RU173604U1 - Thermal protective burner device multimode - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to combined gas-liquid burner devices of the blast type for tube furnaces in the chemical, petrochemical and oil industries. The gas burner contains a gas housing (2) with a secondary air fan valve (9), a nozzle (4) for installing a pilot ignition gas burner, an air swirler (5) made of heat-resistant steel, and a gas manifold with a nozzle for gas supply and perforated holes, the liquid part burner nozzle located inside the housing. The nozzle consists of external and internal pipes. Moreover, on the front flange of the gas manifold (2), removable gas nozzles (10) are located at an angle of 17 ° to the center of the axis of the burner. The flange is a flat ring with a tapered cone to the center of the axis of the burner at an angle of 17 ° and is the front of the gas manifold (2). The utility model allows you to change the thermal power of the burner, stabilize the flame and prevent its separation due to structurally located removable nozzles.

Description

The utility model relates to combined gas-liquid burner devices of the blast type for tube furnaces in the chemical, petrochemical and oil industries. It can be used in thermotechnical devices for various purposes in other industries. Burner type "burner thermoprotective multimode UGTM".

A gas-oil burner is known, comprising a housing with a fuel oil nozzle mounted on its axis, an annular gas chamber, a central one with a swirl and peripheral air channels, including a third channel with a swirl between the central and peripheral channels, while the air is twisted in the 3rd channel opposite to the twist of air in the central channel. (a.s. SU No. 354223, F23D 17/00, 01/20/1967)

The disadvantages of this invention are:

1) The inability to use heat-resistant natural gases as fuel. This is explained by the fact that the ring gas chamber, due to direct heat exchange under the direct influence of the radiation energy of the flame of the burning fuel, is heated to a pyrolysis temperature of gas and above, while heating and decomposition of heat-unstable gas occurs with the formation of soot clogging the channels and nozzles, which can only be cleaned when stop the operation of the furnace and dismantle the burner.

2) The irrational use of two air flows with the opposite twist for mixing gas and air and the formation of a gas-air mixture. This is because the energy capabilities of the two flows are the same, and when they meet, they cancel each other out, so mixing can occur only in the meeting zone and the mixing zone does not cover the entire volume of these two flows.

A gas-oil burner is known, comprising a housing and an air pipe with a swirl, a central steam-oil nozzle and a gate, an air flow regulator and an annular gas manifold with nozzles located coaxially with the axis of the burner, mixers that are mounted directly on the nozzles, and the ratio of the diameter of the circle through which the axes pass nozzles to the caliber of the burner is 0.7-0.8 (patent RU No. 94025341 A1, F23D 17/00 from 06/07/1994).

The disadvantages of this invention are:

1) The inability to use heat-resistant natural gases as fuel. This is explained by the fact that the ring gas chamber, due to direct heat exchange under the direct influence of the radiation energy of the flame of the burning fuel, is heated to a pyrolysis temperature of gas and above, while heating and decomposition of heat-unstable gas occurs with the formation of soot clogging the channels and nozzles, which can only be cleaned when stop the operation of the furnace and dismantle the burner.

2) The use of kinetic energy of a vapor-oil emulsion ejected from the nozzle for mixing with air during the formation of a fuel-air mixture is irrationally organized. This is explained as follows: the air flow from the nozzle, swirled by a swirl, is discarded by centrifugal forces to the periphery, mixes with the jets of the air-gas mixture, but does not meet in full with the jets of the vapor-oil emulsion from the direct-flow nozzle at the inlet into the embrasure, when the speed of the emulsion and air jets is not the embrasures were also reduced in the diffuser and the intensity of the mixing process could be greater. The meeting of the emulsion jets with the reverse flows of a mixture of air and gas from the periphery to the center occurs due to the rarefaction in the center, but the intensity of the mixing process will be much lower in this case. Thus, all gas and only part of the emulsion are mixed with air. The rest of the emulsion is mixed with the backward flow of the mixture, most likely burning, this leads to a significant uneven distribution of fuel and air and temperature field throughout the volume of the flame, which causes an increase in the content of CO and NO _x in the combustion products.

3) The intensity of the process of mixing air with fuel is low, this is explained as follows: since the burner is mounted on the casing of the furnace immediately before the embrasure, the diffuser part of the embrasure plays the role of the mixing chamber, in this case the flow rates of gas, air and vapor-oil emulsion decrease, the intensity of the mixing process and the formation of the air-fuel mixture is reduced, the process of formation of a complete mixture is delayed in time, it ignites at a time when the uneven concentration

air and fuel volume of the torch is still large, which leads to a significant non-uniformity of the temperature field and ultimately to an increase in the concentration of CO and NO _x in the combustion products.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical results to the claimed invention is the burner disclosed in patent RU 2267706 01/10/2006 C1. The dual-fuel furnace burner contains a housing with a fan shutter, an annular gas collector coaxial to the housing, a controlled swirl, a gas supply pipe, an air duct formed by the central channel of the gas manifold, and a liquid nozzle for the vortex atomization of fuel oil by steam.

