RU1782363C - Cultivator working member - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended for use on steam cultivators. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of soil cultivation by more fully controlling weeds. The working body comprises a stand and one-sided cutting blades connected to it by means of a vertically arranged elastic element in the form of a plate. The elastic element is made of front and rear parts. The front part of the elastic element is provided with a cutting edge in the shape of a parabola branch. The tail portion of the plate is made with decreasing width along the length. The lower point of the cutting edge of the resilient member is below the cutting element blades. The elastic plate is connected to the stand by means of a horizontal hinge with a limiter for the angle of its rotation, 1 s.p. 4 ill.

Description

ate

WITH

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended for use on steam cultivators.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of soil cultivation by a more complete destruction of weeds,

In FIG. 1 shows a working body of a cultivator, front view; in FIG. 2 - same, plan view; in FIG. 3 - section aa of figure 1; in FIG. 4 is a section BB of FIG. 2, an embodiment of connecting the elastic plate to the stand.

The working body consists of a rack 1, formed of two long and one short strips, and horizontally located and interconnected two cutting elements 2 and 3, interconnected with a scarf 4 and the remote end of a vertical elastic element in the form of a plate 5. Front the elastic element of the flat plate 5 is placed in the slot of the rack 1, formed by a short strip between two adjacent long ones, and connected with them by rivets 6. The front part of the elastic plate 5 is provided with a cutting edge 7. Cutting edge 7 ra placed on plate 5 along the parabola branch. The lower point 8 of the cutting edge 7 is below the blades 9 and 10 of the cutting elements 2 and 3, the tail part of the elastic element 5 is made with a decreasing width, and its width decreases to the tail part from the rack 1. The cutting elements 2 and 3 are made in the form of one-sided blades 9 and 10 with a sharpening angle of 10 ± 2 °, with a top surfacing with wear-resistant material with a thickness of 0.2 ± 0.05 mm. The opening angle of the blades 9 and 10 is 115 ± 2 °, the Point 8 of the cutting edge 7 of the elastic elements 5 is 6 cm below the blades 9 and 10. The cutting edge 7 of the elastic plate 5 has a height of 18 cm along the front. The grinding angle

H

with y

CA)

about

I03

the cutting edge 7 is 21 ± 3 °, the thickness of the elastic plate 5 is 2 mm, the material is steel 65G. In FIG. Figure 4 shows a variant of the articulation of the strut 1 with the elastic plate 5 by means of a horizontal hinge 11. A short strip 12 is a restriction 13 for the rotation of the elastic plate 5 in a longitudinally vertical plane. The limiter 13 is placed in the slot 14 of the elastic plate 5, which limits the angle of rotation of the cutting elements 2 and 3 in the longitudinal-vertical plane by an angle within ± 5 °. This eliminates the influence of the tilt of the strut 1 on the course of the cutting elements 2 & 3.

The working body operates as follows.

When the cultivator moves with the proposed working bodies on a clean field with the same density and hardness of the soil, the cutting elements 2 and 3 carry out loosening of the soil and steady movement along the working width and depth of processing. The cutting edge 7 divides the soil layer into two vertical layers, which are then cut with blades 9 and 10 and crumble intensively with elements 2 and 3.

The field during the cultivation of vapors is characterized by the presence of weeds and plant debris on the day surface. Moisture, hardness and density of the soil are not the same along the depth of the treated layer. The presence of root and plant residues on the floor surface has a significant effect on the movement of the working body.

In the operating position, the cutting edge 7 of the elastic plate 5 with its upper part of the parabola branch approaches the surface of the soil. The cutting edge 7 presses the weeds into the soft soil layer, and then cuts them. This contributes to the steepness of the cutting edge 7 and the increasing resistance of the soil. The cut stems, roots, weeds remain on the sides of the elastic plate 5. The uncut roots of the weed plants slide from the cutting edge 7 below the blades 9 and 10 of the cutting elements 2

and 3. This prevents clogging of the latter. With further movement in the soil, blades 9 and 10 cut a thin layer of soil with weed roots. Blades 9 and 10 deviate to the side when the soil sticks and is clogged with weeds and plant debris. Deviation occurs sideways with excess load on one of the blades

9 or 10. When the blade 9 is turned back immediately, the angle of the cutting element 2 to

lines of motion. The root residues in this case are moved to a new position on the blade 9, shifted to its end remote from the elastic plate 5. When the adhering soil and part of the root residues leave the blade 9, the load on the cutting element 2 decreases sharply. Under the action of the elastic forces of the plate 5 and the increased load on the blade 10 of the cutting element 3, the latter returns to its original position. When the blade deviates 10 back, a part of the adhering soil and roots comes off it. Thus, the cutting elements 2 and 3 are periodically oscillated in the horizontal plane at an angle of 3 ... 50 of the cutting edge 7 of the elastic plate 5 and the blades 9 and 10 are self-cleaned with the cutting elements 2 and 3, as well as their intensive crumbling.

It was experimentally established that with a working width of one working body of 50 cm with a blade opening angle of 115 ° at a working speed of 1 m / s and a cultivation depth of 6 cm, all fixed plant residues descend from the blades at a head length of 10 ... 12 m. by increasing the working speed to 3 m / s, the blades of the cutting elements self-clean at a path length of 1.5, .. 3.0 m. The completeness of weed cutting is 100%. Removal of the wet layer not more than 7. “10%. Deviations in the depth of processing of not more than 1 cm. Vibrations of the wings of the blades 9 and 10 of the working body along the working width of not more than 2 cm. Sliding of the working body when working on a slope is not observed.

Claims (2)

1. The working body of the cultivator, containing the stand and connected to it by means of a vertically arranged elastic element in the form of a plate, one-sided cutting blades, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of soil cultivation, by more completely destroying weeds, the ugly element is made of the front and the tail parts, the front part being provided with a cutting edge in the shape of a parabola branch, and the tail part is made with a decreasing width, the lower point of the cutting edge being placed below the blades under ezayuschih elements. 2. The working body according to claim 1, with the fact that the elastic plate is connected to the stand by means of a horizontal hinge with a limiter of its rotation angle. / / I 9 6 Ј-s 70  A Fig 4 / FIG. 2 8 / FIG. 4 A a v77777 / T / // / x / /// Figure 3 6-B O