RU1775305C - Extruder for processing of polymer materials - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: processing of polymeric materials using two- or multi-screw extruders. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION; the extruder comprises two screws connected to two screw shafts, a screw drive connected to the first screw and to the second screw by means of a rotation mechanism. The latter is made in the form of a drive shaft with two helical gears with oppositely inclined teeth and two auxiliary shafts. They are placed diametrically opposite to the screw shaft and are kinematically connected with helical gears of the drive shaft and gear teeth of the screw. The rotation mechanism of the second screw is provided with two countershafts. On each of them two gear wheels are mounted with springs at their ends, mounted with the possibility of axial, limited by the movement springs, with the possibility of engagement with helical gears of the drive shaft and connected to two auxiliary shafts. The latter are mounted with the possibility of axial movement and are equipped with four helical gears arranged in pairs on each auxiliary shaft and having opposite teeth. Helical gears are mounted to engage with the gears of the second screw shaft. 4 ills. The invention relates to the field of polymer engineering and is intended for use in two or multi-screw presses for the processing of polymer materials. An extruder for processing polymer materials containing two screws located in the housing, screw shafts, a screw rotation mechanism in which each half of the torque is transmitted through the screw shaft due to diametrically mounted gears, the shafts of which are fixed in a swinging frame, with a self-adjusting gear that can be rotated around an axis in the main gear wheel. The disadvantage of such an extruder drive is the increased attrition of the gear teeth, the need for high precision manufacturing, as well as the increased dimensions due to the presence of a clicked frame. The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed solution] Uder for processing polymer matados containing two disposable parts in a screw housing connected to two. ". i? io, 'ii' and ^ mecop,! x | xj01CA), 0 lOI

Description

mounted in radial and thrust bearings, the screw rotation drive connected to the first screw with a kinematic transmission and with the second screw through a rotation mechanism made in the form of a drive shaft with two helical gears with opposite inclined teeth and two auxiliary shafts placed diametrically opposite auger shaft and kinematically connected with helical gears of the drive shaft and gear wheels of the auger shaft.

The disadvantages of this solution are the relative complexity of the load distribution between the drive gears, the insufficiently complete exclusion of loads on the screw shaft, as well as the transmission of relatively small torques, the significant forces arising in the gears, which reduces the reliability of the extruder.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability of the extruder.

The goal is achieved in that the rotation mechanism of the second screw is provided with two intermediate shafts, on each of which two gear wheels with springs at their ends are mounted, mounted with the possibility of axial, limited by the movement springs, with the possibility of engagement with helical gears of the drive shaft and associated with deum auxiliary shafts mounted with the possibility of axial movement and equipped with four helical gears in pairs located on each auxiliary shaft with opposing positively inclined teeth mounted to engage with the gears of the second screw shaft.

The essence of the invention lies in the creation of a / .and self-regulating mechanism for evenly distributing the load between the shafts transmitting torque through four gears, which is achieved by installing two intermediate shafts diametrically opposed to the screw shaft, and placing four gear gears on them, and gear the wheels engaged with the gears of the drive shaft are mounted with the possibility of elastic independent axial movement.

In FIG. 1 shows a general kinematic view of an extruder: in FIG. 2 - rotation mechanism of the second screw shaft (section AA in Fig. 1); FIG. 3 is a section BB in FIG. 1; in FIG. 4 shows a mechanism for distributing torque between countershafts (section BB in FIG. 3).

The extruder for processing polymer materials contains two screws 1 and 2, connected through couplings 3 and 4 with shafts 5,

6 screws 1, 2, the first of which is kinematically connected directly to the drive shaft

7 of the engine, and the other through the rotation mechanism, including gear 8-9, the drive shaft 10 with helical gears 11 and 12 with oppositely inclined teeth, interconnected intermediate 13, 14 and auxiliary 15.16 shafts with helical gears 17 , 18 and

19, 20 and helical gears 21.22 and 23,

24 meshing with gears

25,26 mounted on the shaft 6 of the screw 2. Between the wheels 17, 18 and 19, 20, mounted with the possibility of axial movement

along the shafts 13, 14, springs 27, 28 and 29, 30 are placed at the ends of the wheels. The auxiliary shafts 15, 16 are mounted with the possibility of axial movement in the needle bearings 31, 32 and 33, 34. The shafts 5 and 6 of the screws

1.2 are installed respectively in radial bearings 35.36 and 37, 38 and in thrust bearings 39, 40. The drive shaft 10 and intermediate shafts 13 and 14 are installed in radial bearings 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, Auxiliary shafts 15 and 16 are mounted diametrically opposed to the shaft 6 of the screw 2. Helical gears 21 and 22 and 23, 24 have oppositely inclined teeth.

