RU1789187C - Potato marketability processing line - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the pre-sale preparation of fruits and vegetables at fruit and vegetable bases and in agriculture. The potato commodity processing line includes a receiving device, a washing and drying device, a tuber separation conveyor, a defect device located behind it, including a conveyor, an optical control sensor and an actuator, a feeder and a weighing device. The line is equipped with an electronic system for determining the affiliation of tubers to a specific fraction and associated device for selecting the boundaries of fractions and a device for changing the boundaries of fractions. The tuber-separation conveyor is a device for calibrating tubers into fractions and installed together with a device for defect between the washing and drying devices, while the conveyor of the device for defecting is divided into longitudinal sections for receiving potato fractions and made roller, and the similarity coefficient of rollers of different sections is in the range 1.2. "3.0.2 sludge. ё

Description

The invention relates to the pre-sale preparation of potato tubers and fruits and vegetables at fruit and vegetable bases and in agriculture.

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity and quality of processing potatoes.

In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a line for processing potatoes; Fig. 2 is a graph showing changes in the composition of the fractions in the product stream.

The line for processing potatoes contains a receiving, washing and drying device, a tuber separation conveyor 1, 2 tuber separation tubes, an optical system 3 for measuring tuber size, conveyors of 4-6 fractions, a conveyor 7 for a defect device for piece feeding and rotation of tubers, a tuber control device 8, an executive defective device mechanism 9, product and non-standard conveyors 10, 11, electronic system 12 for determining the membership of tubers in a given fraction, device 13 for selecting new granules n fractions boundaries device 14 shifts, and a feeder-filling weighing device, tubers flaw detection apparatus 00 has neVI

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how many sections for tubers of different fractions; the sizes of the rollers in sections differ by 1.2 ... 3.0 times. The roller size ratio for tubers of adjacent potato fractions is always smaller than for the extreme fractions, and is, for example, 1.2 for the most common tuber fractions; for extreme fractions this ratio reaches 3.

The uniformity of filling of the sections of the line, intended for processing objects of different fractions, is achieved by means of the moving boundaries of the fractions in the calibration, which ensure inclusion in the fractions, for example, up to 20% of tubers of the neighboring fraction. Qualitative indicators of the technological process are practically preserved.

The line of processing potatoes works as follows. The potato enters the receiving device, then passes through the sink, devices for calibrating and detecting objects, a drying device and then through the feeder to the filling and weighing device (not shown). The electronic system provides control and management of the tuber flow depending on the fractional composition of the flow by changing the boundaries of the fractions taking into account the fullness of the sections of the device for defect detection.

After the tubers are fed into the calibrator 1, the tubers fall into the cells 2 under the optical system of the measured tuber size. The signals, noflY4eHHbie from optical system 3, are compared with the boundaries of the linear sizes of the fractions (for example, a fine fraction if L 25-55 mm; medium if L 55-65; large if L 55-65; large if L 65-80 mm). If the size of the measured tubers falls within the indicated interval, a command is sent to block 14 to lower the cell 2 and the fetus falls down, being on one of the conveyors 4, 5 or 6, which load sections of the conveyor 7 by piece feeding and rotation in the separator substandard. Tubers of one fraction are fed into each section of the conveyor, moreover, than

the size range of tubers in the fraction, the higher the quality of their control.

With the device 8, the tubers are controlled and distributed by the actuator 9 on the conveyors 10 and 11. From the conveyor 10, the tubers are fed for processing in the next process step (drying).

The change in the composition of the fractions is recorded by the electronic fraction counting system 12 by measuring the number of fruits. fine, medium and large fractions for a certain period of time. The counting results in the form of electronic digital signals enter the device 13 for selecting new boundaries of the fractions.

The dependences in Fig. 2 determine some possible ratios of the composition of the fractions (3 fractions, for example) arising from the supply of tubers. In Fig. 2, the following designations are adopted: M - crayon, C - medium, K - coarse fraction, B - probability of distribution of tuber fractions by their size, L - characteristic linear size of tubers (e.g., largest cross-sectional size).

These changes, if they do not exceed 20%, can be compensated by changing the boundaries of the size fractions; for example, if a fine fraction prevails in a stream, then it is necessary to reduce its boundaries by increasing the boundaries of medium and large fractions, etc. To do this, it is necessary to measure the composition of the fractions in the stream and to control the boundaries of the size fractions. Such control is expediently carried out on calibration.

Using the device for changing boundaries 14, the previous program (borders) is changed to a new one. After that, fruits with intervals of sizes having a border offset of 5-20% depending on the ratio of fractions (flow composition) will fall on conveyors 4-6.

The proposed line can be used in the preparation of potato tubers and other root tubers for sale, storage and processing.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Potato commodity processing lines comprising a receiving device, a washing and drying device, a tuber separation conveyor located behind it a device for fault detection, including a conveyor, an optical control sensor and an actuator, a feeder and a packaging and weighing device, characterized in that, in order to increase productivity and quality of processing, the line is equipped with an electronic system for determining the affiliation of tubers to a specific fraction and associated with it a device for selecting the boundaries of fractions and ust-B len on longitudinal sections for receiving with a change of the boundaries of fractions, tuber fractions of potatoes and made roller, separation conveyor is a similar coefficient of different rollers a club section calibrator is in the range 1.2-3.0.  P w t GTTT 70-L-LJ. with: it into fractions and installed together with a device for defect between the washing and drying devices, while the conveyor of the device for defect