RU1775531C - Method for controlling safe operation of buildings and structures - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: protection of buildings and structures during part-time work, grouting of mine workings, draining water from them, as well as in karst and landslide territories. The essence of the invention neither. the method includes laying the benchmarks on the land surface, determining points with extreme values of the expected horizontal deformations and curvature of the earth's surface, determining the direction of the horizontal displacement vectors at these points and laying the reperop nests along the directions of the horizontal displacement vectors, measuring the deformations of each side of the nests, calculating them actual deformation and comparing it with the permissible, 2 il

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used to protect buildings and structures during part-time work, grouting of mine workings, draining water from them, at the exits to the surface of displaced textural disturbances, and can also be used in occluded and landslide territories

A known method of monitoring the safety of the operation of a building and structures, including laying benchmarks on the earth's surface, determining the deformations of them and comparing them with permissible ones.

The disadvantage of this method is that in order to assess the condition of individual structural elements (for example, joints of wall panels, expansion joints, homogeneous joints of precast reinforced concrete struts, welded or butt joints of pipelines), it is necessary to know the base deformations on shorter

intervals of 1.0-1.5 m. The above method, when measured at such intervals, gives large errors of ± (1.0-1.5) -103. Such a measurement error cannot be allowed to control the stress state of structures, where the manifestation of forces is controlled by strains measured with an accuracy of ± (0.01 + 0.1) -10 J.

To determine the strains with greater accuracy, greater laboriousness in measuring strains at short distances is required. The aim of the invention is to reduce the complexity

To achieve this goal, in a method for monitoring the safe operation of a building, including laying benchmarks on the earth's surface, determining actual deformations from them and comparing them with permissible ones, additionally determine points with extemal values of the expected horizontal deformations and curvature of the earth's surface in them

x | vj 01

w

the directions of the horizontal displacement vectors are determined and the nests of the benchmarks are laid, the sides of which are oriented along the directions of the horizontal displacement vectors, the strains of each side of the nest are measured; and from them, the actual deformation of the earth's surface is calculated, which is compared with the allowable one.

In FIG. 1 shows the distribution curves of the expected horizontal deformations under the observed object A; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a bookmark of nests of rappers.

The method is implemented as follows.

A reference point is laid on the earth's surface to observe object A. Using the movement of these benchmarks, the expected horizontal deformation is determined on the surface below object A. Using these data, curves 1 and 11 of the expected horizontal deformations are plotted and points with extreme values of the expected horizontal deformations 1, 2. 3, 4. 5, 6, 7, 8. 9, 10 and the curvature of the earth's surface. At these points, the directions of the horizontal displacement vectors are determined and the nests of frames are laid, the sides of which are oriented along the directions of the horizontal displacement vectors. The shapes of the nests of the rappers can be different.

For example, with a single treatment plant, it is sufficient to have triangular outlines of the nest of benchmarks, which are composed of intervals 11-14; 14-16; 12 - 15:11 - 12; 12 to 13; 14-15; 13-15; 15-16; 12-14. Next, strain measurements at each interval are measured by two months 1 and 2

The measurement results are entered in the table.

After calculating the average deformations of the sides of the triangles 17-20, the average deformations of the directions 11-14 are found; 11-12; 12-14 as arithmetic means of one direction;

in | 1.14.2 54 ± 2 | 1 ± 2 6c. 2,620; Јc-12 1.075; Next, the main deformations are found;

Ј1 Ј11-14 2.620 O 3; EZ 2/3 - {2.62 + 1.073 + 1.953) -2.62 - 0.81 MO 3;

yt-2-2 / 3 - (1.075-1.953J-1.154-10 3;

with extreme values of the expected horizontal deformations.

The strain was measured near the reinforced concrete drinking water tank, the sides of which are 30 ° with the direction of the horizontal displacement vector.

Deformations along a predetermined direction are determined; that is, actual deformations.

 -2.620 + 0.811. 2.620 + 0.811

E.JQ

x cos 60 ° 2.215-103.

25

Then determine Un-permissible deformation by the formula

units - l / d KG3 70 / 20-103 - 3,5-U 3,

where I is the length of the tank, m;

d is the diameter of the tank, m

The values of eso and unit are compared. From the comparison it follows that the actual deformations are less admissible and the side job can be continued without additional protective measures.

Claims (1)

The claims A method for monitoring the safe operation of buildings and structures, including laying benchmarks on the earth's surface, determining actual deformations from them and comparing them with permissible ones, which means that, in order to reduce labor intensity, points with extreme values are additionally determined on the earth's surface the expected horizontal deformations and curvature of the earth’s surface, at these points determine the directions of the horizontal displacement vectors and lay the nests of benchmarks, the sides of which are oriented along of vectors of horizontal displacements, the deformations of each side of the nest are measured and the actual deformation of the earth's surface is calculated from them, which is compared with the allowable one.