RU1776866C - Electromagnetic pickup of internal combustion engine ignition system - Google Patents

Abstract

The electromagnetic sensor of the ignition system of an internal combustion engine relates to electrical equipment. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: for detecting ignition, the sensor wires are made up of multiple layers connected in parallel in a magnetic system. One part of these layers has a low-frequency, the other has a higher-frequency characteristic. Moreover, the first part of the magnetic core is displaced relative to the other honor in the direction of decreasing the distance between the pole and the magnetic core along the path of their relative movement. In one embodiment, one part of the magnetic wire is made of electrical steel, and the other is made of ferrite. In another embodiment, the magnetic circuit is made with different thicknesses of the plates of electrical steel. Moreover, this embodiment can be either a magnetic circuit mounted on the housing or on the sensor roller. (L

Description

The invention relates to the electrical equipment of an internal combustion engine and can be used in ignition systems to synchronize the supply of sparks with engine revolutions.

In order to achieve maximum efficiency of the flash of the combustible mixture in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the moment of ignition of the combustible mixture should be ahead of the moment when the piston reaches its top dead center. Sensors of ignition systems with automatic mechanical centrifugal control of ignition advance are widely known. However, they are complex in design, unreliable in operation and difficult to manufacture.

Sensors of ignition systems with an electronic lead device are also known, including a synchronizer consisting of latches of a maximum lead angle and a minimum lead angle. However, such sensors do not provide a direct proportional dependence of the lead angle on the number of shaft revolutions, because the delay control circuit and the delay circuit itself are strongly influenced by the ambient temperature

 (The closest technical solution to the invention is an electromagnetic sensor of the ignition system of an internal combustion engine comprising a housing, a roller, a magnetic circuit and a magnet with poles. A magnetic circuit and a magnet

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updated with the possibility of moving one relative to the other and changing the angle of advance of the ignition when changing the speed of the roller. However, such an electromagnetic dztchik of the zp system; to 1 gzn 1 has. disadvantage, the design of the sensor is relatively complex. The location of the rods of their sizes is determined by the voltage level (inclusion levels of the chistristore) of the electron part is swept away by the ignition, since this voltage level changes with. changes in the ambient temperature, it is difficult to provide the parameters of the sensor parts to obtain a predetermined advance.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design.

The goal is achieved that ---, the yoke on the electromagnetic sensor of the ignition system of the internal combustion engine, comprising a housing, a roller, a magnet, c magnet. poles, with magnetomodor and magnet installed with. with the possibility of moving one relative to the other and changing the ignition advance angle when changing the speed of rotation of the roller, the magnetic conductor is made up of layers arranged in parallel with different frequency characteristics, and the elephant having a lower frequency response is offset with respect to the layer with a higher frequency response in the direction of decreasing the distance between the pole and the conduit along the path of their relative movement. In one embodiment of the electromagnetic sensor, at least one layer of the duct is made of electrical and the other of ferrite. In another embodiment of the electromagnetic sensor, the layers of the magnetic cores are made of electrical steel with different thicknesses. At the same time, the aforementioned special design of the wire guide can only be on the sensor shaft, or only on the sensor case, or together both on the roller and on the case . This embodiment of the sensor makes it possible to directly obtain a sinusoidal voltage, shifted in phase with respect to the geometrical distribution of the roller, by a certain angle,

On Fig, 1-4 schematically depicts General views of an electromagnetic sensor in various embodiments; in FIG. 5-8. - embodiments of a sensor magnetic circuit.

The electromagnetic sensor includes a housing, a roller, a magnet wire 1, on which windings 2 can be located, and a magnet 3 with poles. Magnetic circuit 1 and mage. The nmts are mounted with the possibility of moving one relative to the other and measure the angle of advance of the ignition when changing the speed of rotation of the roller. On the

a permanent magnet 3 (Fig. 1), a magnetic circuit in the form of sections 4, mechanically bonded to each other using non-magnetic material 5 (Fig. 2), or a magnetic circuit in the form of inserts 6,

7 (Fig. 3), also fastened to the memo with a non-magnetic material 5. The sensor can be made with Hall element 8, which is perpendicular to the magnetic lines of force (Fig. 4).

