RU1795346C - Plant for testing materials for strength under action of twisting and axial load - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical testing of materials, specifically, tests for materials on torsion, torsion with tension and compression.

A known apparatus for testing the strength of materials with the combined action of torsion and axial load. The installation comprises a housing, an ampoule fixed on it, grips placed therein for securing a material sample, a drive, a C) screw-type mechanism, the screw of which is connected with the drive output shaft by one lump and the control with one of the sample grips. In order to increase the accuracy of maintaining the Preset ratio of deformosia speeds, the ball screw nut and other grip are rigidly fixed to the ampoule, the drive output shaft is Hollow, and the screw end is mounted on the ball guides. Control is carried out on a crash, axial movement is a function of torsion. The ratio of creep to deformation resistance is determined by the screw thread. The disadvantages of the installation are only the rigid loading mode, the ability to apply only torsional and tensile strains, the difficulty of varying the ratio of the strain rates.

Closest to the invention is an apparatus for testing materials for strength under the combined action of torsion and axial load. It contains passive and active captures of the sample and the drive is loaded, including a pair of screws. In order to provide soft loading of the sample, the screw is mounted axially movable, and the nut is connected with an active grip. The control is torsional, and the axial movement is a function of torsion

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The disadvantages of the installation include only a mild loading mode .. the ability to apply only torque and axial load to the sample, the difficulty of varying the ratio of torque and axial load (only by replacing a screw-nut pair with a different screw thread pitch or screw angle of elevation lines), the inability to exclude axial force.

The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the installation due to the implementation of both the combined effects of torsion and axial load, and their separate effects.

This goal is achieved in that the installation for testing materials for strength under the action of torsion and axial load, comprising a testing machine with a movable and fixed traverse, a housing connected to the fixed traverse, active and passive grippers located in the housing, the screw drive of the load nut of which is made with the flange, through which it is connected to the active grip, has a screw made with a flange designed to communicate with the active grip, and connected to the movable traverse by two the interacting between a thrust bearing, and the device is provided with edges mounted on the nut coaxial to it, a glass having an axial hole in the bottom, two

additional thrust bearings: -: and four additional screws. Active capture passes through the hole in the bottom of the glass with the possibility of their interaction., Each additional bearing is installed between the housing and the corresponding end face of the nut, and each additional screw is installed in the housing near the additional bearing with the possibility of interaction with the side surface of the nut. In this case, if an active grip is mounted on the screw flange, it is possible to jointly effect torsion and axial load on the specimen (the nut is rigidly fixed in the casing with four additional screws) and load the specimen only on the axial load (thrust bearings are removed, and the nut does not interact with the four additional screws). In the case of fastening an active grip on the bottom of the cup mounted on a nut, it is possible to jointly influence the torsion and axial loads (thrust bearings are removed and the nut does not interact with four additional screws), separately torsion (two additional thrust bearings are fixed in the housing, the nut does not interact with four additional screws) and axial load (thrust bearings are removed, the nut can only axially move due to the interaction of the guides on its lateral with erhnosti

four additional screws). The ability to reposition the active grip from screw to nut also expands the functionality of the installation by varying the ratio of torque to axial load. Control from a universal machine can be carried out both by the magnitude of the applied load (soft loading) and by the magnitude of the displacement of the movable beam (hard loading).

The installation diagram is shown in the drawing .-. :

The torsion and axial load tensile strength testing apparatus comprises a housing 1 and a passive gripper 2, which are attached to the fixed crossarm 3 of a universal machine. The grip 2 is attached to the traverse 3 using the axis 4. In the housing 1 is placed an active grip 5 and

a screw drive of loading, including a ball screw pair, the nut 6 of which has a sleeve 7 with an axial hole in the bottom, and the screw 8 is connected to the movable traverse 9 through the assembly 10 with two thrust bearings 11 and 12 and has a flange 13 for fastening the active grip 5. In the housing 1, between the housing and the corresponding end face of the nut 6, two additional thrust bearings 14 and 15 are installed, necessary

in the torsion test of specimen 16. The housing also contains four additional screws 17 designed to rigidly fasten the nut 6 in the housing or to prevent its rotation in it. The active and passive grippers have screws 18 for mounting the sample in grips with a predetermined eccentricity, which, in addition to the torque and axial force, also allows bending moment to be applied to the sample.

The test is carried out with the following sample. The sample is installed in the grips of the installation. Depending on the purpose of the test, the desired loading mode is selected.

The drive of the universal machine is turned on and a test is carried out.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A torsion and axial load tensile testing material installation comprising a test machine with a movable and fixed yoke, an enclosure connected to the immovable yoke and placement of active and passive grippers in the housing, a helical loading drive, the nut of which is made with flange & m. by means of which it is connected with an active grip, characterized in that, in order to expand the functional capabilities due to both the joint action of torsion and axial load, as well as their separate action, the screw is made with a flange designed to communicate with the active capture, and connected with the movable traverse with the help of two thrust bearings interacting with each other, and the device is equipped with mounted edges on the nut, a cup coaxial to it with an axial hole in the bottom, two additional thrust bearings bearings and four additional screws, the active grip passes through the hole in the bottom of the glass with the possibility of their interaction, each additional bearing is installed between the housing and the corresponding end of the nut, and each screw is installed in the housing near the additional bearing with the possibility of interaction with the side surface of the nut.