RU178762U1 - Transformer wheelchair with front-wheel drive attachable. - Google Patents

Abstract

Wheelchair (hereinafter: IR) -transformer refers to individual wheeled vehicles designed for people with disabilities. The drive wheels, mounted on the wheel shafts as part of the crankshaft, are inclined to one another with a local approximation of their edge and with a reduced distance between the wheels in this place until possible contact, so that the diameters of the wheels in the plane of the crankshaft form the sides of an imaginary “letter A”, and the line segment connecting the centers of the wheels forms the crossbar of the specified “letter A”. The specified crankshaft is mounted on the IR frame with the possibility of rotation of the plane around the axis, which in this case coincides with the axis of the middle shaft, at a given angle and fixing it relative to the IR frame. And the ends of the middle shaft are fixed on the IR frame using bearings. To rotate and fix the crankshaft relative to the IR frame, the crankshaft rotation control elements are used: a handle, a chain gear to the sprocket, a mechanism for fixing the angular position of the crankshaft relative to the IR frame and a ratchet / tightening mechanism with switching the direction of the handle's action on the middle shaft sprocket. In the initial angular position of the crankshaft, the points of contact between the wheels of the IR and the OP are placed as widely as possible, while the mode of stable movement of the stroller is provided, as in the wheelbase of the standard IR - sports or other types. The mode is convenient in the parking lot, when stopping, at the beginning and at low IR speeds. Turning the crankshaft 180 ° relative to the initial position so that the points / zones of contact of the wheels with the OP are shifted to the minimum width, we obtain a mode of movement with a minimally narrow transverse base. It allows you to significantly increase the mobility of the stroller: turns in cramped conditions and the ability to move at high speed. If in this driving mode the front controlled drive - a bicycle attachment is attached to the IR (which corresponds to the contact of the wheels of the IR - bicycle attachment complex, close to two-point, on a linear path), then you can set it even higher speed at the same or less energy expended, power . Turning the crankshaft in an intermediate position compared with the two previous modes, we obtain the braking mode of the IR oblique track of the wheels (the track of each wheel is at an angle to the direction of movement of the stroller) with the necessary braking force, which depends on the value of the crankshaft rotation angle relative to the vertical. As a result, with a slight complication of the design of the IR wheel drive, the IR characteristics such as mobility, energy efficiency, ease of use and the possibility of increasing the IR speed are significantly improved, as well as the possibility of simplified switching of driving modes and IR braking. The same when using the IR complex - a bicycle attachment. The proposed wheel mover can be used in many well-known types of infrared (basic, children's, motorized and others), including with an attached bicycle attachment.

Description

The utility model relates to individual wheeled vehicles intended for people with disabilities, as well as to the class of vehicles having a wheeled propulsion device with a different arrangement of wheels relative to the supporting surface. Possible primary use of the patented wheelchair - as an active custom wheelchair or in sports for people with disabilities, in para-sports.

Explanation of terms, abbreviations.

- Vehicle - (hereinafter - TS).

- A wheelchair (hereinafter - IC) refers to a vehicle for people with disabilities (the elderly, the weakened, the sick, the disabled, etc.).

- The application also considers the work of the wheel propulsion unit as part of the IR and its movement along the supporting surface (hereinafter - OP), which we consider as a solid horizontal plane of the earth, asphalt. Although this consideration can be extended to other types of surfaces: curved, inclined, with random irregularities, dispersed, etc.

Since in the proposed utility model the wheel mover of the IR has been substantially changed compared to the movers of the known strollers, we consider, as an analogue of the utility model, the well-known mover of the vehicle having characteristics similar to those of the mover included in the patented IR.

Known walking propulsion vehicle (see RF patent No. 2513348, dated 04.03.2013), containing two identical mechanical paths, each of which is made in the form of a pair of identical disks located at the ends of one fixed axis, supports are installed between the disks on the axes. In this case, the fixed axes of the tracts are connected by couplings with a cranked fixed axis, on which an additional disk with cranked axles connected by couplings to the axes of the supports is mounted. At the same time, each pair of end disks in the propulsion unit plays the role of one whole wheel in contact with the OP (with the ground) during its movement. The mover also contains a control lever for turning the supports relative to the ground by an angle of 90 °. In one position of the lever, the supports on the discs abut against the ground, and in another position they are placed without contact with the ground along it.

In fact, when the bearings abut against the ground, the motion of the mover’s wheel resembles that of the gear on the ground with support on the teeth, and when the bearings are parallel to the ground, the mover turns into a regular wheeled one.

