RU171481U1 - PORTABLE SURGICAL DEVICE FOR ULTRASONIC DISSECTION AND PLASMA COAGULATION OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical equipment, in particular to high-frequency electrosurgical devices, namely to a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues. The device includes an ozone generator installed in the housing with an ozonator reactor connected through a receiver to a plasma-forming gas supply channel with a plasmatron of the working part; a high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge, to which a high-voltage transformer is connected, the output of which is connected to the electrodes of the plasma torch of the working part; an ultrasonic oscillation generator connected to the ultrasonic dissector of the working part, and the ultrasonic dissector of the working part is movably placed in the plasmatron of the working part. In this case, an ozone generator, a high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge, an ultrasonic oscillation generator are connected by their inputs to a control device made in the form of a control panel mounted in the housing. The use of a portable surgical device will expand the arsenal of technical equipment for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues, provide minimal blood loss during surgical interventions and reduce trauma.

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The utility model relates to medical equipment, in particular to high-frequency electrosurgical devices, namely to a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues, and can be used to dissect biological tissues and stop bleeding by coagulation during surgical interventions.

BACKGROUND

A plasma scalpel is known from the prior art, comprising a plasmatron with a two-electrode arc arrester, a pneumohydrosystem, a power source and an operating mode switch, characterized in that it is equipped with a sealed container, at the bottom of which there is an ultrasonic wave generator, while the sealed container is connected via hoses to air the compressor and the working part of the plasmatron (RU 141023 U1, publ. 05.27.2014). A plasma beam intended for dissection of tissues is formed as a result of an electric discharge in an aerosol stream obtained by disintegration of water under the action of ultrasonic waves. The disadvantages of this technical solution is the design complexity, low performance due to the use of microaerosol water.

Also known from the prior art is a microplasma scalpel emitter including a plasma torch with a two-electrode arc arrester and hydro- and pneumatic systems, a power source and an operating mode switch (RU 2040216 C1, publ. 07.25.1995).

A device is known for generating a gas stream for influencing a biological object (RU 2183474 C1, publ. 06/20/2002), comprising a housing, at least two electrodes placed inside the housing in such a way that there is an interelectrode space between the electrodes for forming an arc discharge direct current, moreover, said electrodes are electrically isolated from each other, means for supplying voltage to said electrodes, which ensures the formation and maintenance between arc electrodes about a direct current discharge, an inlet channel in communication with the interelectrode space and providing a source gas to enter this space, a channel for a gas stream from the interelectrode space and directing the specified stream to act on a biological object, said gas stream being formed from said source gas under the action of the DC arc discharge, and means for cooling said channel for outputting and at least one of said anode or cathode.

The disadvantages of these technical solutions is the use of inert gas under pressure as a plasma-forming medium, which leads to the complexity and cumbersome design, large overall dimensions of the plasmatron and power source, which complicates the operation and maintenance of the devices.

Known ultrasonic surgical apparatus (RU 75564 U1, publ. 20.08.2008), which contains an ultrasonic oscillator connected to an ultrasonic piezoceramic transducer installed in the housing with an attached waveguide tool. The device can be used for conservative and surgical treatment of proctological, gynecological, orthopedic, urological and other diseases by performing dissection and coagulation of soft tissues by ultrasound exposure. The disadvantages of ultrasonic exposure are incomplete hemostasis, slow dissection and poor vision during laparoscopic surgery due to the appearance of fine suspension.

To achieve the optimal result in each case, when using apparatuses and installations intended for dissection and coagulation of tissues, a combined physical effect is used. Compliance with the principles and taking into account the peculiarities of the impact on tissues of different types of energy reduce the number of specific complications caused by the use of technical means. The combined use of physical methods of dissection and coagulation improves both the operating conditions and the treatment results.

The rate of dissection of tissues, the quality of hemostasis and the nature of morphological changes in the affected area determine the possibilities, efficiency and rationality of using each of the physical methods of dissection and coagulation.

Multifunctional surgical devices are known from the prior art (US 20130237982 A1, publ. 09/12/2013; US 5088997 A, publ. 02/18/1992; US 5776092 A, publ. 07/07/1998), made with the possibility of dissection of tissues (both electrical and mechanical) and coagulation (with the help of a plasma stream generated during the ionization of an inert gas) with the working part. In this case, the applicator of the working part is made with the possibility of moving along the hollow tube, retracting when coagulation is necessary, and approaching the test surface when dissection is necessary. An electric discharge has a low current strength, high voltage and frequency. This allows you to achieve minimal damage to the surrounding tissue coagulation site.

