RU179022U1 - MIXER - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to mobile mixing devices of the gravitational type with a drum rotating around an inclined axis. The mixer can be used to prepare building mixtures, as well as to obtain other mixtures, including for the preparation of combined feeds. A reduction in the surface area of the hopper is achieved, from which contaminants flow outside the hopper. The mixer contains a frame with a flip device on which a hopper is mounted, rotating around an inclined axis. In the lower part outside the hopper is provided with a visor around the entire circumference. The lower part of the visor is located below all other parts of the hopper and has a downward slope in continuation of those walls of the hopper, the lower parts of which have a downward slope from the loading and unloading hole.

Description

The field of technology.

The technical solution relates to mobile mixing devices of the gravitational type with a drum rotating around an inclined axis. The mixer can be used to prepare building mixtures, as well as to obtain other mixtures, including for the preparation of combined feeds.

The prior art.

Mixers are known from the prior art (patent for utility model RU 145319, IPC B28C 5/18 (2006.01), 2014; patent for utility model RU 146967, IPC B28C 5/20 (2006.01), 2014; patent for utility model RU 150767, IPC B28C 5/18 (2006.01), 2015), containing, as in the claimed technical solution, a frame on which a flip device is mounted with the possibility of rotation. An engine and a hopper with a loading and unloading hole are located on the flip device. The hopper has the ability to rotate and contains connected to each other bottom and two conical walls.

The engine and the hopper are connected by a mechanical transmission. The mechanical transmission is made in the form of a driving pulley mounted on the motor shaft, a driven gear, fixed motionless on the bottom of the hopper, two intermediate links. The gear wheel is closed by a safety ring fixed to the conical wall.

The disadvantage of these mixers is the design of the hopper, which at the lower point of the outer surface has a wall connection at an obtuse angle. This leads to the following. When using the mixer, the components of the mixture or the finished mixture fall onto the outer surface of the hopper. This may be a mixture remaining on the surface of the hopper after unloading operations. These may be surplus components of the mixture loaded into the hopper, resulting in mixing. These foreign substances, let's call them pollution, flow down the outer surface of a rotating or fixed hopper to the lower point, from where they break down and fall on the platform on which the mixer is installed. Due to the fact that at the lower point the walls are connected at an obtuse angle, the mentioned impurities, being held on the surface of the hopper by surface tension forces, have a large contact area with this surface. This leads to the fact that the separation of contaminants from the hopper requires a relatively large mass of these contaminants. Due to the fact that the hopper rotates, and the contaminants tend to solidify, most of the contaminants solidify on the surface of the hopper, forming deposits. These deposits increase the mass and imbalance of the hopper. This leads to an increase in the energy intensity of rotation of the hopper and tipping operations during unloading.

Disclosure of the claimed technical solution.

The technical problem to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to reduce the intensity of formation of deposits on the outer surface of the hopper during its operation.

The technical result provided by the claimed technical solution is to reduce the area of the outer surface of the hopper in its lower region in the working position. This leads to an acceleration of the discharge from the hopper under the action of gravity of the contaminants flowing down the outer surface of the hopper.

The essence of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that the mixer contains a frame on which a flipping device is mounted rotatably, on which a hopper with a loading and unloading hole is mounted with a possibility of rotation around an inclined axis. It differs in that in the lower part on the outside the hopper is provided with a visor around the entire circumference. The visor is designed so that in the longitudinal section of the hopper when the mixer is in the working position, the lower part of the visor is located below all other parts of the hopper and has a downward slope in the continuation of those walls of the hopper whose lower parts have a downward slope from the loading and unloading hole.

The above essence is a set of essential features of the claimed technical solution, ensuring the achievement of the claimed technical result.

In special cases, it is permissible to carry out the technical solution as follows.

The hopper preferably comprises in series connected upper conical wall, cylindrical wall, lower conical wall, bottom. The loading and unloading hole is made in the upper conical wall. In this case, the visor can be made in the form of a ring or a truncated cone, fixed at the junction of the lower conical and cylindrical walls of the hopper.

