RU1795220C - Method of optimization of process of drilling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to diamond drilling of wells and allows to increase the accuracy of process control in conditions of sharply applied rock properties. For this, the resource of rock cutting tool (MPI) is set. During the drilling process, at each stage of adjustment, the time of pure drilling, the angular velocity of rotation of the tool and the axial force on the face are measured. The product of these parameters determines the MPI worked out at this stage of regulation. Accumulation of the current MPI is performed. If the current and specified MPI are equal, the moment of complete processing of the rock cutting tool is recorded. 1 ill.

Description

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WITH

The invention relates to the monitoring and control of the process of drilling wells with diamond crowns and is intended to determine operational parameters that are optimal for the minimum cost of one meter of well drilling and to determine the time when the diamond tool is fully worked out with the aim of raising it to the surface and replacing it.

An I-known method of optimizing the drilling process, including measuring the time of clean drilling and the current value of penetration to the rock cutting tool 1, which ensures a minimum cost per well per meter

the cop

STI

expression

(t + tbQC + Gi

(1)

where q is the cost of driving one meter of the well, rub / h;

C is the cost of an hour of operation of a drilling rig; rub / h;

ten - time spent on the trigger. lifting operations referred; one flight, h;

t is the current drilling time in the flight, h;

Cn is the cost of the rock cutting tool, rub;

h is the current penetration to the prodrorashushayuschiy1.y instrument in flight, m.

Upon reaching q qmin, a decision is made to replace the rock cutting tool.

A known device for implementing this method comprises a set of means that convert input values to proportional voltage levels.

sj

y eat

1CHE 1CHE

about

including a converter-accumulator of the current drilling time in the flight, a setter for the time of tripping operations, a setter for the cost of an hour of operation of the drilling rig, a setter for the cost of the rock cutting tool (bit, diamond crown) and a drive-converter for the current penetration to the rock cutting tool, unit for calculating the cost of one meter of penetration, consisting of an adder of the total flight time of the rock cutting tool, a multiplier link, an adder of the current cost of operating the drilling rig new and rock cutting tools and dividing link, as well as a recording device.

However, the known method cannot provide operational control of the drilling process, since the axial force on the bottom of the well and the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool are not measured and adjusted in it, which leads to underutilization of the motor resource of the rock cutting tool and an increase in the cost of drilling one meter of the well.

Closest to the proposed is a method for optimizing the drilling process, including measuring the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool, the axial force at the bottom of the well, the mechanical drilling speed and adjusting the operating parameters.

However, this method does not allow automatic control of the drilling process at the minimum cost of driving one meter of the well’s penetration, as well as the operational control of the development of the rock cutting tool, which reduces the accuracy and reliability of the control of the drilling process in sharply changing geological conditions.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the accuracy and reliability of controlling a well drilling process under conditions of sharply changing strength and structural properties of rocks.

The goal is achieved in that in a method for optimizing a drilling process, including measuring the angular velocity of rotation of a rock cutting tool, axial thrust downhole, mechanical drilling speed and adjusting operating parameters, in addition, the time of pure drilling is measured at each control step, the steps for regulating the motor resources of the rock cutting tool, its accumulation and,

Based on this, the moment of complete development of the rock cutting tool and its lifting to the surface for the purpose of replacement is determined.

This makes it possible to adjust the axial force and the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool so that the value of the penetration of one meter of the well is minimal.

The system operates according to the algorithm

q (C bP) LL (2) where b Cn / Q is the coefficient; p is the axial force at the bottom of the well;

w is the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool;

V is the mechanical drilling speed; Q - motor resource of rock cutting tool, rad / s N-h.

The motor resource of a rock cutting tool is defined as the product of the basic values of P and o for the time the tool is completely worked out under constant re: environmental conditions

Q Pb Cfc t. (3) For each type of crowns and chisels, the motor resource is a constant value.

In order to determine the time of the full working out of the rock cutting tool in order to raise it to the surface and replace it, an operational control of the spent motor resource is performed

Q, | P

hell ti, (4)

where I is the control step.

Owing to the measured motor resource characteristic of each type of crowns and chisels and the operational control of the current residual motor resource, it becomes possible to control the operating parameters of the drilling process with a high degree of accuracy so that the cost of drilling one meter of the well is minimal, since the dependence

Q f (P &) (2) allows you to directly affect the axial force on the bottom of the well and the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool, and the accumulation of products of signals from sensors

the axial force at the bottom of the well, the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool for the time set by the timer in proportion to the worked out motor resource of the rock cutting tool, which allows a high degree of accuracy and reliability to determine the time of complete wear of the rock cutting tool and its lifting to the surface.