These devices combine cold plasma exposure and bipolar coagulation. The mode switching between electrocoagulation and cold plasma exposure is carried out by moving the applicator along the axis of the working part of the device, in connection with which the interelectrode space changes (increases for the cold plasma mode and decreases for the coagulation mode).

Thus, there is a need for a portable device with an ergonomic working part and low energy consumption for dissection and coagulation of soft tissues with a high rate of tissue dissection, the quality of hemostasis and the low prevalence of inflammatory-necrotic changes in the affected area.

DISCLOSURE OF A USEFUL MODEL

The objective of the utility model is the creation of a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues based on ozone with increased performance, increased functionality, reduced weight and dimensions compared to known analogues, increased efficiency of dissection and coagulation of biological tissues with minimal blood loss and reduced injuries.

The technical result of the utility model is to expand the arsenal of technical means for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues contains an ozone generator installed in the housing with an ozonizer reactor connected through a receiver to a plasma gas supply channel with a plasmatron of the working part; a high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge, to which a high-voltage transformer is connected, the output of which is connected to the electrodes of the plasma torch of the working part; an ultrasonic oscillator connected to an ultrasonic dissector of the working part; wherein the ozone generator, the high-frequency generator of the electric arc discharge, the ultrasonic oscillation generator are connected by their inputs to a control device made in the form of a control panel mounted in the housing, and the ultrasonic dissector of the working part is movably placed in the plasmatron of the working part.

In addition, the ultrasonic dissector contains an ultrasonic piezoceramic emitter with a removable metal blade attached to it using a conical adapter.

In addition, the ozone generator contains a series-connected barrier discharge voltage regulator, a high-voltage barrier discharge generator, an ozonizer reactor, to which an air compressor is connected through an air filter, while the air compressor is connected to an air flow rate regulator, and the inputs of a barrier discharge voltage regulator and a speed regulator air flow connected to the control device.

In addition, between the generator of ultrasonic vibrations and the ultrasonic piezoceramic emitter connected to the regulator of ultrasonic vibrations connected to the control device.

The use of an air-ozone mixture as a plasma-forming medium in a portable surgical device will make it possible to obtain a plasma beam that has hemostatic, antibacterial and antiparasitic properties. Ozone is produced from atmospheric air due to the presence of an ozone generator with an ozonizer reactor in a surgical device, which allows you to receive a plasma beam without the use of consumables (inert gas), which, in turn, simplifies operation and maintenance.

When receiving a plasma beam, the passage of an air-ozone mixture (plasma-forming medium) through an electric arc discharge that is formed between two electrodes allows contactless coagulation (without placing a passive electrode under the patient).

An electric arc discharge has a low current strength, high voltage and frequency, which allows to achieve minimal damage to the tissue surrounding the coagulation site, excitation of muscles and nerves, as well as reduce the energy consumption of the surgical device.

Using an ultrasonic oscillator to generate ultrasonic waves will allow bloodless incisions of biological tissues to be performed and at the same time reduce the energy consumption of the surgical device.

In addition, there is the possibility of operating the surgical device on batteries, which will reduce the size of the device compared to existing analogues, as well as simplify its use in emergency situations and field conditions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are included in and are part of the present description, illustrate the implementation of the utility model and, together with the above general description of the utility model, serve to explain the principles of the present utility model.

In FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues based on ozone in a plasma coagulation mode.

In FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues based on ozone in the ultrasonic dissection mode.

In FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the working part of a portable surgical device.

In FIG. 4 schematically shows a plasmatron of the working part of a portable surgical device in section, side view.

In FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of an ultrasonic dissector of the working part of a portable surgical device in a side view.

In FIG. 6 schematically shows the working part of a portable surgical device in ultrasonic dissection mode.

In FIG. 7 schematically shows the working part of a portable surgical device in plasma coagulation mode.

NOTATION

1 - pulse power supply of an ozone generator;

2 - voltage regulator of the barrier discharge;

3 - high voltage barrier discharge generator;

4 - air flow rate regulator;

5 - air compressor;

6 - air filter;

7 - ozonizer reactor;

8 - receiver;

9 - high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge;

10 - high voltage transformer;

11 - plasmatron;

12 - electrodes;

13 - channel for the supply of plasma-forming gas;

14 - a hose;

15 - pulse power supply of an ultrasonic dissector;

16 - generator of ultrasonic vibrations;

17 - ultrasonic dissector;

18 - frequency regulator of ultrasonic vibrations;

19 - a piezoceramic element;

20 - adapter;

21 - a metal blade;

22 - a plasma torch nozzle;

23 - plasmatron case;

24 - the body of the ultrasonic dissector;

25 - electric wire.

