RU17463U1 - ELECTRIC SPARKING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for electrospark alloying containing elastically suspended rod-type alloying electrodes and deforming elements evenly spaced through one having a common axis of rotation, characterized in that the deforming elements are made in the form of disk rollers freely rotating around their axes and moving, like alloying electrodes , together with the carriages holding them in the radial grooves of the housing with independent locking in the required position and an independent system for adjusting the clamping force, and each of electrodes has a separate current supply and an electromagnetic type vibrodrive, powered by a separate electric pulse generator.

Description

 - -: J5i, MKY V23H 9 / IOU

ELECTRIC SPARKING DEVICE

Explore the OTHOCHTCST model primarily for electric machining years and could be used for hardening various metal parts of machine parts and tools.

A device is known for electroerosive deposition of sewn from powder ferromagnetic materials, containing a disk mounted with the possibility of rotation around its axis, in whose radiating holes there are nl}. with rollers, and where they are located, there are teeth of a disk with a magnetizing winding 1% w and pole lugs for feeding ferromagnetic powder, a current lead and a vibro-hopper with ferromagnetic powder (Su, ed. s-c, No. 770720, class B23 P1 / 18, 19798). Ferro powder supplied from the vibratory hopper is held by a magnetic field on the iHHKOB incline surface and, due to the rotation of the disk, is transported to the processing zone to the surface of the workpiece. In the disk – product circuit, high-frequency pulsed current discharges ferro-powder appears, melt drops are welded to the product’s noBqjxHOCTbK, and spring-loaded rollers roll off the applied coating.

However, vv.d} - of large working currents (100-150 A / cm of the length of the pole piece), flowing through the pole pieces leads to their strong pq) periodic heating and thermo-cyclic and electro-erosion. bit) 1T1epi1o of their working options, As a result, the resistance of 11ol1x5x tips is low and t |; they need to be replaced, which makes the coating process more expensive. The rapid grinding of the working surfaces of the pole pieces contributes to the nqjaBHOMq HoM feeding the component to the part noBqjxnocm and increasing the unevenness of its transfer from the terminals to the surface of the latter. durability is bonded with a base, microhardness, continuity) and geometric characteristics of the surface layer of the coating (roughness, waviness, and thickness). At the same time, part of the ferropowder is scattered into the surrounding space, welded to the pole pieces, which reduces the efficiency of the process. With the help of this device, it is impossible to get coatings from nonmagnetic materials. In addition, in order to obtain the smallest values of the roughness and waviness of the coating, uniform eio thickness, it is necessary to fulfill the condition under which each trace of the molten powder “lies next to the surface on the surface of the part. This is achieved by a certain correlation of frequency. disk rotation and linear (minute) feed of the part, which limits the technological capabilities of this device

There is also known a device for electrospark alloying of metal surfaces, containing taro-suspended electrodes and a disk deforming element with an end working surface ъ mounted on an ultrasound inserted into the device; an iron oscillating system with a rod convector, in the axial step cavity of which an electric holder is placed, with the possibility of axial movements, in this case, the lightening electrodes are located in radial grooves made in the disk, and the oscillating system is spring-loaded in the direction brabatyvaemogo products. Moreover, the alloying electrodes have a common axis of rotation with a disk on which γ-pit ultrasonic vibrations (USC) are superimposed (RU, auth. St. KZ 2101145, class B23 H9 / 100, 1988). This device, due to its relatively low inertia, allows plastic deformation of the coating applied by the electric spark method for a time not exceeding the solidification time of the transported particles of the electrode material. This makes it possible to increase the hardness, continuity, and adhesion strength of the resulting coating with the base material, to improve geometrically characteristics of the noBq xHocTHoro coating layer - improve the parameters of roughness, waviness, and in particular, increase the relative support} and d.ayain profile. Due to the high transfer coefficient of the material of the electrodes on the surface, we process the surface (0.7 - 0, §), the efficiency of the process implemented using this device is high :.

However, in view of the relatively high sliding speeds of the end surface of the dr1sk relative to the processed noBq XHocn-i de1al11. the disk surface during the surface-plastic deformation of the applied coating due to sliding friction will quickly wear out, the roughness of the end surface of the disk will increase rapidly, and relate to it. Only a small thickness of the disk will contribute to faster} - its opening due to the heat of electric discharges, the heat of from mechanical energy supplied to the zokht in the form of ultrasonic vibrations, heat released from the friction of the disk on the surface of detag. Taking into account the fact that the deformation of the coating occurs in its heated state, the probability of welding (setting) of the surface of the disk to the applied layer increases sharply; coating. This will contribute to the destruction of both the applied coating and the surface of the disk material and will lead to a sharp increase in the roughness of the hardened surface. In addition, with large disk sizes (50 mm) and small thicknesses of the applied coatings, commensurate with the magnitude of the errors in the shape of the hardened surface (deviation from flatness, the shape of the given profile and the shape of the given surface) and with the value of the height of the undulation of the surface, deforming thin element (disk) will not be able to copy the latter and part of the applied coating will remain uncovered

In the plane, there is a relative mutual sliding of the disk and the hardened surface, which can lead to the formation of non-insulating (tensile) acute stresses in the coating coating layer. In addition, the electrodes, continuously sliding along the surface, partially break off the already applied tottafting.