The disadvantages of the analogue. The design of this walking mover of the vehicle does not provide for the possibility of changing the width of the transverse base of the mover and rut when the wheels interact with the OP, compared with the claimed design. Moreover, there is no question of braking the vehicle by changing the location of the wheels, as proposed in the claimed design. Thus, with the external similarity of some structural elements and switching modes, the compared movers solve various problems and use different methods for their implementation.

Various types of IR are known (see, for example, https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Wheelchair - Wikipedia: "Wheelchair"). The site: http://www.dobrota.ru/page/page63.html - provides an overview of many types of IR with examples and images.

Below is a description of the basic IR with options for execution, compiled from the indicated sources.

The standard IR contains a frame, the elements of which form the basis of a chair with a seat, back, handrails, with armrests, support elements for the legs and / or depreciation elements for the user.

A wheeled mover is fixed on the frame in the form of a pair of identical drive wheels with the possibility of rotation of each wheel around an axis coinciding with the axis of its “wheel” shaft and with the possibility of converting the rotational movement of these wheels into translational motion of the indicated IR or reverse transformation when the said wheels contact OP. In the propulsion unit of the standard IR axis, its indicated wheel shafts are mounted on the frame so that the drive wheels are on the sides of the outside of the frame, each in a plane close to vertical.

In analogs, a manual IR drive in motion, in most cases, is carried out using a pair of additional rims of a smaller radius than the main ones, rigidly fixed to the wheels, coaxially with their main rims. The user moves the upper part of the wheel rim with his hands, gaining speed, and this ensures the wheelchair travel in the necessary direction. In addition to the indicated, there are other designs and methods of manual or foot muscular drive of the stroller into motion (lever, chain or gear transmission to the wheels, etc.).

In addition, the IR usually has on the frame a pair of identical swivel wheels in front on the sides of the stroller, with the possibility of their rotation, as well as the rotation of their rotation axes in a plane parallel to the OP. In this case, the rotation shafts of the axis of the rotary wheels are usually mounted on the frame so that the axis line of each rotation shaft of the corresponding rotary wheel is offset by the same relative to the center of this wheel.

Also, in the design of the infrared system, it is usually provided for the presence of elements of its braking unit, which can be actuated both by the user and personnel helping the disabled person move in a wheelchair and stop.

In addition, some IRs provide for the use of a motorized stroller drive unit in motion in addition to muscular or only motorized.

At the same time, the design of the frame itself and the IR elements, including the placement of the mover - drive wheels, as well as the swivel wheels, is close to symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal plane of the stroller perpendicular to the OP.

Also, in a number of designs, it is possible to attach-fasten to the frame of the stroller and disconnect from it the front controlled drive assembly, the so-called bicycle attachment (for example, with manual, foot and / or motor drive), see, for example, http: //www.freeway .by / o-bezbarernoy-srede / kataloq-izdeliy-i-uslug / invalidnye-kolyaski.php or http://etracab.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?id=899.

The design features of a specific bicycle attachment and its attachment to a wheelchair correspond to the design of this wheelchair and the needs of its user.

Common in the design of a hand-held bicycle attachment is its composition. The basis of the bicycle attachment is a rotary rack-shaft, in the upper part of which a manual drive is rigidly fixed in the form of a cranked design of levers for rotation by the user's hands. The lower part of the shaft is usually rigidly connected to the fork, in which the drive wheel and the swivel wheel are mounted, with the possibility of rotation around its axis to drive the structure (attachment and stroller) into motion. The specified shaft is installed and connected with the attachment elements of the bicycle attachment to the IR (through a special shaft holder or through landing bearings) with the possibility of turning the shaft and its wheel to change the direction of movement of the stroller. The transmission of the effort of rotation of the cranked levers to the wheel drive is usually carried out using an asterisk and chain transmission to the sprocket and wheel hub of the bicycle attachment. There are fasteners for attaching the bicycle attachment to the IR, on which reciprocal fasteners should be provided.

The bike attachment is attached to the IR rigid structure with the possibility of detachment. Usually there are from 2 to 5 places / points of connection of the console to the stroller. At the same time, in the fixed state, the bicycle attachment shaft is tilted by the upper part to the IR user and moved away from the stroller to ensure comfortable placement of the user in the stroller attachment structure and its control. At the same time, for the effective use of the drive-swivel wheel of the bicycle attachment, at the time of its attachment to the stroller and securing, the front part of the IR is raised so that the front swivel wheels of the stroller do not interfere with movement.

In addition, almost always the unit includes a manual braking unit for the wheel of the set-top box, other structural options are possible: speed switch, light signals, etc.

Since it is a wheelchair (IK) with a new mover that is patented in this application, the features of the indicated stroller related to the bicycle attachment, such as the fastening elements of the IR to the bicycle attachment, are considered known, insignificant and not patented. Also, the bike attachment itself is not patented.

