RU1786374C - Device for measuring temperature and temperature difference - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: thermometers, temperature measurements, temperature differences, heat flux. The inventive device includes: a resistance thermoconverter 1, a reference resistance 2, a remote probe 3, N wires 4, four resistors 5,6,7 and 21, a constant current amplifier 8, an analog-to-digital converter 9, a control unit 10, three reg // pages 11-13, computing unit 14, subtracting unit 15, two temperature registers 16 and 17, temperature buffer register 18, sign decoder 19, reference voltage source 20, current source 22, electronic watch display unit 23, comparator 24, gate driver 25 black button, switch 26, shaper 27 time intervals, threshold elements, buzzer 29, potentiometer 30 for setting the coefficient of thermal insulation of clothes, potentiometer 31 for setting the heat dose, logic element NOT 32, electronic watch case with a bracelet. 1-3-4-8-9-16-14-15-30, 20-21-27-11-10-23, 20-5-4-3-7-10, 20-26-25-52- 10, 1-3-4-6-9, 27-18-17-15, 20-26-25-10, 20-28-29, 20-13-23, 27-12-16, 27-9- 16, 22-27, 27-13. 1 pp., 3 ill. ate with

Description

The invention relates to thermometry and can be used to measure temperature, temperature difference and heat flux.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of temperature measurement and the reliability of the device in operation.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a device with a remote probe in the housing; in FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a device control unit.

The device comprises a resistance thermoconverter 1 connected to a bridge circuit with a reference resistance 2, which are jointly installed in the remote probe 3 and connected by wires 4 with resistors 5-7 and inputs of a DC amplifier (UPT) 8. The output of the UPT 8 is connected to the analog input digital converter (ADC) 9 and to the first terminal of the second input of the control unit 10, which is made in the form of an electronic switch (EC). The outputs of the first memory register (RP) 11 are connected to the first information bus of the first input of EC 10, the outputs of the second memory register (RP) 12 are connected to the second information bus of the second input of EC 10, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the ADC 9 and to the first information bus the third input of EC 10. The first information bus of the fourth input of EC 10 is connected to the outputs of the third memory register (RP) 13, the outputs of which are connected to the digital outputs of the computing unit (WB) 14, and the second terminal of the fourth input of EC 10 is connected to the logical output of the unit subtraction (BV) 15. The non-inverting inputs of the BV 15 are connected through the first temperature register (RT) 16 to the outputs of the ADC 9, and the inverting inputs through the second temperature register (RT) 17 and the buffer temperature register (BRT) 18 are connected to the first information bus of the third output EC 10, the first terminal of the second output of which is connected to the second terminal of the fourth output and is connected to the first input of the sign decoder (DShZ) 19, the second input of which is connected to the output of the reference voltage element 20, which is connected to the source through a current-limiting resistor 21 ka 22. The output of the DShZ 19 is connected to the sign input of the electronic wristwatch (ELF) display unit 23, the bit input of which is connected to the first information bus of the fourth output, to the second information bus of the second output and to the first information bus of the first output of EC 10.

The control input of EC 10 is connected via a comparator (KM) 24 to the output of the gate pulse generator (FS) 25, the first input of which is connected to the input

KM 24 and is connected via a button 26 of the control unit to the element of the reference voltage 20. The second input of the FS 25 is connected to the output of the time interval former (FVI) 27 electronic watches,

which is connected to the control inputs of the ADC 9, RP 11, RP 12.RP13, RT16, RT17, BRT 18. The analog output of the WB 14 is connected via an adjustable threshold element (PE) 28 to the ELF buzzer 29. Computational

block 14 has a knob 30 for setting the coefficient of K thermal insulation of clothing, and an adjustable threshold element 28 is equipped with a knob 31 for setting the dose D of the amount of heat in kilocalories. The output of the FS 25 through the logical element NOT 32 is connected to the reset input of the EC 10. The write output of the FVI 27 is connected to the corresponding service inputs of the above registers. The device is housed in an ELF case 33 with a bracelet 34.

The control unit is made in the form of an electronic switch (EC) 10 with a synchronizing input and a reset input,

including (see fig. 3) four logical elements AND, two D-flip-flops and four groups of transistor switches, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the four inputs and outputs of the terminals and

information buses of the control unit. The common base of each group of transistor switches is connected to the output of the corresponding logical element AND, the reset inputs of the D-triggers are combined and connected to

control unit reset input. The synchronizing input of EC 10 is connected to the synchronizing input of the first D-flip-flop connected to the information input with its inverting output and the first inputs of the second and fourth logical elements AND, the other inputs of which are connected respectively to the non-inverting output of the second D-flip-flop and its information input, also connected to

the first input of the third logical element And and the inverting output of the second D-trigger. The non-inverting output of the first D-trigger is connected to the synchronizing input of another D-trigger, another

the input of the third logical element AND and the input of the first logical element I. the other input of which is connected to the non-inverting output of the second D-trigger.