In addition to the first, with the help of this device it is impossible to form multilayer coatings and smoothly change the width of the processing zone, which narrows its technological capabilities and does not allow processing parts with poultry smaller than the diameter of the deforming disk.

The technical problem, which is aimed at solving a useful model, is to improve the quality of the пок пок пок пок пок пок:::::) ия ия ия за за за счет счет замены замены замены замены замены замены процесса процесса процесса процесса процесса процесса процесса процесса т т т т т т т т между между между между между между и))))))))))) the slip between the electrodes and riOBqjXHOcTbro due to giving them oscillatory movements is normal to the latter, as well as due to the flexible selection of the hardening technology reapizable by the proposed device and the possibility of a smooth change in the width of the processing zone.

The means of achieving the task is that in a known mouth | A property for electrodes of Yuzed alloy containing suspended rod-type alloying electrodes and deforming elements., evenly spaced one, deforming elements having a obtuse axis of rotation, are hollowed out in disk rollers freely rotating around their axes and are fixed, like stucco electrodes, together with their carriages are sealed in radial grooves, with independent fixation in the required position and an independent system of clamping force, and each of the electrodes has a separate current supply and vibration rivod electromagnetic type powered by a separate generator elekficheskih pulses.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawings of FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. Z. In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a device for electric spark alloying; figure 2 is a view according to st | 5elk h in figure 1; in Fig. 3 is a functional diagram of z-worth.

The device has a disk casing 1 in which there are radial grooves 2 in which the carriage 3 of the loading device 4 of the disk rollers 5 and the carriage of the vibrodrives 7 of the light electrodes 8 are moved in the radial direction. The carriages 3 and 6 can be fixed in the radial grooves in the required position using screws 9 and 10, respectively. The disk rollers rotate freely on the axes 11 installed in the rods 12, the loading of which is spring-loaded 1414, their interference fit is regulated by the nuts 14. The supporting electrodes are held in position by the collet holder 15, and their extension is regulated by the nuts 16, the electrode holders are mechanically connected with the cores 17 of the electromagnets 18 and the return 11 of the drive 19 alloying electrodes. Eleuroische

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electrodes 8 and electric motor: electromagnets 18 of their drives are made: from renqjaxopoB electric poles and electrical impulses 20 through separate diodes 21 copper-graphite brushes 22, custom dropper 23, mounted on the insulator 25 installed on the insulator 25 installed on 24. The shaft receives rotation from a high-torque electric motor (not shown) and drives it to a disk Koprrvc. The processed child 26 is locked on the table of the machine 27 and is fed with electric impulses from both reHq aTopoB.

The device operates as follows. The device is secured to the machine support with the help of a q5a-} L solder (not shown). The disk casing 1 of the device is brought into contact with the alloying electrodes 8 and the disk rollers 5 with the detail 26 for a given strain value ripyiiaiii 13 and return springs 19 of the alloying electrodes. The required tightening torque is ensured by: creating a preliminary tightness of the springs 13 using the nuts 14. On the day of the implementation of the other variant of the hardening technology, the disk rollers 5 and the lightweight elements 8 are located at the distance from the center of rotation of the disk casing, 1 due to movement cages 3 and 6, respectively, in the radio slots 2 with their subsequent fixation of the fitting 9 and 10 in a predetermined position. The high-torque electric motor is turned on and qq.e is rotated on shaft 25, and from it to disk 1 of the device. The housing 1 carries along the alloying electrodes 8 and the deforming disk rollers 5, which run around the coating applied by the electrodes to the surface of the part. At the same time, the power supply of the lightening electrodes is switched on. Working electrical pulses are supplied to the doping electrodes 8 from the disconnected generators of electrical pulses 20, which allows independent change of the doping modes on the electrodes. The split-phase diodes 21 make it possible to exclude mutual influence of the HHq aTOpoB other} t. Switching of the electrodes 8 with the help of the details of the workpiece 26 Б 1 Б Б я It is possible with the help of electromagnets 18 containing cores 17 that are charged to the surface of the part with return springs 19. The springs 19 simultaneously provide a supply of pressure to the outlet of the electrodes 8. At the moment of flowing -: current through to the trays of the electromagnet coils 18 guides by the action of electromagnetic forces, the cores 17, overcoming the resistance of the springs 19, are pulled into the coils, and the electrodes 8 are torn off from the surface by It is activated and the parts 26 are formed between a spark} promez1 u1hzh (VC). Under the action of electric discharges, the material of the electrodes 8 occurring in the electric field 8 is transferred to the surface of the part 26. With further dissociation of the electricians and the electric surface, the electric resistance of the electric field increases with age; spark discharges between them cease, the current in the power supply circuits of the electrodes is absent and they are returned to their original state under the action of the springs 19, 1C1KL is repeated. Change of device relative to the surface of the part is possible due to the feed movement in the machine. Possible options