The disadvantages of the above analogs-IR will be noted below when analyzing the disadvantages of the prototype.

Of the above analogues, closer to patentable IR are active IR and sports IR.

Active wheelchairs. Due to the flexible system of adjustments (the number of which reaches 40), the active stroller can be adjusted taking into account the individual characteristics of a particular person: height, weight, body constitution, limitation of motor function. Active strollers are designed for people with disabilities who lead an active lifestyle, move a lot and often, want to have maximum mobility and maneuverability.

Sports carriages. Wheelchairs are designed for professional sports, including racing, and dancing. Such strollers are made to order, taking into account all the features of the planned operation. In this case, especially durable materials are used that can withstand extreme sports loads.

Sports infrared weigh much less than standard base strollers (8-14.5 kg). This lightness is achieved through a frame made of special light alloys, a reduced diameter of the front wheels, a specially modeled backrest and minimal armrests.

The sports carriage, which is taken as a prototype of a utility model (see, for example, http://www.supporting.su/otzyvy/kakie_byvayut_invalidnye_kolyaski), has the same elements as other carriages: a frame in the form of a chair with the corresponding accessories, a drive mover in the form of a pair of drive wheels, a pair of swivel wheels, a possible braking system.

An additional feature of the sports carriage, compared to the analogues considered above, with the same other parameters, is that in the drive propulsion of the sports IR, the axes of the indicated wheel shafts are tilted relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the carriage so that the drive wheels are tilted to the top part to each other and to this plane, while remaining placed externally on the sides of the stroller. Here, as in other analogues, the manual wheelchair drive is carried out using a pair of additional rims of a smaller radius than the main rim, rigidly mounted on the drive wheels, coaxially with their main rims. There is a possibility of using sports IR after attaching / attaching it to a bicycle attachment.

The main disadvantage of the well-known IR, including the prototype sports carriage, in comparison with the carriage with the new patented propulsion is the fact that the known carriage has an unchanged 2-track (4-wheel) scheme or also an unchanged 3-track (3-wheel) scheme, initially incorporated in the design of the stroller or obtained by attaching a bicycle attachment. Thus, the well-known IRs do not have the possibility of mobile changing the rut pattern on the go, which does not allow the active user to use the maneuvering capabilities in conditions of tightness, changing speed and braking with an “oblique footprint” compared, for example, with a stroller with a new patented propulsion device, in which changes in driving mode can be made with a single crank control.

This drawback is especially apparent when using a sports IR along with a bicycle attachment. The main task of the user of a sports wheelchair for disabled is to increase the speed, maneuverability and mobility of the stroller during movement. In this case, the impossibility (for the known stroller) of mobile switching of the rut from a three-track stable scheme to a practically single-track linear scheme in the process of high-speed movement of the stroller, and vice versa, is a serious obstacle to increasing its mobility.

Explanation of terms (continued) to the technical solution described below.

- Crankshaft (hereinafter we write - crankshaft).

- When we write about the material component of the crankshaft design and its constituent elements, we use the term “shaft”, and when we write about the rotation, rotational movement of these material elements (shafts or the entire crankshaft) around an axis or about geometric concepts, we use the term “axis” . Moreover, in some cases, the concept of "shaft" may coincide in meaning with the concept of "axis".

- In the patented IR wheels of the mover are driving wheels, the dimensions of which in most strollers are usually much larger than the dimensions of the swivel wheels. Therefore, upon further consideration of the geometry of the arrangement and design of the wheels of the stroller, it means precisely the wheels of the propulsion device of the IR, unless otherwise noted.

- Next, the concept of "geometric center of the wheel IR" is used, which refers to each of a pair of these drive wheels. Conventionally, we can assume that the geometric center of the wheel of the IR is the center of the wheel circumference that interacts with the OP, it is close to the center of the wheel circumference of the greatest radius and is located on the axis of its rotation.

We have the following technical result of the claimed IR-transformer for individual use (without a bicycle attachment).

- Using the new IR mover allows the user to move in different modes (see below: mode a, b or c), by switching these modes with one “crankshaft rotation control” knob (while the crankshaft rotates around an axis that is perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of the stroller, which , in turn, is perpendicular to the OP).

- Mode a. By turning the crankshaft with the indicated handle so that the contact points / zones of the wheels of the IR with the OP are placed as wide as possible, the user will ensure the mode of stable movement of the stroller (four-point contact of all wheels of the stroller with the OP).

In fact, the mode a of the patented IR corresponds to the state of the wheelbase of the known standard IR (both sports and other types).

