RU17394U1 - HYDROPONIC PLANT FOR PLANT GROWING - Google Patents

Description

PERFECT PLANT FOR PLANT GROWING

The utility model relates to the field of crop production and, in particular, to plants providing optimal light and nutritional conditions for growing vegetables, flowers, seedlings, etc. during the circle of the logo of the year.

A number of hydroponic plants for growing plants is known (I. Aliev E., Vegetable and Floriculture, Kiev, 1990; Z. Gvdroponny method for growing green corolla ..., VASKHNIL SO, Novosibirsk, 1988, Z. Sv-in at PM, 5705, 06/01/93).

Also known is a hydroponic plant growing plant (4.СВ-0 on ПМ, 12935, 09/12/99) adopted as ПГТОТИП, containing a modular frame with pallets equipped with drain fittings and gratings inside for placement of the substrate and capillary fabric lowered to the bottom. In addition, it is equipped with lamps, which creates optimal conditions, along with watering, for year-round cultivation of plants.

With the undoubted advantages of the prototype has disadvantages. Firstly, under conditions of supplying an aqueous solution only from below, sometimes a veriuste substrate sludge is poorly moistened to a depth of 1-2 cm from the surface, and even dries out, which is undesirable, especially in the initial stages of seedling cultivation (seed germination and rooting of their roots in the substrate layer ) Secondly, the change in air humidity over the substrate, which occurs when the temperature of the room in which the installation is raised, sometimes negatively affects the plants. It is especially important to maintain a constant, increased air humidity if heat- and moisture-loving plants are grown that require constantly high humidity of the surrounding air.

The technical result of the utility model is:

- prevention of drying of the upper layer of the substrate,

-provision of local increase and maintenance of air humidity over plants,

- ensuring uniform watering for a long time (from two to seven days),

-the ability to implement foliar dressing in a uniform mode.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a hydroponic plant growing plant, which contains a modular frame with pallets provided with gratings inside for placement of a substrate and a sheet of capillary-porous material, lowered to the bottom and a system of fixtures, additionally apply 2 L O O I: g 5 7 6 g

IPC A 01 from 31/02

There is a water tank located above the pallets, an outlet pipe with a valve for each module, which is connected through two splitters and hoses to two loop-shaped water diffusers located above each pan, offset from each other relative to each other, such as between them and relative to the edges of the pallet equal distances are provided, and having freedom of vertical movement, while the water supply inlets are opposite to each other, and the frame is equipped with means for fixing the film curtain. The specified technical result is also achieved by the fact that the valves of the water tank are made in the interior of the electromagnetic valve connected to the electronic threshold circuit, the input of which is connected to a humidity sensor.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive hydroponic installation is different in that it has nodes that ensure the preservation of the substrate layer from drying out and the required humidity above the substrate, regardless of the humidity in the room. That is, the claimed installation meets the criterion of novelty.

Components and details of the installation are made of known materials and components; several samples of the plants have already been manufactured and are being tested, which suggests that it meets the criterion of industrial applicability.

The utility model is illustrated by the drawing in figure 1.

Here: on figa) is given a vertical section of the installation and a top view that shows the relative position of the water diffusers located above the subzone; on Fig) - an electromagnetic valve (valve) with a control circuit. Here: I - frame, 2 - pallets, 3 - water tank, 4 - fixtures, 5 - grille, 6 - capillary-porous fabric, 7 - substrate, 8 - fitting, 9 - transparent hose, 10 - clamp, 11 , flanges (only II for the upper module is shown), 12, valves (solenoid valves), 13 splitter, 14.15 - hoses, 16.17 - water diffusers, 18.19 brackets, 20.21 - chains, 22, - clamps, 24 - solenoid valve-valve control circuit, 25 - humidity sensors, 26 spray guns.