h;

Rea.Sh1zats11 technology t1rochnsn1.sh surface detapi using the proposed device are shown in table 1.

The preceding device was re-adapted on the basis of disjointed electric pulse generators, and a vertically milling machine was used as a system. Options for possible reapization of hardening technology. The ratio of the diameters Pe and Vd

.J fizD52rP5irDA2. Vdd-vdz

3 I I11PD + E14L + 11PD

Notes:

1. Be1, Be2 and Od1 Rd2 are the diameters of the expansion of the conventionally first and second lightning electrodes and disk horns (deforming elements), respectively;

2. AE L. - electric search | ee alloying, 1111D - surface and partial deformation.

Comparative tests of 3 devices were carried out, including a rotating disk housing with alloying electrodes and deforming elements. The first device mode.trovshil work prototype. The second device was basic, with respect to its achieved technological characteristics of conducting the hardening process, the proposed device was compared. The basic device is similar in design to the assumed one but the deforming elements in it do not run around the surface of the processed child. but just glide over it. Samples from 4 T niamarkl SCH24 were hardened. hardness HB 170,., 190 with dimensions 500x140x40 mm, polished to Ra 0.86-1 D microns. At the same time, the average pitch of the irregularities in the composition profile was Sm-34–46 μm, and the relative support q, profile pins, a was tjo equal to 14–21%.

The processing regimes of experimental samples during the testing of all three devices .2sch ESA are given in table 2, the technical characteristics of these devices1c are shown in table 3. XapaKiqjMCTMKii obtained with these devices are shown in table 4, and the achieved cue indicators of the characteristics of the process of spark spark doping in table 5 ,

From tables 4 and 5 it can be seen that the proposed device for electrospark alloying of surfaces with steam, meters of the thickness of the applied coating, its microhardness, continuity is practically not inferior to thin devices for electrodes alloying, and in terms of roughness and, in particular, in the value of the relative reference length of the profile . ha | 5acteriotics of the occurrence, the average step of professional irregularities, the sign of residual stresses, power consumption, the possibility of complex and

Table 1

I transitions

E1№-PGSH | 5 11ГЩ + Э1Ш | komplekshnos.

eil- -pgsch + eil

multilayer

multilayer I Sequence of I-I Tin formed1 milking of technological j-th coating

multilayer P01FETY; the possibility of a change in the width of the zone of ooraootoot to d | eugim exceeds them.

The use of this device makes it possible to obtain complex and multilayer npaivTM4eciGi coatings without defects in the surface layer in the final fissures of metattl, with a low roughness noBqjxHOCTiij with guaranteed compressive stresses in the surface layer and a large value of the relative support impurity of a higher surface area, which positively affects the wear resistance.

The use of this mouth | The properties of D-hardening steel and cast iron guides for reducing the metal-processing equipment allows to increase their wear4:) resistance by 8 times, and TURNING TBq ocanaBHbix plates for cutting tools, including turning without coolant. increases the resistance of the latter by 15-20%. When hardening carbide plates from VK8 alloy, electrodes made of electrographite were used, and in the quality of material of deformed elements, alkali boron nitride was used,

Directions for processing experimental samples

Table Technical1: e characteristics. devices for electrospark alloying

Table 3

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Claims (1)

A device for electrospark alloying containing elastically suspended rod-type alloying electrodes and deforming elements uniformly spaced through one having a common axis of rotation, characterized in that the deforming elements are made in the form of disk rollers freely rotating around their axes and moving, like alloying electrodes , together with the carriages holding them in the radial grooves of the housing with independent locking in the required position and an independent system for adjusting the clamping force, and each of electrodes has a separate current supply and an electromagnetic type vibrodrive, powered by a separate electric pulse generator.