The author of the claimed technical solution made prototypes of this solution, the tests of which confirmed the achievement of the technical result.

A brief description of the drawings.

In figures 1 and 2 shows a view of the mixer according to examples 1, 2, 4, in FIG. 3 - view of the mixer according to examples 3, 5.

Implementation of a technical solution.

The mixer contains a frame (1) with a flip device (2) fixed in it with the possibility of rotation (Fig. 1, 2). A hopper (3) is mounted on the flip device (2) with the possibility of rotation.

The overturning device is a bed (6) with a drive (7). The overturning device is fixed to the frame (1), preferably in two guides (8) made in the form of sliding bearings.

On the bed (6) are mounted parts of the drive for rotating the hopper. A hopper (3) is also mounted on the bed (6) with the possibility of rotation. The axis of the hopper can be fixedly mounted either to the hopper (3) or to the bed (6).

When the axis of the hopper is fixed to the hopper (3), the housing (9) of the hopper bearings (3) is rigidly fixed to the bed (6). The housing (9) of the hopper bearings can be made integral with the bed (6). In the bearings located in the housing (9), the axis of the hopper (3) is mounted, welded to the latter.

When the axis of the hopper is fixed to the bed, the housing of the bearings of the hopper is located at the bottom of the hopper. The hopper axis is preferably removably mounted in the bed holder. The bunker axis can be welded to the bed.

The drive (7) of the flip device is made manual in the form of a steering wheel mounted on the axis of rotation of the flip device. Instead of the helm, it is permissible to use one or more linear levers equipped with handles. The levers can be connected to each other to increase the rigidity of the actuator (7). The drive of the flip device can be equipped with a gearbox in which the driven gear is rigidly fixed to the axis of rotation of the flip device, and the drive gear is fixed to the drive shaft (not shown).

The overturning device can be equipped with a brake device to restrain the rotation of the hopper during the unloading process until the overturning device is completely blocked.

The drive of rotation of the hopper comprises a motor (10) fixed on a flip device, mainly electric, and a mechanical transmission. The drive rotation of the hopper is made with the possibility of reverse rotation. The mechanical transmission is made in the form of:

- a drive link mounted on the motor shaft (not shown),

- driven link (11) connected motionlessly with the bottom of the hopper;

- two or more intermediate links.

The torque from the engine (10) to the first intermediate link (12) is transmitted, preferably, by a flexible belt drive (preferably flat V-ribbed or toothed belt), but can also be transmitted by a chain drive. To provide the possibility of adjusting the tension of the belt or transmission chain, the motor housing (10) is mounted on the bed (6) with the possibility of rotation relative to an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the motor shaft. For safety, a flexible belt or chain drive is covered by a protective cover (not shown).

On the same shaft with the first intermediate link (12) is installed the second intermediate link, made in the form of a gear. The housing (13) of the shaft bearings of the first and second intermediate links is rigidly fixed to the bed (6), preferably, regardless of the mounting of the engine (10) in another place of the bed.

The driven link (11) is made in the form of a gear wheel, which is a steel ring, on the outer surface of which teeth are made. The gear engages with the last intermediate link. The gear wheel is welded to the bottom (14) from the outside coaxially with the axis of rotation of the hopper (3). Additionally, the gear wheel can be partially or fully worn on the bottom to center it relative to the axis of rotation of the hopper (3). To ensure the possibility of replacing the gear wheel, it is not welded to the bottom along the entire circumference, but selectively fragmented in several places.

Intermediate links in a mechanical transmission can reduce the noise level of the mixer and increase its reliability. This is due to the fact that the belt or chain transmission compensates for the uneven rotation of the hopper and thus reduces the negative impact on the engine.