This stable mode is convenient for the user in the parking lot, when stopping, at the beginning and at low IR speeds. In this case, the IR stability will be the greater, the lower the axis of crankshaft rotation from the indicated line of wheel centers.

- Mode b. By turning the crankshaft with the indicated handle so that the points / contact zones of the wheels with the OP are shifted to the minimum width, a different mode of movement of the stroller (close to the three-point contact of all wheels of the stroller with the OP) will be provided, which will significantly increase the mobility of the stroller: turns in cramped conditions and the ability to move at high speed.

- Mode c. By turning the crankshaft with the indicated handle so that the points / zones of contact of the wheels with the OP are at a distance from each other in some intermediate value between the maximum and minimum, it is possible to provide the braking mode of the stroller with an “oblique track” (when the track of each wheel is located at an angle to the direction of movement of the stroller ), with the necessary braking force, which depends on the value of the angle of rotation of the crankshaft relative to the vertical.

When attaching the IR to the bike attachment, the small swivel wheels are raised above the OP and do not touch it.

In the case of using IR complete with an attached bicycle attachment, the technical result is as follows.

- In the IR-bike set-up complex with the appropriate angular position of the IR crankshaft (when the position of the wheels on the “wheel” shafts / axles of the crankshaft is set so that the tracks of these wheels on the OP are spaced apart to the maximum width), a (three-point) basic diagram wheel contact with the OP (namely, the IR motion mode a: two contacts of the driving wheels of the IR, maximally spaced at the OP, and one contact of the wheel of the bicycle attachment, this wheel can also be the leading one). The driving mode a is convenient at the beginning of the movement and at low speeds of the stroller.

- After accelerating the IR and turning the control knob to rotate the crankshaft to set the crankshaft angular position 180 ° from the position relative to mode a, the IR wheels are set so that their tracks on the OP are brought together to a minimum distance, driving mode 6 is formed (which corresponds to the contact of the wheels complex infrared bicycle attachment, close to two point, on a linear path).

- The advantage of a narrow transverse infrared base, both individual and complete with a bicycle extension, in the maneuverability and obedience of the stroller in motion when controlling the user. And also the ability to ask her a higher speed at the same or less energy expended, power. At the same time, in contrast to the previous regime, the center of gravity of the IR rises accordingly.

- Also, the design of the claimed IR allows, by moving the same crank crank control handle, to switch the mode of movement of the stroller from one of the above modes (a or b) of rolling the IR to mode (c) of its braking by the so-called “oblique track of wheels” or back to mode a or b. In this case, the user's choice of crankshaft position at a given angle of rotation to the vertical (or to the frame of the stroller) allows you to set a fixed width of the transverse and longitudinal base of the wheels of the stroller (within the range from maximum to minimum width), the size and direction of the angle of inclination of the track of the wheels to the direction of movement of the stroller (which determines the force and features of its braking when adjusting the handle smoothly or discretely), as well as the corresponding variable clearance, the height of the center of gravity and the length of the longitudinal support wheel ba Threat IR.

- As a result, with a slight complication of the design of the IR wheel drive, the IR characteristics such as mobility, energy efficiency for the user, ease of use and the possibility of increasing the IR speed, as well as the possibility of simplified switching of driving modes in different conditions and IR braking, are significantly improved. Including when using the complex IR-bike attachment.

Although the advantages of the utility model are most pronounced in active and sports IR, the proposed wheel mover can be used in many well-known types of IR (basic, children’s, motorized and others), including with an attached bicycle attachment.

The specified technical result is achieved in IR with an attachable front-wheel drive - a bicycle attachment containing

a frame, the elements of which form the basis of a chair with a seat, back, handrails and foot support elements,

wheelchair braking elements,

a drive wheel mover mounted on the frame, in the form of a pair of identical drive wheels, with the possibility of rotation of each wheel around an axis coinciding with the axis of the “wheel” shaft on which it is mounted, and converting the rotational movement of these wheels into translational motion of the indicated IR or reverse transformation the contact of these wheels with the OP, while in the composition of the mover IR there are additional elements for the manual drive of the stroller into motion,

while the axis of the pair of wheel shafts of the propulsion device and the wheels mounted on them have a given inclination at an angle to each other,

a pair of identical swivel wheels, with the possibility of their rotation, as well as the rotation of their axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the OP,

the design of the frame and IR elements, including the mover with drive wheels, as well as the swivel wheels, is close to symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal median plane of the stroller perpendicular to the OP,

and the connection points of the IR to the bicycle attachment are placed so that with the indicated connection the swivel wheels of the stroller are raised above the OP and do not interfere with its movement,