Replaceable nozzles with perforated walls are installed in the annular gas manifold, the channels of which are directed at an angle α = 10 ÷ 20 ° to the axis of the burner. In front of the gas manifold with axial clearance S _1, a protective shield is freely installed on the distance struts taking into account the possibility of thermal expansion. The channels of the replaceable nozzles are directed into the openings of the shield. At the same time, a diaphragm is made with the end of the gas manifold. Between the housing and the outer diameter of the diaphragm there is a radial clearance S ₂ . Between the housing and the outer diameter of the shield there is a radial clearance S ₃ . Between the collector and the housing there is a radial clearance S ₀ .

The controlled swirl includes rotary blades on the radial axes, which in turn are fixedly mounted in the hollow axis screwed onto the thread in the central threaded sleeve of the fan damper. The hollow axis is locked in the threaded sleeve with a lock nut. To rotate the axis on it there are end grooves. A cylindrical leash is fixed on the leading edge of the blade, mating with the annular groove of the central threaded sleeve of the fan shutter. Replaceable nozzles are installed in the coaxial grooves of the gas manifold and secured with plugs. The nozzle is sealed with o-rings. To ensure reliable operation of the seals, elastic elements are introduced between the nozzle end and the plug. The angular position of the nozzle relative to its axis is fixed by special devices such as tenon grooves, which in the drawing are conditionally not

are shown. A nozzle is mounted using a collet sleeve. The collet sleeve has the ability to rotate in the axis and is secured against axial movement. When the nut is rotated, the collets are compressed and fix the nozzle in the necessary axial position. An ejector nozzle mounted on the collet sleeve is installed at the nozzle exit. A cylindrical spacer is installed between the front skin of the embrasure and the casing, and a protective tube with the possibility of free thermal expansion is installed on the radial pins inside the spacer with a radial clearance S ₄ on the radial pins. The spacer has a slot for installing the ignition device and a rotary damper. There is a peephole mounted in the same way as the socket. The internal cavity of the pipe forms a mixing chamber. The dual-fuel furnace burner is attached to the front skin of the furnace embrasure with the help of paws, bolts and nuts.

A disadvantage of the known utility model is the impossibility of changing the thermal power of the burner to stabilize the flame and prevent its separation.

The objective of this utility model is to develop a burner with the ability to change the heat output, stabilize the flame and prevent its separation.

The technical task of this utility model is the ability to change the thermal power of the burner, stabilize the flame and prevent its separation due to structurally located removable nozzles.

The technical result of the utility model is realized due to the following design features of the burner. Thus, the burner contains a housing (1) with a fan flap (9), a gas manifold (2), a swirl (5), a gas supply pipe (3), an air duct (6), and a nozzle located inside the housing and gas nozzles of the gas manifold located at an angle located at an angle to the axis of the burner. At the same time, it is new that the gas case (1) includes a pipe (4) for installing a pilot pilot gas burner, while the gas manifold contains perforated holes of large diameter (D) = 10 mm in an amount of 20 pieces and a small diameter ( d) = 4 mm - 20 pcs. for gas output to the furnace through removable gas nozzles; the fluid part of the burner nozzle is located inside

casing and consists of the outer and inner pipes, on the front flange of the gas manifold (2) are located at an angle of 17 degrees to the center of the axis of the burner gas nozzles, while the nozzles (10) of larger diameter are removable and made of heat-resistant stainless steel; between the removable nozzles in the flange are nozzles (11) of smaller diameter made of heat-resistant steel, while nozzles (10 and 11) are holes drilled directly in the body of the flange, the flange is a flat ring with a thickness of 14 mm and a width of 33 mm with a grooved cone to the center of the burner axis at an angle of 17 degrees and is the front of the gas manifold (2).

In the drawings, the burner of FIG. 1 is a rear view, and in FIG. 2 front view:

1 - gas housing;

2 - gas collector;

3 - pipeline;

4 - pipe;

5 - swirl;

6 - duct;

7 - mounting device;

8 - flange;

9 - fan damper of the secondary air;

10 - gas nozzles of larger diameter;

11 - gas nozzles of smaller diameter;

12 - the trunk is central;

13 - L-shaped mounting angles;

14 - clamping nut;

15 - duct with sector adjust the rotation of the flap.

The burner consists of three main parts (gas, liquid and air), arranged in a single unit. The gas part of the burner is a gas case (1), which includes a secondary air fan flap (9), an air damper (15) with a sector for adjusting the rotation of the flap (16) and a pipe (4) for installing a pilot ignition gas burner, an air swirl ( 5) made of heat-resistant steel and a gas manifold (2) (gas chamber) with a pipeline (3) for supplying gas to perforated holes, large diameter (D) = 10 mm (20 pcs.) And small diameter (d) = 4 mm (20 pcs.) for gas outlet to the furnace. The liquid part of the burner-nozzle type ФПЖ is located inside the housing (1) and consists of an external pipe (steam barrel), an internal pipe through which fuel oil enters and through the holes enters the head sprayer. In the mixing chamber, the emulsion is exposed to steam jets, which produce the final crushing of fuel oil droplets, after which the vapor-liquid emulsion flows through the openings in the distribution head into the combustion zone.

