RU176057U1 - Device for biological wastewater treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to means for the biological treatment of slightly contaminated fresh and brackish waters containing finely divided oil products, and can be used for the post-treatment of wastewater from coal, chemical, petrochemical, and other industries after their preliminary treatment by mechanical, physicochemical, and biological methods. The technical result is achieved when using a device for biological wastewater treatment, containing systems for supplying and discharging water, capaciously with sections formed on supporting bridges, frame mesh pallets obliquely relative to the bottom of the tank, with a “turf” culture of Vaucheria algae placed in the working space of pallets, the photosynthetic layer of which is located in the treated water zone, while the mesh pallet is made in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear in the form of jointly knitted leotard loops from inextensible threads and leotard loops from elastomeric spandex threads. The technical result is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment Od and simplifying the operation of the device.

Description

The utility model relates to means for the biological treatment of slightly contaminated fresh and brackish waters containing finely divided oil products, and can be used for the post-treatment of wastewater from coal, chemical, petrochemical, and other industries after their preliminary treatment by mechanical, physicochemical, and biological methods.

Known devices for biological wastewater treatment, having a floating element made of two horizontally arranged hollow or filled with polyurethane foam and / or rubber crumb cylinders, flexible elastic load-bearing elements, with biological loading holding elements, which can be made in the form of interweaving eraser 2+ 2 of cellulose nitrate filaments, biological loading and anchor element (Patent RU 54937, IPC C02F 3/32, 07/27/2006, Patent RU 136433, IPC C02F 3/32, 01/10/2014, Patent RU 139480, IPC C02F 3/32, 20.04 .2014, Patent RU 142544, IPC C02F 3 / 32, June 27, 2014).

The disadvantages of these devices are the uncontrolled movements of the device in the pond, the need for fixing and anchor elements, as well as a high probability of separation of the plant from the supporting element.

A device for biological wastewater treatment, including located on a slope with underlying waterproofing soils, a channel with aquatic plants cultivated in its channel part, is divided into separate sections located on the slope one below the other and connected in series with culverts and layers of filter material, seeded moisture-loving perennial herbs slope with a filter layer located under it (Patent RU 2160234, IPC C02 F3 / 32, 10.12.2000).

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of its design and the dependence of efficiency on the season.

A device for biological wastewater treatment, containing a sump, a sewage inlet pipe to the sump, planting higher water plants, a drainage channel and a pipe that discharges treated waste water, in addition, this device also includes a U-shaped gutter located between the sump wall and the drainage channel in which higher aquatic plants are planted (Patent Ru 58118, IPC C02F 3/32, C02F 9/14, 10/10/2006).

The disadvantages of this device are the additional cost of a permeable film of a U-shaped trough, a moving stream of water through it, which reduces the cleaning efficiency and, in addition, the small volume occupied by the plants, which also reduces the cleaning efficiency.

The closest is a device for biological wastewater treatment, containing water supply and drainage systems, a container with sections and pallets in the form of frames with a restrictive flange, a mesh bottom and a removable top covering grid with aquatic vegetation (algae of the Vaucheria genus) sealed in support frames capacity obliquely relative to its bottom. At the same time, the “turf” of the Vaucheria algae is located in the working space of the pallets between the mesh bottom, the bounding flange and the upper covering grid, and the photosynthetic layer of algae is located above the covering grid in the area of the water to be cleaned (Copyright certificate SU 1429540, IPC C02F 3/32, 09.07. 1995).

The disadvantage of this device is the design of pallets, involving a large number of parts, which complicates the work with the device, its regeneration and cleaning, reduces efficiency.

The objective of this utility model is to expand the arsenal of tools for cleaning the thickness and surface of wastewater.

The technical result of the utility model is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment and simplify the operation of the device.

The technical result is achieved when using a device for biological wastewater treatment, containing water supply and drainage systems, a container with sections formed on support bridges, inclined relative to the bottom of the container with frame mesh pallets, with a “turf” of Vaucheria algae culture placed in the working space of pallets the photosynthetic layer of which is located in the zone of water to be purified, while the mesh tray is made in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear in the form of knitted Ethel tights of inextensible yarns and loops of tricot spandex elastomeric threads.

The essence of the technical solution is to simplify the design of the mesh pallet through the use of the claimed tubular elastic knitwear, simplifying the operation of the device and providing improved cleaning quality. Spandex elastic knitwear in the form of jointly knitted leotard loops from inextensible threads and leotard loops from elastomeric yarns spandex is easy to put on the pallet frame (due to the high extensibility and elastic properties of the knit), it keeps the “turf” of the Vaucheria algae culture formed between the knitted fabrics (thanks to buttonhole structure), works as an additional filter for suspended particles and provides additional purification from finely dispersed oil products (thanks to Peta linen structure of knitwear). In addition, the implementation of the mesh pallet from the claimed tubular elastic knitwear facilitates preventive work with the device, its regeneration and cleaning (due to the high extensibility and elastic properties of the knitwear, as well as simplifying and accelerating the work with the mesh working space of the pallet). As a result, improving the quality of wastewater treatment and simplifying the operation of the device is provided.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for biological wastewater treatment; in FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of the loops of leotards from inextensible threads; in FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of the hinges of spandex elastomeric threads.