ESSENCE OF A USEFUL MODEL

A portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues contains a working part - a handle - a manipulator connected to the body. In this case, the working part of the portable surgical device (a manipulator handle) is made in the form of a plasma torch with an ultrasonic dissector mounted movably inside it. An ozone generator with an ozonizer reactor, a high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge, an ultrasonic oscillation generator, and two switching power supplies are installed in the device case.

The first switching power supply used in the device converts 220 V to 24 V, the second converts the voltage from the 220 V network to a voltage from 0 to 12 V.

As an ultrasonic generator use a generator of reduced power with a frequency of 10-44 kHz, power 40 watts.

An ozone generator as shown in FIG. 1, contains a series-connected voltage regulator of the barrier discharge 2, a high-voltage generator of the barrier discharge 3, an ozonator reactor 7. An air compressor 5 is connected to the reactor of the ozonizer 7 via an air filter 6, and the air compressor 5 is connected to an air flow rate regulator 4, and the inputs of the voltage regulator of the barrier discharge 2 and the air velocity controller 4 are connected to the control device.

The ozonizer reactor 7 is connected by a hose to the receiver 8 and through the plasma gas supply channel 13 by a hose 14 with a plasmatron 11 of the working part of the device (Fig. 3).

The high-frequency generator of the electric arc discharge 9 is connected to a high-voltage transformer 10, the output of which is connected to the electrodes of the plasma torch 12 of the working part of the device.

In this case, the first switching power supply unit 1 supplies the following three circuits:

1) switching power supply 1 - toggle switch on the electric arc discharge (key) (not shown in Fig. 1) - high-frequency generator of the electric arc discharge 9 - high-voltage transformer 10 - electrical conductor - electrodes 12 of the working part of the device (serial electromechanical connection);

2) switching power supply 1 - barrier discharge voltage regulator 2 - high-voltage barrier discharge generator 3 - ozonizer rector 7 (electromechanical serial connection);

3) switching power supply 1 - air flow rate regulator (resistor) 4 - air compressor 5 (electromechanical serial connection).

In FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the operation of the ultrasonic dissector 17. The generator of ultrasonic vibrations 16 is connected to the ultrasonic dissector 17 of the working part. In this case, the second switching power supply 15 feeds the generator of ultrasonic vibrations 16.

The ultrasonic dissector 17 contains a piezoceramic element 19 with an interchangeable metal blade 21 attached to it with a conical adapter 20. A frequency regulator of ultrasonic vibrations 18 connected to the control device is connected between the ultrasonic vibrations generator 16 and the piezoceramic element 19.

In this case, the ozone generator, a high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge 9, an ultrasonic oscillation generator 16 are connected by their inputs to a control device made in the form of a control panel mounted in the housing.

The control device is configured to control the operating modes of the portable surgical device. In particular, the control device is configured to supply voltage to an ozone generator to form an air-ozone mixture, to a high-frequency arc discharge generator 9, to an ultrasonic vibration generator 16.

The use of plasma coagulation is intended for coagulation (stopping bleeding), while the appointment of ultrasound dissection is predominantly cutting.

The working part of a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues based on ozone is a manipulator handle and includes a plasma torch 11 with a two-electrode arc spark gap in the form of a hollow cylinder closed in an electric circuit and a movable ultrasonic dissector 17 installed in the plasma torch (Fig. 3).

In FIG. 4 schematically shows a plasmatron 11 of the working part of a portable surgical device. One end of the plasma torch 11 is made in the form of a nozzle 22 with a diameter of 2 mm to form a cold plasma torch, and the other is through.

At a distance of 4 mm from the nozzle 22 of the plasma torch are two electrodes 12, which are located opposite each other in the same plane. The distance between the electrodes 12 is 4 millimeters. A high-voltage electric wire departs from each electrode 12, which passes in the groove of the inner surface of the plasma torch wall 11 outside the plasma torch cavity and is connected to the high-voltage arc discharge generator 9 through a transformer 10 (Fig. 1).

