RU1787986C - Method of producing long-acting fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

A spent ion exchanger catalyst, which is a composition of KU-2 sulfocationionite with polypropylene with a static exchange capacity equal to 1.5-2.5 mEq / g, or a spent ion exchanger catalyst, representing a sulfocationion composition. KU-2 with partially sulfonated and cross-linked polyethylene with a static exchange capacity equal to 1.5-3.0 MR-ECV / G is treated first with a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, then with a solution of caustic potassium with the total amount of reagents used, providing a minimum residual static exchange the capacity of the spent ionite catalyst, 3 tables,

Description

The invention relates to the production of fertilizers, in particular to the production of long-acting fertilizers on an ionic base.

A known method for producing long-acting fertilizer by mixing ion exchange resin (ion exchange resin) and mineral filler (TalUk, alumina).

The disadvantage of this method is the use of expensive ion exchange resins.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed is a method for producing long-acting zinc-containing fertilizer by treating a solid carrier of synthetic cation exchange resin with an aqueous solution of inorganic salts and drying. As a solid carrier, cation exchanger synthesized from waste from the pulp and paper industry is used.

ate with

the quality of an aqueous solution of inorganic salts is a spent solution of emulsion etching of zinc clichés with a pH of 9.3-9.6. Drying is carried out at a temperature of 70-90 ° C until the water content in the finished product is 15 ± 5 May. %

The gram-equivalent ratio of zinc and ammonium cationites in solution is 1: (2. ,, 5), the mass ratio of solid support and solution is (1: 3) - (1: 4).

As a solid support, cation exchange resin synthesized from pulp and paper industry wastes by polycondensation of lignosulfonic acids of sulfite liquors is used.

The pickling solution is an aqueous solution of a mixture containing, g / l:

Zinc-ammonium complex 50-80 ammonium nitrate 120-160 ammonium hydroxide 10-20

-h 00

4 che

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about

PAVN Not more than 0.38 Diethylbenzene 0.0025 The mass ratio of the solid support and the solution is (1: 3) - (1: 4).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for a preliminary stage of polycondensation of lignosulfinic acids before treating them with etching solution ...- .-,: .. -. „(Ј;: tvor..,, |

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the process while reducing its cost. The goal is achieved by the described method for producing long-acting fertilizer on an ion-based basis, including the treatment of synthetic cathyomite with aqueous solutions of inorganic salts, in which the spent ion-exchange catalyst is used as a synthetic cation exchange resin, which is a composition of KU-2 sulfocationite with polypropylene with static exchange capacity (SOE) of 1.5-2.5 mEq / g or spent ionized shaped catalyst, which is a composition of sulfonic cationite KU-2 with partially lfirovannym and crosslinked .polietilenom s, 5-3,0 mg.ekv / g, and the processing is carried out first with a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, followed by a solution of potassium hydroxide, in the total amounts of the reagents equivalent. residual static exchange capacity of spent ion-exchange catalyst.

 The distinctive features of the present method are the use of spent ionite catalysts as a synthetic cation exchanger and processing conditions; which makes it possible to simplify the process of obtaining fertilizer and expand the raw material base by utilizing industrial waste .- ...-, Composition and properties of fresh-and-used-. catalysts are given in table. 1. Spent catalysts without pretreatment are unsuitable for growing plants. The processing of the catalysts is carried out in order to replace the protons in the sulfo groups of the spent catalysts with potassium and calcium ions. The content of elements in the catalysts after their processing is given in table. 2.

Example 1. 0.5 kg of the catalyst KU-2FPP spent in the process of hydration of isobutylene having a static exchange capacity (SOE) of 1.5 - mEq / g,. placed in a 2 liter glass reactor. A saturated solution of calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) is pumped through the reactor. The amount of slaked lime used was 13 g. A 2% potassium hydroxide solution was then pumped through the reactor. The amount of potassium hydroxide used was 16.8 g. SOE of the catalyst after treatment was 0.1 mEq / g, the Ca content was 1.4% in May., K

-2.7 May. %

Example 2. 0.5 kg of the catalyst KU-2FPP spent in the process of dehydration of tert-butyl alcohol hydrogens having a SOE of 2.5 mEq / r is treated as described in example 1. The amount of absorbed slaked lime is 27.8 g, caustic potassium - 16.8 g. SOE of the catalyst after treatment - 0.3 mEq / g, Ca content - 3.0% in May., K - 2.7 in May. % .-.