characterized in that said IR is a transformer structure in which the stroller’s own propulsive drive comprises a crankshaft consisting of integrally made sections of which one section is the middle shaft / axle and two sections are a pair of the above mutually inclined wheel shafts / axes

moreover, the indicated axes of the crankshaft lie in the same plane — in the plane of the crankshaft, while the axis of the middle shaft is parallel to the straight line segment connecting the centers of the wheels of the mover, and at the same time, due to the mutual tilt of its wheel axles, the wheels of the mover are also inclined mirror symmetrically to one another at a given angle with a local approach of the edge of the wheels, and with a reduced distance in this place between them, up to possible contact, so that the diameters of the wheels in the plane of the crankshaft form the sides of an imaginary "letter A", and the straight line segment connecting the centers of the wheels forms the crossbar of the specified "letter A", also located in the plane of the crankshaft,

while the specified crankshaft is mounted on the IR frame with the ability to rotate the plane of the crankshaft at a predetermined angle around its axis coinciding with the axis of the middle shaft, and fixing it relative to the IR frame using structural elements that support the specified crankshaft rotation,

while to rotate and fix the angular position of the crankshaft relative to the IR frame, passive and / or active crankshaft rotation controls are used.

In particular, in IR, two identical rims are additional elements for manually driving a stroller, each of which is fixed coaxially with one of the drive wheels of the stroller, with an additional rim radius smaller than the radius of the rim of the corresponding drive wheel.

In particular, in the IR axis of rotation of the crankshaft is in paraxial proximity to a straight line connecting the centers of the wheels of the mover.

In particular, in IR, structural elements supporting the rotation of the crankshaft around its axis are bearings or hinges.

In particular, in the IR crankshaft rotation control element is a handle or crank, turning which the IR user rotates the crankshaft.

In particular, in the IR elements for controlling the crankshaft rotation are elements of the transmission of force to rotate the crankshaft, a freewheeling, ratchet mechanism with a switch for the direction of rotation of the crankshaft, and also elements for fixing the angle of rotation of the crankshaft relative to the wheelchair frame.

In particular, in the IR crankshaft rotation controls are arranged in the crankshaft rotation control unit.

In particular, in IR, the crankshaft rotation angle around the rotation axis relative to the IR frame has values up to ± 360 ° or more.

In particular, in IR, the crankshaft angle of rotation around the axis of rotation relative to the IR frame has values less than the full revolution by the angular size of the stationary elements of the stroller, which prevent the rotation of the crankshaft with wheels.

In particular, in IR one wheel or each of a pair of wheels of the IR mover is made in the form of a motor wheel with an electric motor.

The utility model is illustrated by an example, which is illustrated by figures 1-6.

FIG. 1. A simplified drawing of a wheelchair (IR) with a bicycle attachment attached to it (side view) is shown.

FIG. 2. The same stroller as in FIG. 1 (rear view). The crankshaft is turned in such a position that the tracks on the wheels of the IR wheels are at a maximum distance from each other. For clarity, the attachment attached to the stroller is not shown.

FIG. 3. The same stroller as in FIG. 1 (rear view). The crankshaft is turned in such a position that the tracks on the wheels of the IR wheels are at a minimum distance from each other. A bicycle attachment attached to the stroller is not shown.

FIG. 4. The top view shows the position of the middle shaft, the wheel shafts of the crankshaft and the wheels of the propulsion device IR, for various angular positions of the crankshaft relative to the vertical to the OP (see explanations in the description of the example).

(Designations:

the sign Δ is the point / zone of maximum approach of the wheels of the mover 4.1, 4.2, the same as the top of the imaginary "letter A";

-> - vehicle direction vector;

O.P. - supporting surface;

= - designation of the trace of each wheel at the moment of contact with the OP).

FIG. 5. The control unit for crankshaft rotation (axonometric projection) is schematically shown.

FIG. 6. The ability to attach the crankshaft to the IR frame on the outside of the wheels (while sprocket 10 and traverse 1.2 are not used).

As an example, consider a sport-type infrared with a front-wheel drive already attached to it - a bicycle attachment. The stroller (see Fig. 1-3) contains a frame 1, the elements of which form the basis of a chair with a seat, back, handrails, with possible armrests, depreciation elements for the user and support legs. Own drive wheel drive 2 IR mounted on the frame 1 under the seat 1.1, contains a crankshaft 3, consisting of rigidly fastened or made as a whole, sections, of which

two sections 3.1, 3.2 are a pair of mutually inclined “wheel” shafts / axles, on each of the shafts there is fixed an identical drive wheel 4.1, 4.2, with the possibility of rotation around an axis coinciding with the axis of its wheel shaft 3.1, 3.2, and one section of the crankshaft 3 is the middle shaft / axis 3.3, and the indicated crankshaft axes lie in the same plane — in the plane of the crankshaft 3.

