RU1789793C - Self-oscillatory vibrator - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: as a drive of vibrating machines. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A pressurized working fluid is supplied through the inlet channel 3 and moves the piston 4, compressing the resilient conical element 5, until the window A opens, which is drained through the liquid into the working fluid discharge channel 2. The pressure under the piston 4 drops and the piston 4 returns to its original position under the action of the elastic element 5. Next, the cycle repeats. The force is transmitted to the consumer through the rod 8. An additional elastic element 11 extends the range of control of vibration parameters by changing the position of the control valve 6 with window A relative to the housing 1. 1 zp f-ly, 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to a vibrating technique and can be used as a drive for vibrating machines in various fields of the national economy.

A self-oscillating vibrator is known, including a housing, a stem with a valve, and a rubber elastic element of constant longitudinal section.

Its disadvantages are low efficiency and the inability to control vibration parameters without stopping the machine and disassembling the vibrator.

Low operational efficiency is due to the fact that for the operation of self-oscillating vibrators, the necessary condition is the presence of a non-linear element (gap, dead zone, stroke limiter or valve) in the feedback circuit.

The feedback in said vibrator is formed by a rubber element of constant cross-section having an almost linear stiffness characteristic. The force and inertia of the working body of most of the vibrating machines operating in shock-free modes does not introduce a nonlinearity element into the feedback circuit. As the operating experience has shown, these hydraulic vibrators realize only low-amplitude (about 0.5 mm) oscillation modes, which is ineffective for a large number of technological processes.

Self-oscillating is also known.

a vibrator comprising a housing with channels

. inlet and outlet of the working fluid, the pusher with a conical elastic element and a control valve placed on

end pusher.

The disadvantage of this vibrator is the narrow range of regulation of the oscillation parameters.

Adjust vibration parameters in

 X: this vibrator is only possible by changing the stiffness of a conical elastic element made of rubber by changing the degree of compression in a limited volume. In this case, the geometric dimensions of the elastic element and, accordingly, its stiffness vary insignificantly and the possibility of controlling the vibration parameters is realized in a very narrow range.

An object of the invention is to expand the range of control of oscillation parameters.

To achieve this goal, the vibrator is equipped with an adjusting cage, the pusher is made in the form of a piston with a rod located on the end opposite the valve, and the elastic element is mounted concentrically to the rod between the ends of the pistons and the adjusting cage, with a gap between its lateral surface and the inner surface clips.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed av: oscillatory vibrator.

The vibrator comprises a housing 1 with channels for supplying 2 and outlet 3 of the working fluid, a pusher 4 with a conical elastic element 5 and a control valve 6. placed on the end of the pusher 4, the adjusting clip 7, the rod 8, interacting with the load /

5 The elastic rubber element 4 is mounted concentrically to the rod 8 between the ends of the piston 4 and the adjusting cage 7, with a gap between its lateral surface and the inner surface of the casing 7.

0 To prevent twisting of the rubber elastic element 4, washers 9 and 10 are placed between its ends.

Self-oscillating vibrator operates as follows.

5 Under the influence of the working fluid supplied through the channel 2, the pusher 4 with the washer 9 moves upward, deforming the elastic element 4 until then. until outlet windows A open. In this case, the working fluid under pressure is discharged through ports A and channel 3 to the drain. The pressure in the working cavity of the vibrator drops, the pusher 4 makes a return stroke under the action of the restoring forces of the compressed

5 of the elastic member 5. At the end of the return stroke, the outlet ports A of the valve 6 are closed and the cycle of the hydraulic vibrator is repeated.

The proposed vibrator rubber

0 elastic element with a conical surface works in compression. Such rubber elements have a substantially non-linear stiffness characteristic, which significantly increases the vibrator’s efficiency in operation,

In the IGD them. A.A. Skochinsky conducted comparative tests of the proposed vibrator and vibrator selected as a prototype. With equal radial dimensions of the vibrators, the proposed vibrator realized oscillation amplitudes of up to 10 mm, while the amplitude in the compared vibrator did not exceed 1.5 mm. Such significantly (up to 7 times) posits5 perturbing force of the vibrator.

The regulation of vibration parameters in the proposed vibrator is carried out (including during operation) by changing the stiffness of the elastic element 4 by changing the degree of pre-compression

its adjusting cage 7 (when compressing a rubber element, its rigidity increases both by reducing the height and by increasing the cross-sectional areas).

Adjustable frequency range in this case (according to the results of experimental

research) amounted to max 1.5 (in proTmin

totipe no more than 1.1).

The adjustable range of the amplitude of movement of the rod 8 was

Amax

1.2 (in

the prototype is not more than 1.1), i.e., despite a relative increase of 2 times, the absolute value of the amplitude control range has remained rather narrow (20%).

This is explained by the impossibility of changing the static position of the valve (changing the degree of valve sinking).

In addition, the occurrence of impacts of the washer 9 against the housing 1 is possible with a large inertial load on the rod 8 (when opening the windows A and making a reverse stroke under the action of the inertial load, the rod 8 goes below the static position, compressing the working fluid).

In order to expand the range of adjustment of the oscillation parameters by changing the degree of recession of the valve, the proposed vibrator is additionally equipped with a second elastic element mounted coaxially with the first elastic element and a rigid dividing washer installed between the main and additional elastic elements (see Fig. 2).

Here, the designations of the vibrator elements do not care. 1, a second elastic member 11 is further introduced.

The elastic element 11 need not have a non-linear characteristic and can be made of metal. In order to maintain the possibility of adjusting the stiffness of the elastic element 5 (which remains the main one) without significantly increasing the degree of tightening of the cage 7, experimental studies have shown that the stiffness of the additional elastic element 11 should be set at least three times greater than the stiffness of the main elastic element 5.

Moreover, the absolute value of the range of control of the amplitude of displacements of the rod 8 reaches 2 with no more than 25% increase in the degree of tightening of the holder 5. The use of the proposed vibrator will allow the creation of machines with small overall dimensions and advanced technological capabilities.

Claims (2)

1. A self-oscillating vibrator comprising a housing with channels for supplying and discharging a working fluid, a pusher with a conical elastic element and a control valve located at the end, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of regulation of the oscillation parameters, the vibrator is equipped with an adjusting clip, the pusher is made in in the form of a piston with a rod placed on the end opposite to the valve, and the elastic element is mounted concentrically to the rod between the ends of the piston and the adjusting ring, with a gap between its lateral surface Strongly and the inner surface of the cage. 2. Vibrator pop. 1, characterized by the fact that it is equipped with an additional elastic element installed between the piston and the main elastic element, and a rigid dividing washer installed between the main and additional elastic elements.