The operation of the extruder is as follows. When the engine is turned on, the shafts 5 and 6 begin to rotate, and through the couplings 3 and 4, the screws 1 and 2. The material is fed into the inlets of the extruder, mixed and

transported by screws 1 and 2.

The rotation of the shaft 5 of the screw 1 is carried out directly from the shaft 7 of the engine. The rotation of the shaft 6 of the screw 2 is carried out through a mechanism including a gear transmission

8-9, a drive shaft 10 on which two helical gears 11 and 12 with oppositely inclined teeth are installed (except for the gear wheel 9). These gears transmit torque to

gears 17,18 and 19, 20 mounted in pairs on the intermediate shafts 13 and 14. When the drive shaft 10 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4, in the tooth x of the wheels 17, 18 and 19, 20 axial

forces D moving these wheels in pairs towards. In this case, the springs 27, 28 and 29, 30 are compressed by an amount depending on the magnitude of the elastic forces of the springs, which should balance the axial forces arising on the tooth x of the wheel 17, 18, 19, 20 from the transmission

torque. Due to this design feature of the gear rotation mechanism, the torque is evenly distributed over two streams through two pairs of wheels mounted on the intermediate shafts 13 and 14.

The torque from the intermediate shafts 13 and 14 is transmitted to two auxiliary shafts 15 and 16 mounted diametrically opposite to the shaft 6. From the shafts 15 and 16, the torque is transmitted through the gears 21, 22 and 23, 24 and the wheels 25, 26 to the shaft 6. Since The shafts 15 and 16 are mounted diametrically opposite the shaft 6, then the axial D and radial - D forces acting in meshing from the transmission of torque are fully balanced. The axial movement of the auxiliary shafts 15 and 16 provides an automatic distribution of the torque transmitted by the auxiliary shafts 15 and 16 between the gears 21.22,23,24.

Thus, the teeth of the wheels 25 and 26 of the shaft 6 perceive only 25% of the torque transmitted to the screw. This eliminates uneven wear of the teeth of the wheels, dramatically reduces the total wear in the gear. The uniform distribution of torque between the gears of the gear, regardless of the clearances in the gears, eliminates the need for accurate manufacture of gears of the extruder. The complete exclusion of the action of bending moments on the shafts B, 6 screws 1. 2 (due to the balance of forces, D1, acting in meshing) and a significant reduction in the forces acting on the tooth of the wheels (25% instead of 50% in comparison with the prototype), allowed to increase reliability and long 3S 26, 6 5 S

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the extruder’s drive time and significantly increase the torque supplied to the screws, which is a necessary condition for the growth of the unit productivity of the extruder.

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An extruder for the processing of polymeric materials, comprising two auger housed in a housing connected to two auger shafts mounted in radial and thrust bearings, a screw rotation drive connected to the first screw by kinematic transmission and to the second screw by means of a rotation mechanism made in in the form of a drive shaft with two helical gears with opposite inclined teeth and two auxiliary shafts placed diametrically opposite to the screw shaft and kinematically connected with helical gears of the drive shaft and gear wheels of the screw shaft, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the extruder, the rotary mechanism of the second screw is equipped with two intermediate shafts, on each of which two gear wheels are mounted with springs at their ends installed with the possibility of axial, limited by the movement springs, with the possibility of engagement with helical gears of the drive shaft. and associated with two auxiliary shafts mounted with the possibility of axial movement and equipped with four helical gears arranged in pairs located on each auxiliary hall with oppositely inclined teeth mounted with the possibility of engagement with the gears of the second screw shaft. FiG. {(PLtr. If 6-6