In this case, the axles of the pair of wheel shafts 3.1, 3.2 of the propeller crankshaft and the wheels 4.1, 4.2 mounted on them have a given inclination at an angle to each other symmetrically with respect to the median longitudinal plane IR, perpendicular to the OP.

In this case, for a manual wheelchair drive into motion on each wheel of the wheelchair, it is possible to rigidly fix the same additional rim 5.1, 5.2 of smaller radius than the main rim of the corresponding wheel 4.1, 4.2, coaxially with it.

In addition, in addition to the existing shafts, the composition of the crankshaft may have two end sections, in the form of end shafts 3.4, 3.5 with one common axis, which also lies in the plane of the crankshaft 3 (the shafts are indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 6).

The IR also contains a pair of identical swivel wheels 6.1, 6.2, with the possibility of their rotation, as well as the rotation of their axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the OP, with each shaft 6.3, 6.4 of rotation of the axis of each of the swivel wheels mounted on the frame 1 of the stroller so that the axis the rotation of this shaft 6.3, 6.4 is offset by the same distance relative to the center of the corresponding swivel wheel 6.1, 6.2.

Moreover, the design of the frame and IR elements, including its own propeller 2 with drive wheels 4.1, 4.2, as well as swivel wheels 6.1, 6.2, is close to symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal median plane of the stroller perpendicular to the OP.

In the design of the IR there are elements of its braking unit (not shown in the figures).

A feature of propulsion device 2 of the patented IR is that the drive wheels 4.1, 4.2, mounted on the wheel shafts 3.1, 3.2, are inclined to each other with a local approximation of the edges of these wheels, and with a reduced distance in this place between them, up to possible contact, that the diameters of the wheels 4.1, 4.2 in the plane of the crankshaft 3 form the sides of the imaginary "letter A", and the segment of the straight line connecting the centers of the wheels forms the crossbar of the specified "letter A", also located in the plane of the crankshaft 3.

In this case, the specified crankshaft 3 is mounted on the IR frame 1 with the possibility of rotating its plane by a predetermined angle and fixing it relative to the IR frame 1 around the axis of rotation of the crankshaft 3, which in this case coincides with the axis of the middle shaft 3.3, is in paraxial proximity to a straight line segment, connecting the centers of the wheels of the mover, and sections of the shaft / shafts, the axes of which coincide with the specified axis of rotation of the crankshaft 3, are mounted on the frame 1 IR using hinges, bearings 7 and / or other structural elements supporting the specified rotation of the crankshaft Ala 3 at a given angle.

In this case, the rotation and fixing of the angular position of the crankshaft 3 relative to the IR frame 1 is carried out manually using the crankshaft rotation control elements arranged in the same node (an example of the construction of the crankshaft rotation control unit 3 is shown in axonometric projection in Fig. 5). Such elements are: a handle 8, a chain transmission 9 connected to it (two links: a chain 9.1 and a chain 9.2) to an asterisk 10 coaxially fixed in the middle of the middle shaft 3.3 of the crankshaft 3, and a mechanism 11 for fixing the angular position of the crankshaft 3 relative to the IR frame 1, and also the link 12 of the ratchet / tightening mechanism with the ability to switch the direction of influence of the handle 8 on the sprocket 9 of the middle shaft. 3.3. Here, as an element of the frame 1, supporting the transfer of control from the handle 8 to the sprocket 10, an additional traverse 1.2 is used. In this example, the specified position fixing mechanism 11 and the ratchet / tightening mechanism 12 are mounted on another sprocket 13, directly at the handle 8 of the crankshaft rotation control unit 3. Moreover, the rotation and fixing of the angular position of the crankshaft 3 relative to the IR frame 1 can also be carried out using other passive and / or active crankshaft rotation controls 3.

To support the rotation of the crankshaft 3 relative to the IR frame 1, you can use the end shafts 3.4, 3.5, (see Fig. 6) while the axis of rotation of the crankshaft 3 coincides with the common axis of the end shafts 3.4, 3.5, which are fixed in the bearings 7 to the frame 1 outside the wheels 4.1, 4.2, and the sprocket 14, to which the force is transmitted from the crank crankshaft control handle 8 3, is also fixed on one or both of the end shafts 3.4 and / or 3.5 outside the wheels 4.1, 4.2, and not on the middle crankshaft 3.3 3.

The front driven IR drive is attached to the front of the IR in motion (this is the so-called bicycle attachment 15), in this case (see Fig. 1) the manual drive is 16, although it can be foot and / or motor, for example, in the form of an electric motor -wheels. The bicycle attachment 15 includes a rotary wheel, it is also a drive wheel 17.