In this case, the plasma torch housing 23 (Fig. 4) has a hole with a diameter of 1 cm, made on the side surface at a distance of 5 cm from the nozzle 22 and communicating with the plasma gas channel 13 for connection via a hose 14 to the receiver 8 and, accordingly, to the ozonizer reactor 7. the hose 14 are electric wires from the electrodes 12. The length of the plasma torch 11 is 13 cm

The movable ultrasonic dissector 17 (Fig. 3, 5) is a mobile element of the device and is made in the form of a piezoceramic element 19 with a waveguide-tool, enclosed in a sealed housing 24 of a cylindrical shape with one outlet. In this case, the waveguide tool is made in the form of a replaceable metal blade 21 attached to the piezoelectric element 19 using a conical adapter 20. All elements are closed in an electric circuit. An electric wire 25 extending from the piezoceramic element 19 goes to the ultrasonic frequency generator 16. In the present embodiment, the length of the replaceable metal blade 21 is 4 cm, the diameter of the blade base is 2.8 mm, the housing length is 14 cm, and the diameter is 1.8 cm .

The housing of the ultrasonic dissector 24 is hermetically sealed from the inside to the walls of the housing 23 of the plasma torch. The ultrasonic dissector 17 is made in the form of an independently movable element of the working part of the surgical device with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the lumen of the cylindrical body 23 of the plasma torch and hermetically closes the hole of the plasma torch, which communicates with the plasma-forming gas supply channel 13 and through which the air-ozone mixture enters, as usual a mobile plug with the formation of a mobile tight connection with the housing 23 of the plasma torch. The main function of the ultrasonic dissector 17 as a movable element of the device is the opening and closing from the inside of the opening of the housing 23 of the plasma torch located on the side surface depending on the movement of the ultrasonic dissector. In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 illustrates the operation options of the device in which the ultrasonic dissector 17 closes the opening of the plasma torch body and opens it accordingly.

The device operates as follows.

The portable surgical device has two pulsed power supplies 1, 15 located in the housing. It is possible to use a battery, to which all elements of the device are connected.

Before starting work, the working part is connected to the body of a portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues based on ozone. In this case, the hose 14 from the receiver 8 is connected to the plasma torch 11, and the electric cable 25 of the ultrasonic dissector 17 with a replaceable metal blade 21 is connected to the ultrasonic generator 16.

When applying electric current (220 V, 50 Hz - household electrical network) to the ozone generator that performs plasma coagulation, a pulsed power supply unit 1, an air compressor 5, a high-voltage barrier discharge generator 3 are activated. Atmospheric air using an air compressor 5 through an air filter 6 fed through a hose to the ozonizer reactor 7, where ozone is formed from atmospheric oxygen by a barrier discharge method. A high-voltage barrier discharge generator generates an electric current of 2500 V, the generator power is 25 watts.

To carry out the synthesis of ozone from oxygen and control the concentration of ozone, a gas preparation system was used that allows you to control and control the flow of the working gas and pressure. A system for measuring ozone concentration was included in the gas path of the installation. The concentration of ozone produced was measured optically by absorption in the Hartley band (254 nm).

The generation of ozone from atmospheric oxygen is controlled by the voltage discharge regulator of the barrier discharge 2. The air flow rate is changed using the air flow rate regulator 4, located on the front surface of the portable surgical complex. The barrier discharge voltage and air flow rate are controlled by a control device. The airflow rate controller adjusts the airflow rate from 0 to 2 l / min. The air compressor creates a pressure of about 60 kPa.

The formed air-ozone mixture through the plasma-forming gas supply channel 13 through the receiver 8, which creates a stable concentration of ozone in the air-ozone mixture, is supplied to the electrodes 12 of the plasma torch 11 of the working part of the portable surgical device, as a result of which an aerosol leaves the nozzle 22 of the plasma torch 11 of the working part. The ozone output is from 0.1 to 1 g / h.

Then, the control device switches the operation mode of the device to create a plasma flow from the plasma torch 11. In this case, the electric current from the electric network flows sequentially through the switching power supply 1, a high-frequency arc discharge generator 9 and a high-voltage transformer 10 to the electrodes 12 of the arc spark gap in the working part of the plasma torch 11. Between the electrodes 12, an electric arc discharge is formed. This electric arc discharge heats and ionizes the air-ozone mixture, forming a plasma stream.

As a high-frequency generator of arc discharge 9, a generator with a power of 70 W and a frequency of 300 kHz is used. In this case, the high-voltage transformer 10 increases the voltage to 7000 V.

To cut soft tissues, the control device switches the operation mode of the device, in which the electric current from the second pulse unit 15 is supplied through an ultrasonic oscillation generator 16 to a piezoceramic element 19, which converts electromagnetic pulses into mechanical vibrations. The latter begins to oscillate with a frequency of 44000-50000 kHz, an amplitude of 5-50 microns, transferring them to the metal blade 21 installed in the adapter 20. The frequency of the oscillatory movements of the metal blade 21 is controlled by the regulator of the frequency of ultrasonic vibrations 18. In contact with biological tissue in the latter there is a cavitation effect. Cavitation is caused by the formation of gas bubbles at body temperature due to the rapid change in the volume of tissues and intracellular fluids under the influence of vibration. Under the influence of pressure and ultrasound, protein fragmentation occurs in the tissues, which causes the adhesion of collagen molecules at low temperature.