The hopper (3) is made in the form of a drum containing a bottom (14) and one or more conical and / or cylindrical shells - walls. The figures show the hopper (3) with the upper conical (15), cylindrical (16) and lower conical (17) walls. The edge of the upper conical wall (15), located opposite the bottom (14), forms a loading and unloading hole (18). The edge of the loading and unloading hole of the hopper is equipped with a metal edging of a solid or hollow section along the contour. As a fringing, a bar of round, square, hexagonal or strip section welded along the edge of the hole of the hopper can be used, as well as a round or square pipe. Instead of fringing, the edge of the loading and unloading hole of the hopper can be adequately flanged along the contour.

The driven link (11) fixed to the bottom (14) of the mechanical transmission is closed by a safety ring (20), fixed to the bottom or to the lower conical shell (17). The safety ring (20) is designed to prevent parts of the body, tool and other foreign objects from entering the clutch zone of the follower (11) and the last intermediate link of the mechanical transmission. The gap between the safety ring (20) and the driven link (11) of the mechanical transmission is chosen to be minimal, taking into account that the last intermediate link of the mechanical transmission is freely placed in this gap.

Outside, in the lower part, the hopper is provided around the entire circumference with a visor (21) made of sheet material. The visor (21) is designed so that it directs down all the contaminants flowing down the outer surface of the hopper (3). To do this, in the longitudinal section of the hopper when the mixer is in the operating position (in the mixing mode), the lower part of the visor (21) is located below all other elements of the hopper (3), has a downward slope and is a continuation of those walls of the hopper whose lower parts have a downward slope (including same longitudinal section) from the loading and unloading hole (18). The visor (21) can be made in the form of a ring, a truncated cone or a hyperboloid (funnel).

Inside the hopper (3), the blades are fixed.

The bottom (14) can be made flat, as well as convex or concave. The convex or concave bottom may have, for example, a spherical, elliptical, parabolic shape.

The mixer is equipped with an automatic device to maintain the mixture in working condition.

Examples of specific performance.

Example 1. The visor (21) is made in the form of a ring fixed in the lower part of the hopper (3) at the junction of the lower conical (17) and cylindrical (16) walls of the hopper (Fig. 1, 2). The visor (21) has a downward slope in continuation of the upper conical (15) and cylindrical (16) walls. The lower conical wall (17) has an upward slope (in the direction from the loading and unloading hole (18)), so the visor (21) is installed between the lower conical (17) and cylindrical (16) walls.

The free edge (22) of the visor (21) is directed downward and has a small surface area, which contributes to the speedy separation of contaminants from this edge of the surface of the hopper.

Example 2. Similar to example 1. In this case, the visor ring (21) is made so wide that in the working position of the hopper it covers the moving parts of the mechanical transmission from above (Fig. 2).

This design of the visor additionally leads to the fact that during the operation of the mixer all foreign objects and substances falling on the outer surface of the hopper drain and slide off the visor under the action of gravity, without falling onto the moving parts of the mechanical transmission covered by it.

Example 3. The visor (21) is made in the form of a truncated cone or hyperboloid mounted in the lower part of the hopper (3) on a cylindrical wall (16) near its connection with the lower conical (17) wall (figure 3). The free edge (22) in the lower part of the visor (21) is directed vertically downward and has the smallest surface area, which contributes to the speedy separation of contaminant particles from this edge of the surface of the hopper.

At the same time, the visor (21) is additionally made so that in the working position of the hopper with stirring, the free edge of the visor (22) forms a flange and is located at the upper point above the neighboring parts of the visor (bent up).

This design of the visor (21) leads to the fact that during the operation of the mixer all foreign objects and substances falling on the outer surface of the hopper drain and slide along the visor due to its trough-like shape in its lower part. From there, they break down and fall on the platform on which the mixer is installed. In this case, foreign substances do not fall from the surface of the hopper onto the moving parts of the mechanical transmission.

Example 4. The frame (1) is two rigidly connected racks (23) with supports (24) (Fig. 1, 2). Racks (23) can be vertical, and can be tilted relative to the vertical plane, in which lies the axis of rotation of the overturning device. The guides (8) (plain bearings) in which the flip device is installed are fixed to the upper ends of the uprights (23). On each rack one such bearing is fixed. The cylindrical housing of said sliding bearing is integral with a straight rod in the form of a forged assembly. This rod fits sideways to the plain bearing housing. The rod is inserted from above into the rack (23), made in this case, hollow from the pipe.

