RU1773701C - Method of combined tooling by cutting and surface-elastic warping - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the parts rotate and move the unbalanced combination tool along the surface to be machined, and the roughing and finishing tools and the deforming element are brought into contact with the part sequentially, and the finishing tool is introduced into the processing zone after the deforming element comes into operation. In this case, the final cutter and the deforming element are placed on diametrically opposite sides of the part, the rough cutter is set to the part normally to the plane of placement of the final cutter and the deforming element, and the size of the static setting of the final cutter of the combined tool is determined from the expression M H + Pg / j, where M is size of the static setting of the final cutter of the combined tool; H is the size of the dynamic settings of the rough cutter; Rd is the radial component of the deformation force; j is the rigidity of the technological system in the plane of the location of the finishing cutter and the deforming element. 3 ill. WITH

Description

The invention relates to the field of combined machining by cutting and surface plastic deformation of parts by an unbalanced combined tool and can be used for finishing and hardening processing of surfaces of machine parts.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect to the claimed invention is a method of combined processing by cutting and surface plastic deformation, in which the parts rotate and move the unbalanced combination tool along

the surface being machined, and the rough, finishing cutters and the deforming element are brought into contact with the part sequentially, and the finishing cutter is introduced into the processing zone after the deforming element comes into operation.

The disadvantages of this combined processing method include the fact that after the deforming element has come into operation during processing of each part, it is necessary to carry out a forced adjustment (by the operator or the executive mechanism of the Automatic control system) of the final cutter and, thus, enter the number & VI

h

W

"FROM

merchant cutter in the processing zone. This reduces the reliability of the processing process.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of control of the processing process by eliminating the sub-adjustment of the fine cutter.

In the known method of combined machining by cutting and surface-plastic deformation, the part is rotated and sequentially treated with roughing, finishing cutters and the deforming element of the combined tool, and the finishing cutter treatment is started after the deforming element comes into operation. According to the invention, the deformation tool and the finishing tool are arranged on diametrically opposite sides of the part in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the rough cutter and passing through the axis of the part, while the size of the static setting of the finishing tool of the combination tool is determined from the expression.

M I + RDL,

where M is the size of the static settings of the final cutter of the combined tool, mm;

H - the size of the dynamic settings of the rough cutter, mm;

Rd-radial component of the deformation force, N;

j is the rigidity of the technological system in the plane of the finish cutter and the deforming element, N / mm,

This embodiment of the method eliminates the need forcibly .- to fine-tune the finishing cutter (since the finishing cutter enters the processing zone automatically after the deforming element comes into operation). This increases the reliability of the processing process.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the implementation of the proposed method before the work of the deforming element and the final cutter; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method after a deforming element and a fine cutter come into operation.

To carry out the method, an unbalanced combination tool is used, comprising a housing 1 and a roughing cutter 2 mounted therein, a finishing cutter 3, a deforming element 4. The deforming element 4 rests on a support 5 and is spring-loaded with a spring 6.

Part 7 is mounted in the centers, and the housing 1 of the unbalanced combination tool is fixed in the tool post of the machine. The draft cutter 2, the finishing cutter 3 and the deforming element 4 are displaced in the axial direction of the part 7 relative to each other by an amount of It and

5 2 (values 11 and 2 are selected from structural considerations, proceeding from the condition of ensuring maximum processing productivity and excluding the ingress of chips under the deforming element). The clean cutter 3 and the deforming element 4 are placed on the diametrically opposite sides of the part 7, The rough cutter 2 is installed on the part 7 normally to the plane 8, in which the finishing

5 cutter 3 and deforming element 4, otherwise, upon exiting the processing of the black cutter 2, there will be significant elastic squeezes of the technological system, with the direction

0 to the final cutter, which will lead to a change in the amount of allowance removed from the part 7 by the clean cutter 3 and a decrease in machining accuracy. With the normal location of the rough cutter 2 to the plane 5, the elastic presses occurring in the technological system (when leaving the processing zone of the rough cutter 2) are directed normally to the plane 8 of the location of the final cutter 3, which even with a significant value of elastic compressions in the technological system in the moment of exit from the processing zone of the rough cutter 2 provides the minimum value of the change in the allowance on the final cutter 3 and is obtained at