The device operates as follows.

In the initial position, no signals are received at the synchronizing input of EC 10 and comparator 24, logic O is output at FS 25, so logical output 1 is sent from output of logic element HE 32 to EC 10 reset input, switching of the first inputs and outputs of EC 10 time from the output of the RP 11 comes through EC 10 to the input of the display unit 23, which operates in the electronic wristwatch (EICH) mode.

In the mode of measuring the ambient temperature, the remote probe 3 is placed in the environment, where its temperature is quickly equalized with the temperature of the medium as a result of the small thermal inertia of the probe 3. The differential signal of the thermal converter of resistance 1 and reference resistance 2 from the output of the bridge circuit is input to the UPT 8 , amplified and fed to the input of the ADC 9, the Operator makes one click on the button 26 of the control unit, which causes the supply of one pulse to the first input of the gate pulse generator

25 simultaneously with one of the pulses arriving at the second input of FS 25 from the output of PVI 27. This leads to the operation of FS 25, which generates an output pulse of known duration, for example, 10 seconds, the pulse of the button

26 arrives simultaneously at the first input of comparator 24 and coincides in time with the gating pulse supplied to the second input of KM 24, which is triggered and gives one step pulse to the control input of electronic switch 10, which switches EC 10 by one step. In this case, the first inputs and outputs of the EC 10 are opened, and the second inputs and outputs are switched. On the other hand, stop displaying the current time on the display unit 23, and causes an indication of the value of the ambient temperature, coming in digital form from RP 12 and in sign form from DShZ 19 to the indicating unit 23. The display automatically stops after the expiration of the strobe pulse, after which the EC 10 returns to its original position.

In the mode of measuring body temperature, the remote probe 3 is brought into contact with the body, where its temperature quickly aligns with the temperature of the body as a result of the small thermal inertia of the probe. The differential signal of the resistance converter 1 and the reference resistance 2 from the output of the bridge circuit is fed to the input of the CTF 8, amplified and fed to the input of the ADC 9. The operator makes two presses on the button 26, which causes the supply of two pulses to the inputs of FS 25 and KM 24, which trigger the gate driver 25 and causes the comparator 24 to operate twice, which provides two step pulses to the synchronizing input of the EC 10. In this case, the first inputs and outputs, as well as the second inputs and outputs of the EC 10 are opened, and the third inputs and outputs are switched, which leads to recording the current value of the body temperature in the temperature register 17 and overwriting in the temperature buffer register 18. Visual control of recording the temperature of the body can be performed after the expiration of the time of the strobe pulse by additional pressing the button 26 while saving the probe 3 on the body. Then, similarly to the mode of measuring the ambient temperature, the device measures the body temperature and displays sign and digital information on the display unit 23, which automatically stops after the expiration of the next gate pulse.

In the mode of measuring the temperature difference, the remote probe 3 is again placed in the environment, where its temperature quickly equalizes with the temperature of the medium. From the outputs of the ADC 9, the digital signal of the ambient temperature enters the temperature register 16, and from its outputs to the non-inverting inputs of the subtraction unit 15. At the same time, the inverting inputs of the BV 15 receive a digital signal of the body temperature from the temperature register 17. Signal synchronization is achieved by applying to the control inputs The ADC 9, RP 11, RP 12, RP 13, RT 16, RT 17 and BRT 18 of the signals from the PVI 27. In this case, the information on the RT 17 is stored, again overwritten from the buffer register 18, since the body temperature is quite stable. The information on the PT 16 is constantly updated, coming from the output of the ADC 9 in accordance with changes in the ambient temperature. The temperature difference is fed to the input of the WB 14, which calculates the amount of heat received or generated by the body according to the formula N K.C.5D T where H is the amount of heat, kcal;

K is the coefficient of thermal insulation of clothes; .С - body shape coefficient;

S - body surface area, m2;

D T - temperature difference.

Information about the heat flux goes to the memory register 13, and from its outputs to the first information bus of the fourth input of the EC 10. At the same time, sign information about the temperature difference is received to the second terminal of the fourth input of the EC 10 from the logical output of the BV 15. To visually indicate the amount of heat flux received or lost by the body in the current time, the operator presses button 26 three times, which causes three pulses to be applied to the inputs of FS 25 and KM 24, which start the gate pulse generator 25 and lead to tripping comparator 24, which provides three step pulses to the control input of EC 10. At the same time, the first, second and third inputs and outputs of the EC 10 are opened, and the fourth inputs and outputs are switched, which provides the output of digital information about the heat dose from the output of the RP 13 to the display unit 23 ELF, as well as significant information about the received (+ ) or the lost (-) heat dose from the DShZ 19 output to the 23 ELF indication block. At the end of the gating pulse from FS 25, logical O is supplied to the logic element HE 32, therefore, from its output to the input of reset EC 10, logic 1 is returned, which returns EC 10 to its original position.

