RU1791826C - Differentiating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of automation and computer engineering and can be used in automatic control systems to obtain a signal about a derivative of an adjustable coordinate. The purpose of the invention, the expansion of the dynamic range of measurement of the derivative of a periodic input signal without gaps of the first kind, is achieved by that. that in a differentiating device containing two analog storage. cells, a differentiating unit and a clock, a third analogue memorizing cell, a second and third differentiating blocks, a diode, two blocks for isolating the module, a trigger, a switch, and a controlled discrete frequency divider are introduced. The device generates a signal proportional to the first derivative of the input signal at the output of the second analogue storage cell, and a signal indicating the automatically selected measurement range at the output of the switch. 1 ill. (L

Description

The invention relates to automation and computer technology and may find application in automatic control systems for receiving a signal about derivatives of an adjustable coordinate.

A differentiating device is known for calculating the difference of the values of the input signal integrated over two adjacent time intervals, i.e. performing a differentiation operation with smoothing.

However, such a differentiating device cannot provide the derivative of the input signal in a wide

dynamic range of variation of its values.

A differentiating device is also known, operating on the principle of calculating the first finite difference and comprising in series connected a first analog memory cell, the information input of which is a device input, a differentiating unit and a second analog memory cell, as well as a clock generator.

This solution to the problem is the closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the described invention.

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A disadvantage of the known device is that it does not provide a derivative of the input signal in a wide dynamic range of its values.

An object of the invention is to expand the dynamic range of a derivative of a periodic input signal without a first-order gap.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the differentiating device containing the first connected analogue memory cell in series, the information input of which is the device input, the differentiating unit and the second analogue memory cell, as well as the clock generator, the second and third differentiating blocks are introduced, the third is the analogue memory a cell, a diode, two blocks for module isolation, a trigger switch and a controlled discrete frequency divider, while the output of the first differentiating block connected to the information input of the third analog storage cell, the output of the second analog storage cell, which is the first output of the device, is connected to the input of the first block to isolate the module, the output of which is connected through the second differentiating block to the input of the trigger connected to the input of the third differentiating block, the output of which through a diode, turned on in the opposite direction, is connected to the control input of the third analog storage cell, the output of which is through the second block for the allocation module is connected to the input of the switch, the output of the switch, which is the second output of the device, is connected to the control input of a discrete frequency divider, the signal input of which is connected to the output of the clock generator, and the output to the control inputs of the first and second analog memory cells.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of a differentiating device made according to this invention.

The device contains the first, second and third analog memory cells 1, 2 and 3, the first, second and third differentiating blocks 4, 5 and 6, consisting respectively of capacitors 7, 8 and 9 and resistors 10, 11 and 12, the first and second blocks 13 and 14 for isolating the module, trigger 15, diode 16, switch 17. discrete frequency divider 18 and clock generator 19.

Differentiating device operates as follows.

The input signal to the information input of the analog memory cell 1 is quantized with the frequency of the clock generator 19. From the output of the differentiating unit 4, consisting of a capacitor 7 and a resistor 10, pulses proportional to the current value of the first final difference of the input signal are fed to the input of the analog storage cell 2, where the first derivative of the input signal is extracted.

5 To expand the dynamic range of the differentiating device, the extremum of the current value of the first derivative of the input signal is determined, for which, using block 13 to extract

0 module, a signal is generated proportional to the module of the current value of the first derivative stored in the analog memory cell 2. This signal through the differentiating unit 5, consisting of

5 of the capacitor 8 and the resistor 11, is fed to the input of the trigger 15, which changes its state when the polarity of the pulses changes at the output of the differentiating block 5. The signal corresponding to the negative

0, the voltage drop at the output of the trigger 15 and generated using a differentiating unit 6, consisting of a capacitor 9 and a resistor 12, and a diode 16, is fed to the control input of the analog memory cell 3 and allows the amplitude of the pulse generated by the differentiating unit 4 and is stored corresponding to the maximum final difference of the input signal in this cell. From exit

0 of the analog memory cell 3 through the block 14 for isolating the module, the signal corresponding to the module of the stored pulse amplitude is fed to the input of the switch 17, which controls the operation of the discrete frequency divider 18. If the modulus of this signal is greater than the lower threshold C2 of the switch and less than the upper threshold Ci of the switch, then the frequency of the pulses from the output of the discrete divider 18

0 frequency to the control inputs of the analog memory cells 1 and 2, is equal to the pulse frequency at the output of the clock generator 19 connected to the signal input of the discrete frequency divider 18. If there is a signal module from the output of block 14 to allocate the module is greater than the threshold Ci of the switch or less than the threshold C2. then to the control inputs of the analog memory cells 1 and 2 from the output of the discrete frequency divider 18 receives pulses having

accordingly, a higher or lower frequency, which leads to a change in the quantization frequency of the input signal and, therefore, to a change in the current value of the first final difference of this signal.

Thus, at the output of the analog storage cell 2, which is the first output of the device, a signal proportional to the first derivative of the input signal is generated, and at the output of the switch 17, which is the second output of the device, a signal indicating the automatically selected measuring range of the first derivative, t .e. a signal indicative of a proportionality coefficient relating the magnitude of the signal at the output of the analog memory cell 2 and the true current value of the first derivative of the input signal.

Automatic selection of the measuring range of the derivative of the input signal allows the dynamic range of the measurement of the derivative of the input signal to be expanded, and with an increase in the number of thresholds of the switch, the dynamic range of the differentiating device can be significantly expanded.

Claims (1)

The claims A differentiating device comprising in series connected a first analog memory cell, the information input of which is controlled by the device input, a differentiating unit and a second analog memory cell, as well as a clock generator, characterized in that. in order to expand the dynamic measurement range of the derivative of a periodic 5 input signal that does not have gaps of the first kind, the second and third differentiating blocks, a third analog storage cell, a diode, two blocks for isolating a module, a trigger, a switch, and a controlled discrete a frequency divider, while the output of the first differentiating unit is connected to the information input of the third analog memory cell, the output of the second 5 of an analog storage cell, which is the first output of the device, connected to the input of the first block to isolate the module, the output of which is connected to the input through the second differentiating block 0 trigger, connected by its output to the input of the third differentiating block, the output of which through a diode, turned on in the opposite direction, is connected to the control input of the third analog memory cell, the output of which is connected to the input of the switch through the second block to isolate the module, the output of the switch, which is the second output of the device, is connected to the control input of a discrete frequency divider, the signal input of which is connected to the output of the clock generator, and the output is connected to the control inputs of the first and second swarm of analog memory cells.  Tsvykh