The hydroponic installation is a frame modular structure of several floors (only two floors are shown in Fig. 1). Everyone can work on an independent production cycle (for example, in the drawing, the upper module is shown in the stage after sowing the seeds, and the lower one is in the stage of seedlings already ready for transplanting. The base frames of the frame I have pallets 2 and a container for water 3 and are suspended fixtures 4, In pallets are placed - a lattice 5, on which a capillary-porous cloth b is fixed and a substrate is placed 7. From below, each pallet has a nozzle 8 connected to a transparent hose 9, its free end, while the solution is in the pan, clip 10 higher ver the edges of the pan, thereby ensuring that the solution does not spill out of the pan. The tank 3 is provided with a flange II, (the other flange is not visible). The zoda enters them from different sides from each other - to the left and to the right, which makes it possible to compensate for the influence of uneven water outflow along the loop length, which was trained by the distributed static hydraulic resistance. Since the hinge tubes are made of glass or plastic - the roughness of the inner walls is low and the hydraulic resistance is low, the measure taken to compensate for it is quite accurate. Both hinges of the diffusers are displaced both relative to each other at equal distances in and from the edges of the pallet. Both scatterers are fastened with brackets 18 and 19 and hung on chains 20 and 21 to the frame frame on the hooks, for example. that they can be moved up and down. In the upper part of the frame, clamps 22 and 23 are fixed, as at the level of the frame at the bottom for the first module, for securing plank curtains.

In a number of modifications of the hedroponic installation, the valves 12 and 12 are made as an electromagnetic valve-valve, which is electrically connected to the control circuit of the electromagnetic valve 24. The input of the circuit is connected to a humidity sensor 25, the sensing element of which is located in the surface layer of the substrate in the pressed pan.

Hydroponic installation works as follows. After placement on the grate 5 of the web b and the substrate 7, the hose 9 is fixed in the clamp 10. A nutrient solution is poured through the substrate. This provides quick wetting of the entire volume of the substrate. The level of the solution is controlled by the level of the solution in the transparent hose 9 at the mark that is applied to the wall of the pallet. From this moment, the solution will rise along the capillaries of the canvas b to the roots of the plants and the surface of the substrate, as it expends on evaporation and absorption by the roots of the plants. The solution level is maintained by watering the substrate. To drain the solution, use a hose 9.

- 4 tiliks outweigh higher, maintaining a distance of 5-6 cm from the plants,

The practice of growing different types of plants showed that if the air humidity in the room is low, then the solution from the surface of the substrate evaporates faster than it comes to it through the capillaries in an amount sufficient for plant development, which violates the technology of growth and stops the development of plants. This is especially undesirable at the initial stage of development of seeds and seedlings of plants in which the root system spreads along the surface of the substrate. That is why in the inventive installation applied drip irrigation system. When the valve 12 is opened, water from the tank 3 enters the loop diffusers 16 and 17 having openings with a diameter of 0.51.5 mm uniformly distributed along the length from below. The hinges are offset from each other at equal distances between each other and relative to the edges of the pallet. This ensures uniform drip irrigation of the soil or plants, and also allows them to be placed between the rows of plants. The rigid fastening of the loops to each other and the suspension on the chains, ensuring their vertical movement, makes it possible to water the plants from above and provide their foliar subcortex, replacing water with a given subcorpse solution. Shaking the diffuser across the lines of seedlings by 0, provide undergrowth with equal doses for each plant. Due to the change in hydrodynamic resistance along the length of horizontal loops, less water is obtained at their closed end. Therefore, the power of each loop is made from different sides.

In hydroponic installations operating in automatic mode, in which the observation of the irrigation mode by a person is excluded (days off, being in special climatic conditions, etc.), the ordinary valve is replaced by an electromagnetic valve-valve, which is controlled by an electronic control circuit 24 at the input of which humidity sensors are 25. The sensitive part of the sensors is placed to a depth of 1-2 cm in the substrate (in accordance with the technology). As the surface of the substrate dries, the sensor signal changes and, as soon as its signal reaches a certain threshold, the electronic circuit includes and opens the electromagnetic valve-valve 12 and drip irrigation occurs. Upon reaching a predetermined humidity of the substrate, the sensor signal becomes such that the threshold circuit disables the electromagnetic valve, which closes the flow of water.

 5 23.22 Suspended by the film store. Using a spray gun 26, water is sprayed inside the curtain, sometimes together with a crust from a mixture of trace elements and fertilizers.

Claims (2)

1. Hydroponic plant growing plant, comprising a modular frame with pallets provided with drain fittings and gratings inside for placement of a substrate and a web of capillary-porous material, lowered to the bottom, and a lighting system, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a water tank, located above the pallets, the outlet pipe with a valve, which through a splitter and hoses connected to two loop-shaped water diffusers located above each pallet of modules, offset relative to each other each other so that between them and with respect to the edges of the pallet equal distances are ensured and having freedom of vertical movement, while the entrances to them are located opposite each other, and the frame is equipped with means for attaching the film curtain. 2. Hydroponic plant growing plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve of the water tank is made in the form of an electromagnetic valve connected to an electronic control circuit, the input of which is connected to a humidity sensor.