From the analogue output of WB 14, an information signal about the heat dose in all operating modes of the device is fed to the input of an adjustable threshold element 28, where it is compared with the threshold value of the heat dose, which is set by the operator using knob 31 of the D-dose potentiometer in kilocalories. In accordance with the current standards of thermometry, the admissible dose, for example, 300 kcal, is set with the knob 31. for a person for a known period of time. Upon reaching the indicated dose, PE 28 resets and gives a signal to the buzzer 29 located in the ELF housing, which is a signal for the obligatory change in the thermal regime of the body in order to avoid overcooling or overheating. Sound signaling of predetermined intermediate doses of thermal effects on the human body is also possible, which increases the usability of the device.

In all operating modes of the device, regardless of what information is displayed by the display unit 23 at the current time, other types of information are stored, as they are present on the memory registers 11-13 and on the temperature register 16-18, which further increases the accuracy and reliability devices in operation. The device has small dimensions and weight and can be placed in the case of electronic watches, using their individual units in operation.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A device for measuring temperature and a temperature difference, comprising a sign decoder connected to an output with a sign input of an indication unit, and one of the inputs to an output of a control unit in the form of a switch, a resistance thermal converter, an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to one of inputs of the control unit, a subtraction unit connected to the input of the computing unit, a current source, a pulse generator of time intervals and a first memory register, connected in series e second memory register, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the control unit, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of temperature measurement and reliability of the device, a third memory register, two temperature registers, a temperature buffer register, a logic element are introduced into it NOT, zero potential bus, DC amplifier, comparator, gate pulse shaper, clothing thermal insulation coefficient potentiometer connected to another input of the computing unit, potentiometer setting a dose of heat, the outputs of which are connected to the adjustment input of an adjustable threshold element connected to the output with the buzzer input connected to a common bus, a push-button switch, a reference resistor, a reference voltage source and four resistors, two of which, as well as a reference resistor and a thermal converter the resistances are connected according to a bridge measuring circuit, in the diagonal of which a DC amplifier is included, the control unit is made in the form of an electronic switch with a synchronizing input and a reset input CA, including four logical elements AND, two D-flip-flops and four groups of transistor keys, the inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the four input and four output terminals and information buses of the control unit, the common base of each group of transistor keys is connected to the output of the corresponding logical element And , the reset inputs of the D-flip-flops are combined and connected to the reset input of the control unit, the synchronizing input of which is connected to the synchronizing input of one D-flip-flop connected input with its inverting output and the first inputs of the second and the fourth logical elements And, the other inputs of which are connected respectively to the non-inverting output of another D-trigger and its information input, also connected to the first input of the third logical element And and its inverting output, the non-inverting output of the D-trigger is connected to the synchronizing input of another D -trigger, another input of the third logical element And and the input of the first logical element And, the other input of which is connected to the non-inverting output of another D-trigger, the output of the DC amplifier connected to the first terminal of the second input of the control unit and to the input of an analog-to-digital converter connected by the output to the inputs of the second memory register and the first temperature register, as well as to the information bus of the third input of the control unit, the DC source terminal is connected with a common bus, and the other terminal is through a resistor with an input of a reference voltage source, the output of which is connected to another input of the sign decoder and through a push-button switch - to the inputs of the comparator and the gate-driver, whose angular input is connected to the output of the time interval generator, also connected to the other input of the first memory register, the inputs of the temperature buffer register, the second temperature register, the third memory register, the start input of the analog-to-digital converter and other inputs of the second memory register and the first temperature register connected by the output to the input of the subtraction unit, the other input of which is connected with the output of the second temperature register 0 5 0 5 5 0 ry to which another input of the temperature buffer register is also connected, connected by an output to another input of the second temperature register, which is also connected to the information bus of the third output of the control unit, one output of the computing unit is connected to another input of the third memory register connected to the information the fourth input bus of the control unit connected by the fourth input terminal to the output of the subtraction unit, the other output of the computing unit is connected to the input of the threshold element connected another input with the output of the reference voltage source connected through another resistor to the electrical input of the bridge measuring circuit, the output of the gate pulse generator is connected to another input of the comparator connected by the output to the synchronizing input of the control unit, the reset input of which through the logic element is NOT connected to the output of the driver the gate pulse, the input of the first memory register is connected to the information bus of the first input of the control unit, the output of the second memory register is connected to the bus of the second input of the control unit, the information bus of the second information output of which is combined with its fourth output terminal and connected to the input of the sign decoder, the information buses of the first, second and fourth outputs of the control unit are connected respectively to the bit inputs of the display unit, and the resistance thermoconverter and the reference resistor mounted together in a remote probe. Rug, 2.