It can be attached to the end face of the core magnetic core 1. The magnetic core of the sensor is made of layers. 8 the simplest case of two layers forming part of the magnetic circuit. For example, one piece 9 of 2-3 mm

electrical steel plates and a friend

part 10 from ferrite or from thinner (

- 0.2-0.3 mm) electrotechnical plates

steel. Both parts of the magnetic circuit can oh. to be wound with a common winding (Fig. 5) or

have separate semi-windings 2, 2, connected together in series (Fig. b), Both parts 9, 10 of the magnetic circuit can have a smooth transition between each other, for example, made of electrical steel / and with a gradual decrease in the thickness of the plates (Fig. 7) . In all cases, part 9 having a lower frequency response is offset with respect to part 10 of the magnetic circuit,

having a higher frequency response in the direction of decreasing the distance between the pole and the magnetic circuit along the path of their relative movement. In FIG. 5, 6, 7, 8 conditional direction

the roller is shown by an arrow. The implementation of the magnetic circuit with the displacement of its parts can be more convenient by shifting the plates relative to the direction of rotation of the roller (Fig. 2, 8). But also in this

In this case, the part of the magnetic circuit having a lower frequency response is dec. laid with an offset relative to the part having a higher frequency response in the direction of decreasing the distance between the pole and the magnetic circuit along the path of their relative movement. The above implementation of the magnetic circuit composite in the form of different layers in one case can be

mounted only on the sensor case (Fig. 1), in the other only on the roller, while on the case it remains normal, i.e. similar to the implementation of conventional sensors, but it will be more efficient to perform a magnetic circuit composite in the form of various layers both on the housing and on the roller (Fig. 3).

The sensor operates as follows.

When the engine crankshaft rotates, the sensor roller will rotate accordingly, having a rigid connection with the crankshaft. In the presence of a permanent magnet (Fig. 1) in the windings, under the influence of an alternating magnetic field, a variable emf will be induced. This emf will control a high voltage pulse shaper, the output of which will be pulses to the ignition coil. When the roller rotates slowly, the main magnetic flux passing through the stator magnetic circuit will be determined by the magnetic induction of the entire magnetic circuit. With a quick rotation of the shaft, a part of the magnetic circuit having a low-frequency characteristic loses the efficiency of magnetic conductivity, because with increasing frequency, the magnetic flux does not have time to significantly increase in thicker plates of the magnetic circuit. The main magnetic flux passing through the magnetic circuit will in this case be determined by magnetic induction of only a part of the magnetic circuit having a higher frequency response. Since this last part of the magnetic circuit is located in front of the part of the magnetic circuit having a lower frequency response, with increasing rotation frequency the roller will be shifted in the direction of advancing and the induction emf in the windings and, therefore, the ignition advance angle will increase. The resistance to magnetic flux of thick plates made of electrical steel increases smoothly with a change in frequency. Hence, the shift angle of the output voltage of the sensor will also have a smooth dependence on the speed of the motor shaft. By a suitable choice of plate thicknesses, one can also select the desired characteristic of the dependence of the lead angle on engine revolutions. In a sensor with a sectional magnetic circuit (Fig. 2), two windings create a constant magnetic flux by passing a direct current through them. When the roller is rotated, the magnetic cores with the windings 2 located on them are connected via sections to either the lower adjacent — south, or the upper adjacent — north pole. As a result, an emf is induced in the windings 2, synchronously in frequency with the rotation of the engine crankshaft. In the sensor with inserts (Fig. 3) the extreme windings Sh-about. the different cores create a constant magnetic flux by passing through the dc x dc current. When the roller rotates, the middle core of the magnetic circuit 5 is connected using one stay 6 with the lower extreme shaft, and then with the help of another insert 7 with the upper extreme shaft. As a result, in the windings of the magnetic circuit located on the middle rod

0 core, emf is induced frequency synchronous with the rotation of the motor shaft. A DC signal is applied to one opposite terminal of the Hall element 8 (Fig. 4);

5 - alternating voltage is proportional to the alternating magnetic field.

The sensor provides a direct proportional dependence of the advance angle on the engine speed.

0 This leads to fuel savings, increased engine power and reduced exhaust emissions. At the same time, in the system, the ignition advance occurs directly in the sensor without

5 introducing additional elements. This simplifies the functional purpose of the electronic unit, which leads to a simplification of the design of the ignition system, and, ultimately, to reduce the cost and

Claims (5)

1. The electromagnetic sensor of the ignition system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing, a roller, a magnetic pipe 5 and a magnet with poles, the magnetic circuit and magnet being mounted so that they can move one relative to the other and change the lead angle. when changing the rotation speed of the RZL0 ka, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, the magnetic circuit is made up of parallel layers with different frequency characteristics, the layer being 5 having a lower frequency response, is offset with respect to the layer with a higher frequency response to reduce the distance between the pole and 0 magnetic circuit along the path of their relative movement. 2. The sensor according to claim 1, with the fact that at least one layer of the 5th conductor is made of electrical steel, and the other of ferrite. 3. The sensor according to claim 1, with the exception that the layers of the magnetic pipe are made with different thicknesses. 4. The sensor according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the magnet wire is mounted on the roller. 5. The sensor according to paragraphs. 1-3. characterized in that the magnetic circuit is mounted on the housing. / Figure 2 fie. t -9 -Sh Fig 5 and -Yu Fig 7 Step 6