RU173420U1 - COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to tillage units for surface tillage. The combined soil cultivating unit includes a frame on which vertical columns with axles are mounted and spherical disks mounted on axles with the possibility of rotation, having an adjustable angle of attack, and deep rippers. On the periphery of the spherical disks with equal angular pitch, figured recesses are made in the form of a semicircle. The vertices of the spherical disks located between the curly notches are made triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the spherical disk, and the cutting edge of the vertices is bilaterally sharpened. At the rear of the unit are transport and technological wheels. Behind the transport and technological wheels, soil-cultivating rollers are installed, containing a frame, rods with springs, axles, end and intermediate disks. Along the periphery of the end and intermediate disks with equal angular pitch, trims and rods are installed. The geometric axis of rotation of the tillage rollers are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the unit, and the tillage rollers are installed with the ability to copy the relief of the field surface and regulate the pressure on the soil. Such a design of the combined tillage unit will improve the quality of tillage.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to tillage units for surface tillage.

Known multifunctional combined tillage unit [Patent RU No. 2460265. Publ. 09/10/2012, Bull. No. 25], which includes a frame with transverse bars fixed on it, on which movable vertical racks with axles are mounted and spherical disks mounted on the axles with the possibility of rotation, having an adjustable angle of attack, rippers, transport and technological wheels are installed behind the unit.

However, the known tool has a disadvantage, which can be attributed to the unsatisfactory quality of tillage.

The technical result is an increase in the quality of tillage.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that along the periphery of the spherical disks with equal angular pitch perform curly notches in the form of a semicircle. The vertices of the spherical disks located between the figured recesses are triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the spherical disk, and the cutting edge of the vertices is sharpened bilaterally. Behind the transport and technological wheels, soil cultivating rollers are installed, containing a frame, rods with springs, axles, end and intermediate disks. Planks and rods are installed along the periphery of the end and intermediate disks with equal angular pitch, and the geometrical axes of rotation of the tillage rollers are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the unit, and the tillage rollers are installed with the possibility of copying the relief of the field surface and regulating the pressure on the soil.

In FIG. 1 shows a combined tillage unit, side view, in FIG. 2 - tillage roller, view A.

The combined tillage unit includes a frame 1 on which vertical posts 2 with axles 3 are mounted and spherical discs 4 mounted on axles 3 with an adjustable angle of attack. On the periphery of the spherical disks 4 with equal angular pitch, figured recesses are made in the form of a semicircle. The vertices of the spherical discs 4 located between the curly notches are triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the spherical disc 4, and the cutting edge of the vertices is bilaterally sharpened. On the frame 1, between the spherical disks 4, rippers 5 are installed, and behind the unit are installed transport and technological wheels 6 with hydraulic cylinders 7. In the front of the frame 1 there is a coupling 8 and support wheels 9.

On the frame 1 of the combined tillage unit behind the transport and technological wheels 6, by means of brackets 10, tillage rollers 11 are installed. The tillage rollers 11 contain a frame 12, a rod 13 with nuts 14 and springs 15, axles 16, end 17 and intermediate 18 disks. On the periphery of the end 17 and intermediate 18 disks with equal angular pitch, strips 19 and rods 20 are installed. The strips 19 are sharpened one-sidedly and with sharp edges pointing in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the tillage rollers 11. The geometric axis of rotation of the tillage rollers 11 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to direction of movement of the combined tillage implement. Tillage rollers 11 are installed with the ability to copy the relief of the surface of the field and regulate the pressure on the soil.

Combined tillage unit operates as follows.

A pre-combined soil cultivating unit is connected to the tractor by means of a coupling 8. On the frame 1, spherical discs 4 with the required angle of attack are arranged. Deep-rippers 5 are installed between the spherical disks 4. The spherical disks 4 and deep-rippers 5 are adjusted to the required processing depth relative to the support wheels 9. By tightening or loosening the nuts 14 located on the rod 13, the required compression or extension of the spring 15 is achieved, thereby adjusting the pressure of the tillage rollers 11 to the soil. By means of hydraulic cylinders 7, transport-technological wheels 6 are raised to a level so that the lower points of the support wheels 9 and transport-technological wheels 6 are on the same horizontal plane.

When moving the combined tillage unit, deep rippers 5 loosen the soil and destroy the plow sole. Spherical discs 4, mounted at an angle to the direction of movement of the combined tillage unit, along the periphery of which are made curly notches in the form of a semicircle, and the vertices located between the curved notches are triangular and bilaterally sharpened, intensively cut into the soil and loosen it with simultaneous rotation to a depth 8 ... 12 cm from the level of the soil surface, depending on the type of soil and the required depth of cultivation, and with the least energy.

The tillage rollers 11 that rotate behind the working bodies 5, due to their articulated connection with the frame 12, as well as the presence of a rod 13 with a nut 14 and a spring 15, copy the relief of the field surface and act on the soil with the required force. In this case, planks 19 cut lumps of soil and loosen the upper soil layer. The rods 20, during the rotation of the rollers 11 and due to the pressure of the spring 15, compact the loose soil layer with the specified agronomic requirements density corresponding to the density of the soil before sowing. At the same time, the minimum size of cut soil lumps does not exceed the maximum size of soil lumps allowed by agrotechnical requirements for sowing.

The installation of spherical discs 4 and deep-rippers 5 on the frame 1 allows you to process the soil to the required depth with the simultaneous destruction of the plow sole.

The presence of spherical disks 4 mounted at an angle to the direction of movement of the combined tillage unit, moreover, along the periphery of the spherical disks 4 with equal angular pitch, figured recesses are made in the form of a semicircle, and the vertices of the spherical disks 4 located between the figured recesses are made triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the spherical disk 4, and the cutting edge of the vertices is bilaterally sharpened, allows the spherical disks 4 to penetrate into the soil layer with the least energy gies and loosen the soil with the best quality without rough strips.

The presence of soil cultivating rollers 11, containing a frame 12, a rod 13 with a spring 15, axles 16, end 17 and intermediate 18 discs, on the periphery of which are installed equal strips 19 and rods 20, and the geometric axis of rotation of the rollers 11 are parallel to each other and perpendicular the direction of movement of the tillage unit allows not only to loosen the soil with high quality after the passage of spherical disks 4 and deep-rippers 5, but also to prevent evaporation of moisture from the soil and the formation of cracks in the field surface, but also uniform to compact the soil with a given density agronomic requirements.

The use of a combined tillage unit improves the quality of soil cultivation, improves the water regime and air conditions for the subsequent development of cultivated plants. In addition, several technological operations are performed in one pass of the tillage unit, which reduces the loss of soil moisture.

Claims (1)

Combined soil cultivating unit, including a frame on which vertical racks with axles are mounted and spherical disks mounted on the axles with the possibility of rotation, having an adjustable angle of attack, subsoilers, transport and technological wheels are installed at the rear of the unit, characterized in that around the periphery of the spherical disks with equal angular the step is made of curly notches in the form of a semicircle, the tops of the spherical disks located between the curly notches are made triangular and directed in different directions from the geometric axis of rotation of the spherical disk, and the cutting edge of the vertices is bilaterally sharpened, soil transport rollers are installed behind the transport and technological wheels, containing a frame, rods with springs, axes, end and intermediate disks, trims and equal angular pitch are installed on the periphery of the end and intermediate disks with equal angular pitch rods, moreover, the geometric axis of rotation of the tillage rollers are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the unit, and the tillage rollers are installed with the possibility копирования copying the relief of the field surface and regulating the pressure on the soil.

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