Mostly, the ultrasonic mode is used to cut soft tissues, however, the ratio of cutting and coagulating properties depends on the degree of sharpness of the blade 21. As an ultrasonic generator 16, a generator with a frequency of 10-44 kHz and a power of 40 W is used.

The activation of plasma coagulation and ultrasonic dissection is carried out using the handle-manipulator of a portable surgical device. In figures 6 and 7 schematically shows the activation of various modes.

A movable ultrasonic dissector 17 is introduced into the lumen of the plasma torch body 11. In this case, due to the tight connection of the body 24 of the ultrasonic dissector 17 with the wall of the body 23 of the plasma torch 11, the lumen of the plasma torch body 11 is sealed from the input side.

In this case, the lateral surface of the casing 24 of the ultrasonic dissector 17 closes the hole communicating with the plasma-forming gas supply channel 13, made on the side wall of the plasma torch body 23, or the hole is removed by moving the ultrasonic dissector 17 back. Thus, the volume of the air-ozone mixture in the plasma torch 11 is provided due to the reciprocating or translational motion of the mobile ultrasonic dissector 17.

The movement of the housing 24 of the ultrasonic dissector 17 is carried out manually using the slider button located on the surface of the housing 24 of the ultrasonic dissector (not shown in the figures).

In the ultrasonic dissection mode (Fig. 6), the ultrasonic dissector 17 must be pushed through the cylinder of the plasmatron 11 to the end. In this case, the housing 24 of the ultrasonic dissector 17 hermetically closes the hole of the cavity of the plasmatron 11 with the plasma gas supply channel 13 and the hose 14, through which the air-ozone mixture is supplied, and the metal blade 21 will pass through the nozzle of the plasmatron 22.

Then, using the control device, a dissection mode for dissecting tissues is turned on, in which an electric current is supplied through an ultrasonic oscillation generator 16 to the piezoceramic element 19.

To activate the plasmatron 11, it is necessary to move the ultrasonic dissector 17 to a distance of 6 cm from the nozzle 22 of the plasma torch (Fig. 5). This will open the connection of the plasmatron 11 with the connecting hose 14 and it will be possible for the air-ozone mixture to enter the plasmatron 11.

Next, an operating mode that starts the air compressor 5, a high voltage barrier discharge generator 3, and a high frequency arc discharge generator 9 is included.

A plasma stream exits from the nozzle 22 of the working part of the plasma torch 11, which has hemostatic, antibacterial and antiparasitic properties.

Thus, the use of a portable surgical device allows for non-contact plasma coagulation of tissues and ultrasound dissection of tissues simultaneously with minimal damage to surrounding tissues. The form factor of the handle-manipulator of a portable surgical device allows you to increase the ergonomic characteristics of the device compared to existing analogues and alternately switch the modes of ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation.

A utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a specific embodiment. For specialists, other embodiments of the invention may be obvious, without changing its essence, as it is disclosed in the present description. Accordingly, a utility model should be considered limited in scope only by the following utility model formula.

Claims (9)

1. Portable surgical device for ultrasonic dissection and plasma coagulation of biological tissues, including those installed in the body - an ozone generator with an ozonator reactor connected through a receiver to a plasma-forming gas supply channel with a plasmatron of the working part; - a high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge, to which a high-voltage transformer is connected, the output of which is connected to the electrodes of the plasma torch of the working part; - generator of ultrasonic vibrations connected to the ultrasonic dissector of the working part; wherein the ozone generator, a high-frequency generator of an electric arc discharge, an ultrasonic oscillation generator are connected by their inputs to a control device made in the form of a control panel mounted in the housing, and the ultrasonic dissector of the working part is movably placed in the plasmatron of the working part. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultrasonic dissector comprises a piezoceramic element with a removable metal blade attached to it with a conical adapter. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ozone generator contains a series-connected barrier discharge voltage regulator, a high voltage barrier discharge generator, an ozonizer reactor, to which an air compressor is connected through an air filter, while the air compressor is connected to an air flow rate regulator, and the inputs of the barrier discharge voltage regulator and the air flow rate regulator are connected to the control device. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that between the generator of ultrasonic vibrations and the piezoceramic element connected to the regulator of ultrasonic vibrations connected to the control device.

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