The bushings of the mentioned plain bearings are made of caprolon and are made by casting directly during the assembly of the plain bearing with a flip device installed in the guides (8).

The bed (6) is a U-shaped crossbar.

To increase the rigidity of the frame in the area of mounting the struts to the supports, the mixer can be equipped with spacers (not shown).

The hopper (3) is mounted on the bed (6) between the attachment points of the flip device to the frame (1). In this case, the axis of the hopper can be placed with an inclination relative to the plane in which the U-shaped bed (6) lies.

Example 5. The frame (1) is a vertical strut (23) with a base (24) (Fig. 3). The base (24) of the frame can be made by bending round or rectangular sections from a single billet of a steel pipe, or it can be made by welding billets (segments, arcs) of rolled steel. The guides (8) (plain bearings) in which the flip device is installed are fixed on the upper end of the strut (23).

The bed is a bracket bent at an obtuse angle, having horizontal (25) and inclined (26) sections. It is preferable to make such an arm welded from two straight pipe sections. In the plain bearings (guides (8)), a horizontal section (25) of the bed is installed. The drive (7) of the overturning device is fixed at the end of the horizontal section (25) of the bracket.

At the end of the inclined portion (26) of the bracket, the housing (9) of the hopper bearings (3) is fixed, in which the axis of rotation of the hopper is installed in the bearings.

The claimed technical solution is not limited to the above examples of specific performance.

The procedure for using a technical solution.

The component components of the concrete (or other) mixture are loaded into the hopper (3), the engine is switched on, which transmits torque through a mechanical transmission to the driven link mounted on the hopper. The hopper rotates, mixing occurs with the help of the blades due to gravitational forces.

When using the mixer, the components of the mixture or the finished mixture (contamination) can get onto the surface of the hopper. This may be a mixture remaining on the surface of the hopper after unloading operations. These may be surplus components of the mixture loaded into the hopper, resulting in mixing.

Due to the presence of a visor (21), such contaminants do not accumulate in the lower part of the hopper, but are torn off by gravity.

The resulting mixture is unloaded from the hopper by turning the steering wheel (7) in the unloading position. If it is necessary to unload the finished mixture from the hopper, the reverse rotation is activated, providing a shift of the mixture towards the discharge side, which contributes to the rotation of the hopper and facilitates the process of unloading the mixture. The brake device, pre-configured for the necessary resistance to spontaneous tipping, protects against the rapid tipping of the hopper.

The mixer is equipped with an automatic device to maintain the mixture in working condition. When suspension is mixed, the mixture is prone to settling. To prevent this, the automatic engine starting device turns on the mixer for a time determined by the technological process - the mixing mode. This ensures that the mixture is in working condition and increases the efficiency of use of the mixer.

Industrial applicability.

The claimed technical solution is implemented using industrially produced devices and materials, can be manufactured at any machine-building enterprise and will be widely used in the field of construction, as well as in other areas where preparation of mixtures is required.

Claims (4)

1. A mixer comprising a frame on which a flip device is mounted rotatably, on which a hopper with a loading and unloading hole is mounted rotatably around an inclined axis, characterized in that the hopper is provided with a visor around the entire circumference in the lower part, that in the longitudinal section of the hopper when the mixer is in the working position, the lower part of the visor is located below all other parts of the hopper and has a downward slope in continuation of those walls of the hopper whose lower parts have a downward inclination from the loading and unloading opening. 2. The mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper comprises an upper conical wall in which a loading and unloading hole is made connected to the cylindrical wall, as well as a bottom and a lower conical wall connecting the bottom to the cylindrical wall. 3. The mixer according to claim 2, characterized in that the visor is made in the form of a ring fixed at the junction of the lower conical and cylindrical walls of the hopper. 4. The mixer according to claim 2, characterized in that the visor is made in the form of a truncated cone fixed at the junction of the lower conical and cylindrical walls of the hopper.

Images