Attachment and fastening of the bicycle attachment 15 to the IR is carried out using connecting elements 18. At the same time, the rotary wheels 6.1, 6.2 of the IR are raised above the OP so that they do not interfere with the movement of the IR bicycle attachment complex.

Description of the work of IR without a bicycle attachment. The user drives the IR into motion by turning the additional rims 5.1, 5.2 on the drive wheels 4.1, 4.2 with his hands.

Usually, the initial position of the IR propulsion unit 2 is such a (initial) angular position of the crankshaft 3 (see Fig. 2), in which the contact points / zones of wheels 4.1 and 4.2 of the IR with the OP are placed as wide as possible. When the IR moves in this mode (we denote mode a), we have a 4-point contact of wheels 4.1, 4.2 of the propulsion unit 2 and the swivel wheels 6.1, 6.2 of the stroller with the OP, close to the state of the wheelbase of the known standard IR (both sports and other types ) In this case, the letter A, composed of the diameters of the wheels 4.1, 4.2 and a straight line segment connecting the centers of these wheels, is located vertically in the plane of the crankshaft 3, with the top up.

This stable mode is convenient for the user in the parking lot, when stopping, at the beginning and at low IR speeds. In this case, the IR stability will be the greater, the lower the axis of rotation of the crankshaft 3 from the indicated line of wheel centers and the wider the transverse wheel base.

To increase the speed of movement and increase the maneuverability of the IR, the crank crankshaft 3 control handle 8 rotates the crankshaft 3 around the rotation axis 180 ° so that the diameters of the wheels 4.1, 4.2 and the segment connecting their centers form the letter A, turned upside down relative to the OP (see. Fig. 3).

Moreover, if the crankshaft 3 is rotated by the handle 8 by an angle smaller than the required one (for example, by an angle less than 180 °), then the ratchet / tightening mechanism 12 (with the direction of rotation of the crankshaft 3 switch) makes it possible to sequentially change the angle of rotation of the crankshaft 3 , to the desired value in a given direction, and the locking mechanism 11 sets the stationary fixed angular position of the crankshaft 3 relative to the frame 1 IR.

Moreover, in this mode of movement (which we denote as mode b), the points / zones of contact of the wheels 4.1, 4.2, the IR with the OP are placed at a minimum distance from each other (i.e., the minimum transverse base close to the single-track rolling of the wheels of the propulsion unit 2). Thanks to this, the mobility of the stroller is increased: turns are provided in cramped conditions and the ability to move at high speed.

The IR is braked using the wheels 4.1, 4.2 of the propulsion unit 2 set to a certain intermediate position (by turning the crankshaft 3 by the indicated handle 8 to the corresponding intermediate angle), compared to the position of the wheels 4.1, 4.2 in the driving modes a and 6 (we denote this braking mode as mode c). In this case, depending on the specific value of the angle of rotation of the crankshaft 3, an appropriate angle is established between the longitudinal segments of the track of the wheels 4.1,4.2 and the braking force of the IR is determined.

Since the track of each wheel 4.1, 4.2 is located at an angle to the direction of movement of the stroller, this mode is called the “braking mode of the oblique track”. If the apex of the angle formed by the longitudinal segments of the track of the wheels 4.1, 4.2 coincides with the direction of the IR movement, then such braking is called "braking by the plow", and if directed in the opposite direction, then "braking by the anchor".

In FIG. 4 (view of the IR mover from above) shows a series of angular positions of the crankshaft 3 relative to the vertical beam (the so-called “initial beam”) upward from the OP released from the midpoint of the mid-shaft 3.3, the corresponding positions of the wheels 4.1, 4.2 of the mover and the contact areas of these wheels with OP. Moreover, in position:

1 crankshaft rotation angle is 0 °, we have a rolling mode a;

3 - 90 °, - braking mode in the "plow";

5 - 180 °, - rolling mode b;

7 - 270 °, - braking mode in the "anchor";

9 coincides with 1 - 360 ° / 0 °, - rolling mode a.

As a result of the attachment / fixing of the bicycle attachment 15 to the IR and with the corresponding angular position of the crankshaft 3 in the rolling mode a, the tracks of the indicated wheels 4.1, 4.2 on the OP are spaced apart to the maximum width, and a (initial, basic) three-point contact diagram of the wheels with the OP is formed: two wheels 4.1, 4.2 of their own mover 2 IK and wheel 17 of the bicycle attachment. The wheel 17 of the set-top box is functionally the driving wheel of the drive. This mode is convenient for the user in the parking lot, when stopping, at the beginning and at low speeds of the IR-bike set-top box complex.