5, the processing error is an order of magnitude smaller than the tolerance on the size of the surface to be treated,

Prior to processing, the top of the fine cutter 3 from the line of centers 9 of the machine (the size of the static setting of the fine cutter 3) is set at a distance determined from the expression

M-H + Rd / J,

where M is the size of the static setting of the net 5 cutter of the combined tool, mm;

H - the size of the dynamic settings of the rough cutter, mm;

Rd is the radial component of the deforming force, H;

j is the rigidity of the process system in the plane of the finishing cutter and the deforming element, N / mm.

Parts 7 impart rotation and move an unbalanced combination tool with feed S along the machined surface. The first draft cutter 2 comes into operation, takes off the allowance set for machining from the surface of part 7. When a combined tool passes the path I (h + l), the deforming element 4 enters the work, loading the technological system with a deformation force Rd. The resulting elastic compressions in the plane of the location of the finishing cutter 3 and the deforming element 4 are determined from the expression

,

where Y is the value of the elastic depressions of the technological system in the plane of the location of the finishing cutter and the deforming element;

Radial component of the deformation force;

j is the rigidity of the process system in the plane of the finish of the cutter and the deforming element.

Since the tip of the finishing cutter 3 was removed from the surface 10 formed on the part 7 by the rough cutter 2 by the value Y before the work of the deforming element 4 (in accordance with the size of the static setting of the finishing cutter), then when the part 7 is loaded with a deformation force, the tip of the finishing the cutter 3 automatically reaches the level of the previously obtained surface 10. In this case, the forced adjustment of the final cutter 3 is not required. At the same time, the rough cutter 2 and the part 7, when the deforming element 4 comes into operation, are removed from each other by the amount of elastic depressions of the technological system. A step with a height of Y is formed on the surface of the part. With further movement of the combined tool along the machined surface by the value I-), the finishing cutter cuts the step from part 7, i.e. Y-allowance, providing high precision machining parameters.

Example. Processing of shafts on the machine mod. 16K20F1 (rolling, initial accuracy 12 grade, steel 45 (HB 200-208) with a diameter of 73 mm and a length of 400 mm). Material of the cutting part of the T15K6 cutters. A ball knurl with a ball diameter of 12 mm was used as a deforming element. The rigidity j of the technological system was 4000 N / mm.

Processing Modes:

Part rotation speed 60-120 m / min;

Axial feed of the combined tool 0.08-0.25 mm / rev;

Depth of cut with rough cutter 0.4-1.5 mm;

Radial component of the deformation force Rd 800 N; mm; mm;

The size of the dynamic adjustment of the rough cutter is 35 mm.

The size of the static setting is determined from the expression 800

4000

35.2 mm.

The machined parts had a precision of 9 and surface roughness.

, 63-0.32 microns. The operating time of the combined failover process increased by 3-4 times. At the same time, a high accuracy of machining of the part was ensured without the need to retune the final cutter after

the entry into operation of the deforming element. Parts were machined automatically. The proposed method has high reliability.

Claims (1)

The claims A method of combined processing by cutting and surface-plastic deformation, in which the part is rotated and sequentially processed rough, fine cutters and the deforming element of the combined tool, moreover, the treatment with a fine cutter is started after the deformation element comes into operation, it is noteworthy and so that, in order to increase reliability by eliminating the subadjustment of the final cutter, the deforming tool and the final cutter is placed on diametrically opposite sides of the part in a plane perpendicular to the plane of placement of the rough cutter and passing through the axis of the part, while the size M of the static setting of the final cutter of the combined tool is determined from expressions:  - mm where H is the size of the dynamic settings of the rough cutter, mm; Rd is the radial component of the deformation force; j is the rigidity of the process system in the plane of the finishing cutter and the deforming element, N / mm. -JLA. nogepttytno f. c 8 / I 4 T Fig.Z