecting rod and root necks with coatings located in recesses; in figs, 3 and 4 - connecting rod and root necks with inserts located in

recesses; in FIG. 5 and 6 - connecting rod and root necks with a tape located in the recess.

The crankshaft 1 contains the main 2 and connecting rod 3 necks with fillets 4. Neck 2

and 3 are provided with recesses 5 with fillets 6. The recesses 5 are located symmetrically to fillets 4 of the respective necks 2 and 3; In depressions 5 there is a coating 7 of materials with the necessary tribological properties. The level of coverage not lower than the edge 8 of the transition from the fillets 4 of the corresponding neck 2 and 3 to the recess 5. The length I of the recess 5, the radius R, the fillets 4 and the neck 2 and 3 and the length L of the neck 2 and 3 are related by the ratio

 L-R,

and the radius r of the fillets b of the recess 5 is 0.5 R. In the recesses there may be fixed inserts 9 or tape 10.

The method is implemented as follows.

In the manufacture of the crankshaft 1, including the manufacture of the main 2 and connecting rod 3 necks with fillets 4, additional grooves 5 with fillets 6 are symmetrical to the fillets on these necks.

4 corresponding necks 2 and 3. Recesses

5 are filled with a coating 7 of a material with the necessary tribological properties. The filling level of the coating 7 is not lower than the edge 8 of the transition from the fillets 4 of the corresponding necks 2 and 3 to the recess 5. The processing of the recess 5 is carried out on a length 1 associated with the radius R of the fillets 4 and necks 2 and 3 and the length of the necks 2 and 3 as follows relation:

 L-R,

and the radius g of the fillets 4 of the recess 5 is equal to 0.5R. Inserts 9 or tape 10 can be mounted and fixed in the recesses.

Using the proposed design and the method of its manufacture allows to increase the operational quality of the crankshaft, by ensuring the stability of its properties before and after each subsequent repair, due to the possibility of restoring the crankshaft wear resource without loss of fatigue resource, as well as to improve manufacturability in manufacturing and repair due to the possibility of providing an allowance of any advance 5 of a predetermined value, which will allow to abandon the use of repair dimensions of the liners, simplify and x manufacture and supply of repair facilities by them.

The proposed design of the cranked

The shaft 0 and its manufacturing method provide a link between the parameters of the recesses and the parameters of the necks.

The recess should not be in the zone of the highest stresses of the neck, since

5 in the zone. A limited value of 0.5R from each, the edge of the neck, which ensures the safety of the fatigue life of the crankshaft.

Deepening also cannot be

0 is already the initial cylindrical part, determined by the value {(- 2R), which does not lead to an increase in the size of the necks, and, as a consequence, to an increase in the sizes of the necks of the crankshaft and the engine as a whole;

5 In addition, the proposed design of the crankshaft and the method of its manufacture provide:. Preservation of the initial geometry of the neck fillets during restoration, which preserves fatigue life

0 crankshaft; safety of the size of the dangerous section; which preserves the fatigue life of the crankshaft; safety when restoring the length of the necks, which preserves the shaft resource according to the criterion

5 strength and wear resistance under dynamic loads; the ability to restore in advance to create a predetermined allowance due to the thickness of the element installed in the recess, which

0 eliminates the need for repair dimensions of liners and simplifies them. manufacturing and supplying them with repair enterprises.

F. of the invention

Claims (7)

1. A crankshaft containing ring and connecting rod necks with fillets and ring grooves made on the necks of the fillet grooves symmetrically to the fillets neatly smoothly connected to the surfaces of the necks by means of fillet transitions, characterized in that, in order to improve performance by ensuring the stability of its properties before and after each subsequent repair due to the possibility of restoring the resource on the crankshaft for wear resistance without loss of resource for fatigue resistance, in the mentioned annular recesses all over for there is no fixed ring element made of material with specified tribological properties, the outer cylindrical surface of which is not lower than the edges of the transition from the fillets of the corresponding necks to the recess, length (recesses, the radius R of the neck fillets and the length L of the neck are related by L-2RO "SL-R, and the radius r of the fillet transitions of the recesses is 0.5R. 2. A shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the element with predetermined tribological properties is made in the form of a coating. 3. The shaft according to claim 1, with the fact that the element with the specified tribological properties is made of a rolled ribbon. 4. Shaft pop, 1, characterized in that the element with predetermined tribological properties is made in the form of several segmented inserts. 5. A method of manufacturing a crankshaft, including the manufacture of the main and connecting rod necks with fillets, the execution on the necks symmetrically of the fillets of annular recesses with a smooth interface with the surfaces of the necks by means of fillet Fig. D transitions, characterized in that in the annular recesses along their entire length, an annular element of material with predetermined tribological properties, the outer cylindrical surface of which is located not lower than the edges of the transition from the fillets of the corresponding necks to the recess, while the length I of the recess, the radius R of the fillet of the neck and the length L of the neck are performed / based on the following aspect ratio of the indicated parameters: L - 2R 51 L - R, and the radius r of the fillet transitions of the recesses is equal to 0.5R. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the segmented inserts are installed in the annular recesses with subsequent fixation. 7. The method according to claim 5, with the exception that a ring is rolled up into the annular recesses with subsequent fixation. 1796781 Aa AND//--/ (rotated) 1 ,. ± rig6