After accelerating the complex, turning the knob 8 to control the rotation of the crankshaft 3, and correspondingly turning the crankshaft 3 180 ° from the position, relative to mode a, the wheels 4.1, 4.2 of the IR are installed so that their tracks on the OP are brought together to a minimum distance, the mode of movement 6 ( which corresponds to the contact of the wheels 4.1, 4.2 of the complex IR-bike-attachment, close to two point, on a linear path). At the same time, the maneuverability and obedience of the IR-bike set-top box in motion is greatly increased when the user is controlled. And also in the ability to ask him a higher speed at the same or less energy expended, power.

Using the same crank crankshaft 3 control handle 8, the IR-bike set-up complex can be set to “oblique footprint” braking, while convenient control of the complex’s rotation, compared to the isolated IR, can better ensure its stability under braking.

Claims (21)

1. Wheelchair with attachable front-wheel drive - bicycle attachment, containing a frame, the elements of which form the basis of a chair with a seat, back, handrails and foot support elements, wheelchair braking elements, a drive wheel mover mounted on a frame in the form of a pair of identical drive wheels with the possibility of rotation of each wheel around an axis coinciding with the axis of the “wheel” shaft on which it is mounted, and converting the rotational movement of these wheels into the translational movement of the indicated wheelchair or reverse transformation upon contact these wheels with a supporting surface (OP), while in the composition of the mover IR there are additional elements for manually driving the stroller into motion, while the axis of the pair of wheel shafts of the propulsion device and the wheels mounted on them have a given inclination at an angle to each other, a pair of identical swivel wheels with the possibility of their rotation, as well as the rotation of their axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the OP, the design of the frame and elements of the wheelchair, including the mover with drive wheels, as well as swivel wheels, is close to symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal median plane of the wheelchair perpendicular to the OP, and the places where the wheelchair is connected to the bicycle attachment are placed so that, with the indicated connection, the swivel wheels of the wheelchair are raised above the OP and do not interfere with its movement, characterized in that said wheelchair is a transformer structure in which the driving propulsion of the wheelchair comprises a crankshaft consisting of integral sections made of which one section is the middle shaft / axle and two sections are a pair of the above mutually inclined wheel shafts / axles , moreover, the indicated axes of the crankshaft lie in the same plane — in the plane of the crankshaft, while the axis of the middle shaft is parallel to the straight line segment connecting the centers of the wheels of the mover, and at the same time, due to the mutual tilt of its wheel axles, the wheels of the mover are also inclined mirror symmetrically to one another at a given angle with a local approach of the edge of the wheels and with a reduced distance in this place between them until possible contact, so that the diameters of the wheels in the plane of the crankshaft form the sides of an imaginary "letter A", and the straight line segment, connecting the centers of the wheels, forms the crossbar of the specified "letter A", also located in the plane of the crankshaft, while the specified crankshaft is mounted on the frame of the wheelchair with the possibility of rotation of the plane of the crankshaft at a predetermined angle around its axis, coinciding with the axis of the middle shaft, and fixing it relative to the frame of the wheelchair using structural elements that support the specified rotation of the crankshaft, while to rotate and fix the angular position of the crankshaft relative to the wheelchair frame, passive and / or active crankshaft rotation controls are used. 2. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional elements for the manual drive of the wheelchair are two identical rims, each of which is fixed coaxially with one of the drive wheels of the wheelchair, with a radius of the additional rim smaller than the radius of the rim of the corresponding drive wheel . 3. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the crankshaft is in paraxial proximity to a straight line segment connecting the centers of the wheels of the propulsion device. 4. Wheelchair under item 1, characterized in that the structural elements supporting the rotation of the crankshaft around its axis are the bearings or hinges. 5. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the crankshaft rotation control element is a handle or a handle, turning which the wheelchair user rotates the crankshaft. 6. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the crankshaft rotation control elements are the elements of the transmission of the crankshaft rotation force, an overtaking, ratchet mechanism with a crankshaft rotation direction switch, as well as elements for fixing the crankshaft rotation angle relative to the wheelchair frame. 7. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the crankshaft rotation control elements are arranged in the crankshaft rotation control unit. 8. A wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of rotation of the crankshaft around the axis of rotation relative to the wheelchair frame has values up to + 360 ° or more. 9. A wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of rotation of the crankshaft around the axis of rotation relative to the wheelchair frame has values less than the full revolution of the angular size of the stationary elements of the wheelchair, preventing the rotation of the crankshaft with wheels. 10. A wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that one wheel or each of a pair of wheels of a wheelchair mover is made in the form of a motor wheel with an electric motor.

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