A device for biological wastewater treatment contains a container 1 with a water supply pipe 2 and a distribution tray 3, forming a water supply system and a wastewater discharge system with drainage pipes 4, a valve 5 for adjusting the water level in the device. A number of frame mesh pallets 6 are installed in the container 1, obliquely relative to the bottom of the container 1, the frames of which have longitudinal 7 and transverse 8 stiffeners, and the working space is limited by tubular elastic knitwear 9 and filled with the “turf” of the Vaucheria algae culture. Tubular elastic knitwear 9 is worn on the pallet frames and functions as a mesh bottom and a mesh cover element for the “turf” of algae. It does not require the use of additional materials for the formation of "turf". Her role is played by knitwear 9. Living algae cells are attached by means of haustoria to a tubular elastic knitwear 9, in the process of growth they form a “turf” layer and grow up through the knitwear 9, forming a photosynthetic layer of living cells above it.

A number of pallets 6 form in the cavity of the container 1 section. One of the ends of the pallets 6 is attached to the support bridges 11 by means of hinged joints 10 and laid on the supporting elements 12 and 13, the number of which is determined by the number of pallets 6. The supporting elements 12 and 13 are interconnected, mounted on the supporting bridges 11 and hermetically adjacent to the walls and bottom of tank 1.

Tubular elastic knitwear 9 is obtained by combining in one loop a row of loops of weaving leotards from inextensible threads 14 and loops of leotards from elastomeric threads 15 spandex.

An elastic knitted fabric is knitted on a warp knitting machine using two combs. The first comb is tucked with inextensible thread and carries out the laying of tricot loops of inextensible threads 14, and the second comb is tucked with elastomeric thread 15 of the spandex type and carries out the laying of tricot loops from elastomeric threads 15. The resulting elastic knit fabric is joined on the Overlock machine along the fabric to form a tubular elastic knitwear 9.

For washing the culture during its operation, the device is equipped with a line of technical water supply, equipped with fittings to which a flexible hose is connected, having a spray at the end. In the bottom of the tank there are recesses 16 for collecting sediment.

The device operates as follows.

Wastewater after rough cleaning (mechanical, physicochemical or biological methods) containing residual amounts of finely dispersed oil products is supplied through a water supply pipe 2 to the distribution tray 3 of the device, where the speed of water is quenched and its uniform distribution over the entire width of the tray with exit through slotted holes into the working area of the tank 1, then they pass sequentially through a series of frame mesh pallets 6 with a culture of algae of the Vaucheria genus. The used inclined installation of pallets ensures the sequential passage of water in each of the pallets initially through a photosynthetic layer of living algae cells, then through a layer of tubular elastic knitwear 9, and then through a layer of “turf” in the thickness of the “bottom” part of tubular elastic knitwear 9.

Living cells of the algae of the Vaucheris genus intensify the release of finely dispersed oil products from the aquatic environment with their temporary fixation on their surface in the form of gradually enlarged conglomerates. At the same time, partial biochemical oxidation of trapped petroleum products takes place on the surface of photosynthetic algae cells. Conglomerates of particles of oil products, when they reach a critical mass, are washed out of the photo-synthesizing layer of algae culture by natural flow of water and captured by a layer of “turf”, where they undergo oxidation due to the vital activity of the active biocenosis of microorganisms formed in this layer. The finely dispersed oil products that are not caught by the algae cells and the turf layer, as well as those carried away by the water flow from the algae to their complete oxidation, are retained by the loop structure of the tubular elastic hosiery 9. Thus, on the one hand, the contact time of the oil products with the algae increases, on the other hand, the oil products remain in knitwear 9.

The sequential implementation of these operations on successive trays containing algae culture provides for the deep extraction of finely dispersed oil products from the aquatic environment with biochemical oxidation of trapped organic pollutants. Purified water is discharged from the device through the drainage pipes 4 of the drainage system.

During the operation of the device, biologically difficultly oxidized organic compounds are accumulated, as well as solid particles present in the wastewater, which leads to siltation. For periodic washing, pallets 6 are temporarily stopped when the water supply is temporarily stopped, tubular elastic knit 9 is removed and washed, for which tubular elastic knit 9 is stretched in radial and longitudinal directions. This allows you to maximize the pore size, which provides high-quality regeneration from trapped particles in the reverse flow of air or liquid. To clean from the delayed petroleum products, the tubular elastic jersey 9 is washed with appropriate organic solvents.

Thus, the use of a device for biological wastewater treatment, containing water supply and drainage systems, a container with sections formed on support bridges, is inclined relative to the bottom of the tank with frame mesh pallets made in the form of tubular elastic knitwear in the form of jointly knitted inextensible hinges threads and loops of tights made of elastomeric spandex threads, with a “turf” culture of Vaucheria algae located in the working space of pallets, a photosynthetic layer which s located in the zone of treated water, provides improved quality of wastewater treatment and simplified operation of the device.

Claims (1)

A device for biological wastewater treatment, containing water supply and drainage systems, a container with sections formed on support bridges, inclined with frame mesh pallets inclined relative to the bottom of the container, with a “turf” of Vaucheria algae culture, the photosynthetic layer of which is located in the working space of pallets in the zone of purified water, characterized in that the mesh tray is made in the form of a tubular elastic knitwear in the form of jointly knitted tights loops from inextensible threads and loops l Tights made of elastomeric spandex yarns.

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