The drawing shows a functional block diagram of a device for controlling operational parameters of rotary drilling of wells. The control device for operational parameters of rotary drilling consists of a pulsed sensor of mechanical drilling speed 1DV, a pulsed sensor of angular velocity of rotation of a rock cutting tool 2D (oh, a differential transformer axial force sensor for bottom hole 3DP, the outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of a multipurpose programmable controller 4 PCs, the quality of which is adopted by the commercially available multi-purpose programmable controller Lomikont-110, structurally including two impu An digital-to-digital converter, an analog-to-digital converter, two digital-to-analogue converters, two timers, two adders, a calculation unit, an indication unit and a control panel, including a rock cutting tool cost meter and a rock cutting tool motor resource setting. The first output of a multi-purpose programmable controller 4 The PC through the amplifier of the error signal 5 control unit is connected to the axial force regulator for the bottom hole 6 GK, and the second output, a multi-purpose programmable controller 4 PC is connected to the amplifier of the mismatch signal 7 MU, the output of which is connected to the controller of the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool 8 TP-D.

The speed sensors are based on the rotary, discrete photoelectric switch PDF-5 (Bashkir software Elektroapparat), the axial force sensor on the back as the main element of the DM-E differential electrochemical manometer.

The downhole axial thrust controller is based on a hydraulic safety valve with proportional control of the PVP MK, which is equipped with a BU-1100 control unit, which is an error signal amplifier. The second amplifier is a magnetic amplifier of the BD-2 type TA5: an angular rotation speed controller is a thyristor converter of the KTEU type with an engine of the DP-52 brand; controller - multi-purpose programmable controller Lomikont-110 (PO Elektropribor, Cheboksary).

The proposed method using the described device is carried out as follows.

From the control panel of the multipurpose programmable controller 4 PCs, numerical values are set corresponding to the cost of an hour of operation of the drilling rig, the cost of the rock cutting tool used and its motor resource. During the time set by the first timer, the multipurpose programmable controller reads the number of pulses from

5 of the 1DV mechanical speed sensor, and averages its value. In a similar manner, the value of the angular velocity of rotation from the sensor 2 Dco is read and averaged.

0 For a) const, the multipurpose programmable controller changes the downhole force so that the objective function (2) is minimal; the mismatch signal from the first output of the multi-purpose programmable controller 4 PCs through the amplifier of the mismatch signal 5 control unit is fed to the axial force regulator for the bottom hole 6 GK. Upon reaching a particular minimum, the corresponding value of the axial force is stored by the multi-purpose programmable controller 4 PCs and optimization is carried out along the channel: angular rotation speed - the cost of driving one meter

5 wells in a similar way. Upon reaching a minimum q for a given rock, the values of the axial thrust at the bottom of the well and the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool are kept constant; the response threshold of the multi-purpose programmable controller 4 PCs is set equal to 5% of the value of the mechanical drilling speed, while 4 PCs periodically poll

5 current value of the mechanical drilling speed. As soon as the value of the mechanical drilling speed changes by more than 5% of the established (i.e., geological conditions change), the multi-purpose programmable controller will again begin the search cycle for the optimal operating parameters for the cost of one meter penetration of the well P and ().

At the same time, each average value of the angular velocity of rotation a is multiplied by the current value of the axial force on the face PI and by the averaging time ti, while the spent motorcypca Qi -2 Pi о ti is accumulated, and the current values P, ft are displayed on the identification unit ), v, and residual motor resources Q0 Q - QL Pr and Q Qi, the sound and light signals are sent by the identification unit to replace the rock cutting tool.

Example. The dependence of the mechanical drilling speed on operating parameters is approximated by the function:

V a0 + 2aiP + 2a2 ft +

+ 2azP ft + 34P2 + as оЛ (5) where ao-as are empirical coefficients depending on the rock-crown system. Priao GZO, 955

MO

from

 0.5808

-T-KG

V

31 82;

az

34 -MO

as -1.32 / 10 2, 2481.106 S-C

From 17 rub / change Sp 52 rub

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A method for optimizing a drilling process, including measuring angular velocity ft) | the rotation of the rock cutting tool, the axial force PI on the bottom hole, the mechanical drilling speed and stepwise regulation of operating parameters, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of controlling the drilling process under conditions of dramatically changing rock properties, the diamond resource of the diamond cutting tool is set, and regime parameters of the regulators According to expressions (2), (A) and (5), we obtain the optimal values of the regime parameters of the axial force at the bottom and the angular velocity of rotation of the rock soul tool: P0pt - 8604 N,, 834,., providing a minimum cost of drilling one meter of the well qmin 8.8300 rub / m. Changing slightly the values of operating parameters from their optimal values, we obtain large values of the cost of driving one meter of the well. The calculations are shown in the table. As can be seen from the table, any deviation of the operating parameters from the optimal value leads to an increase in the cost of drilling one meter of the well. At the same time, with manual stepwise adjustment of the angular velocity of rotation of the rock cutting tool to the maximum mechanical speed, we obtain the following results: P 9498.6 N; p - 470 rpm, q 11.12 rubles / m. Thus, the proposed invention improves the accuracy and reliability of the control of the drilling process under conditions of sharply changing strength and structural properties of the rocks. are measured according to the criterion of the minimum cost of drilling of one meter, while at each control step, the time ti of clean drilling is measured, the motor resource QI PI PI ffliti worked out at this stage is determined, its accumulation is made, and if the current and specified values of the diamond resource-cutting tool’s resource are determined the moment of its full working out and its lifting to the surface for the purpose of replacement. I 3