Low pressure air for atomization and combustion is supplied from the fan through the duct (6) to the burner body. Here, the primary air passes through the swirl (5), picks up and swirls the fuel oil stream and, together with the picked up fuel, goes to the furnace. Secondary atmospheric combustion air can enter through the windows of the register (17) located in front of the burner. When the burner is running on gas, the last of the gas pipelines enters the burner manifold, from where it is distributed over the gas outlet openings. For combustion, air supplied by the fan can be used, as well as atmospheric.

On the front flange (8) of the gas manifold, there are 40 pieces of gas nozzles (10 and 11) at an angle of 17 degrees to the center of the axis of the burner, of which 20 nozzles (10) with a larger diameter (D) of 10 mm are removable, made of heat-resistant stainless steel grade 20X23H18 (AISI 310) or its analogues. Removable (replaced during the selection and calculation of thermal power) nozzles (10) allow you to change the thermal

burner power. Also between the removable nozzles in the flange are 20 nozzles of smaller diameter (d) 4 mm (11), which act as a flame stabilizer and prevent flame detachment. Small diameter nozzles are made of heat resistant steel grade 10X23H18 (AISI 310S) or its analogues. These nozzles (10 and 11) are holes drilled directly in the body of the flange and correspond to the perforated holes of the gas manifold. The flange itself is a flat ring with a thickness of 14 mm and a width of 33 mm with a grooved cone to the center of the axis of the burner at an angle of 17 degrees and is the front of the gas manifold.

A central shaft is mounted in the center of the burner, which is a pipe with a diameter of 57 × 4. In the rear part of the central barrel (12), according to its outer diameter, there are several through holes with threaded threads through which through the 3 screws M6x1 screwed into them, the vapor-liquid nozzle or exhaust gas injector inserted into the hole of the central barrel is fixed in the desired position.

The presence of 3 windows with movable adjustable flaps in the shell of the burner body measuring 80 × 80 mm serves to organize the supply of secondary atmospheric air for combustion in the case of operation of the UGTM burner in the injection mode, subject to self-tightening, when air supply from the fan is impossible for any reason , with achievement of rated thermal power.

At the same time, a 56 × 2 thread is cut on the back of the central barrel and, when mounting the duct, a clamping nut (14) 56 × 2 is screwed in, which through the centering sleeve welded to the back of the duct attracts it to the burner body and fixes it in the right place for installation position. Such a system of fastening the duct to the burner allows it to rotate 360 degrees, which, when mounting the burner to the main line, supplying air from a stationary fan, greatly simplifies the connection of the duct to the line.

The burner is equipped with an adjustable mounting device (7) to the burner stone. The device consists of a shell ring with an inner diameter of 377 mm and

the wall thickness of the ring is 6 mm and two L-shaped corners welded to the ring (13) 75 × 75 and a length of 270 mm. Two slots 51 mm long and 18 mm wide are located across the corner, which allows you to fasten the device to the burner stone plate without leaving a gap between the device and the burner stone, in order to avoid unnecessary intake of external air. There are 4 slots 9 mm wide and 41 mm long along the circumference of the shell ring with its width of 50 mm, which allows the burner to move along the axis when it is attached to the device by screwing 4 M6x1 bolts into 4 holes with M6x1 threads located on the outer perimeter in front burner housings. This design of the fastening device in the compartment with the ability to rotate the burner duct around the axis by 360 ° allows connecting the mounting holes on the flanges of the manifold and the duct and tight contact of the outlet and inlet openings through the gasket when connecting the burner duct to the central air line, which is very important when burner piping has already been installed (for example, when replacing an old burner with a new one).

In addition, the gas casing (2) with a fan secondary air damper (9) has a duct damper with a sector for adjusting the rotation of the damper (15).

Claims (1)

A burner comprising a housing (1) with a fan shutter (9), a gas manifold (2), a swirl (5), a gas supply pipe (3), an air duct (6), a nozzle located inside the housing, gas nozzles of a gas manifold located under angle to the axis of the burner, characterized in that the gas housing (1) includes a pipe (4) for installing a pilot ignition gas burner, while the gas manifold contains perforated openings for gas outlet into the furnace, the liquid part of the burner — the nozzle is located inside the housing and consists of external and internal th pipes, on the front flange of the gas manifold (2) are located at an angle of 17 ° to the center axis of the burner gas nozzles, while the nozzles (10) of larger diameter are removable and made of heat-resistant stainless steel, between the removable nozzles in the flange there are nozzles (11) smaller diameter made of heat-resistant steel, while nozzles (10 and 11) are holes drilled directly in the body of the flange, the flange is a flat ring with a tapered cone to the center of the axis of the burner at an angle of 17 ° and is the front of the gas collector (2).

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