5 EXAMPLE 3.0.5 kg of KIF catalyst spent in the production of methyl tert-butyl ether having a SOE of 1.5 mg equiv

process as described in example 1. The amount of absorbed slaked lime

0.1 g, potassium hydroxide 23.8 g. SOE of the treated catalyst 0.05 mEq / g, Ca content 1.2% in May, K-3.3% in May.

Example 4. 0.5 kg of a CIF catalyst treated in the process of producing methyl 5 tert-butyl ether having a SOE of 3.0 mEq / g was treated as described in Example 1. The amount of absorbed slaked lime 37 g, potassium hydroxide - 22.4, SOE of the treated catalyst 0.2 mEq / g,

0 Ca content May 4.0. %, K - 3.1% in May.

The resulting fertilizers were studied in flower and decorative crop production. The objects of study were zonal pelargonium, standing marigolds, Chinese aster and Dugova ovitsa (lawn grass),

The ratio of fertilizer + soil ranged from 0.5: 1 to 1: 1 (by volume).

The results of studies indicate that the application of the obtained fertilizer to the soil had a stimulating effect on. the growth of all experimental plants. Enhanced growth is accompanied by an increase in the height of the stems, the number of leaves and 5. shoots, the number of inflorescences, which is a manifestation of their better living condition. Table 3 shows examples of the effect of catalyst-based fertilizer on plant development (physiological indicators).

The catalyst at the same time plays the role of soil loosening agent.

Observations of plant development and catalyst composition continued for 5 years. It was shown that the calcium content in the catalysts during plant growth did not change much, the potassium content gradually decreased from 2.0-3.3% to 0.5-2.2%. The mechanical strength of the catalyst is gradually reduced,

especially a CIF catalyst, the humus content of the soil increases.

Claims (1)

The claims A method for producing a long-acting ion-based fertilizer, comprising treating a synthetic cation exchange resin with an aqueous solution of inorganic salts, characterized in that, in order to simplify the process while reducing its cost, a spent ion exchange catalyst is used as a synthetic cation exchange resin, which is a KU-sulfocationite composition 2 s poly0 propylene with a static exchange capacity equal to 1.5-2.5 mg-eq / g, or a spent molded ionite catalyst, which is a composition of sulfonic cation exchange resin KU-2 with partially sulfonated and cross-linked polyethylene with a static exchange capacity, brine 1.5- 3.0 mEq / g, and the treatment is carried out first with a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide, then with a solution of potassium hydroxide, with the total amount of reagents used providing the minimum residual static exchange capacity of the spent ionic catalyst. Characteristics of fresh and spent catalysts KU - 2FPP and KIF Table 1 Characterization of catalysts after treatment with calcium and potassium compounds Table 2 ium y The intensity of photosynthesis, mg / m hour 2,, 15 Chlorophyll content % dry weight 6.4310.07 Respiration rate mg C0g / g hour 0.5110.09 The intensity of transpiration, g / mg, hour 58,8t2,2 Photosynthesis rate, mg / m2, hour 1.23 + 0.03 Chlorophyll content % dry weight 0,, 08 Respiration rate mg C0g / g hour 0.27 + 0.03 Intensity of transpiration, g / cm2, hour ЗЗ.вЗ Photosynthesis rate, mg / m2, hour 0,, 01B Chlorophyll content % to dry weight 5,, 022 Respiration rate mg C0g / g hour 0.29 + 0.01 Intensity of transpiration: g / cm2, hour 72i2 Table 3 3.2510.25 t.SOOtO S 8.4810.12 8.5910.11 0.5810.12 0, 06 bw Ao 84.9i2.10 2.1lfO, 11 2.7210.6G 0, , 08 0.76 ± 0.27 0.41 + 0.14 0.4410.20 32.6 GJ, 78 38,, 15 0.909iO, 0291.535t9.03 5, 01 5.47iO, 12 0.64810 0120.6510.35 110ilO I40i20