RU170678U1 - FIRE RESISTANCE EQUIPMENT FOR OIL PRODUCT RESERVOIR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of fire safety, and in particular to means of protection against fire and extinguishing fires in tanks intended for the storage of petroleum products, in particular, to the design of the lid. The technical result consists in reducing the force attributable to the surface from the action of the shock wave during the explosion by reducing the surface area of the lid. To achieve a technical result, the fire-fighting equipment of the tank with oil products includes a floating cover installed in the tank with the possibility of vertical movement depending on the level of oil product along the guide rack, rigidly fixed to the bottom of the tank. What is new is that the floating cover is configured to control its surface area. At the same time, the floating cover (2) is made of a team consisting of three parts in height, forming a three-layer multifaceted petal-shaped structure with windows (9) between the petals and the central hole (10), covering the guide rack installed in the center of the tank (3). The cover structure is formed by the lower part (11), which acts as a float, the middle part (12) forming the windows (9), and the upper part (13), which is rotatable relative to the middle and lower parts and closes the windows, and is also equipped with petals with a gable surface (14). A vertical groove (15) is made in the guide rack for fixing against rotation of the middle part of the lid in contact with the upper part, and a protrusion (16) interacting with the groove is made in the central hole of the middle part of the lid covering the rack. A holder (17) is attached to the bottom of the lid with a spring-loaded latch (18) installed in it, connecting all parts of the lid to each other in the initial position. The latch is passed through holes (19) made coaxially in the lid petals, and by means of a spring (21) it is supported on the holder with the possibility of unlocking the upper part of the lid using a cable (20) when it enters the working position. The petals of the middle part of the lid are equipped with a one-sided side (22), on the inner surface of which a flat bent spring (23) is fixed, mounted to rotate the upper part of the lid and close the windows of the middle part. 5 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of fire safety, namely to means of protection against fire and extinguishing fires in tanks intended for the storage of petroleum products.

Known means for implementing the known method of fire protection and extinguishing tanks with oil products, in which the supply of liquid refrigerant is carried out in different zones of the tank through nozzles installed on the bottom, through floating nozzles, and also through the nozzle installed in the roof of the tank (RF Patent No. 2429036 C1 , priority date 09/21/2010, publication date 09/20/2011, authors: Brazhnikov P.V. et al., RU).

A disadvantage of the known fire fighting equipment is the unreasonably high consumption of refrigerant, due to its continuous supply to various zones of the tank, regardless of the likelihood of fire.

Known closest to the claimed device for extinguishing flammable liquids in a vertical tank, adopted as a prototype, containing a vertical tank with a floating lid or pontoon, guide racks, rigidly fixed to the bottom of the tank, which is fixed with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the vertical plane of the tank floating lid, inside piping racks hermetically mounted vertical pipelines for supplying extinguishing agent, equipped with lateral branch kami in height and connected to a trigger for supplying a fire extinguishing agent. (RF patent No. 2470686 C1, priority date 09/29/2011, publication date 12/27/2012, authors: Kokorin V.V. and Khafizov I.F., RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low reliability during operation of this device, due to the possibility of bending vertical pipelines for supplying a fire extinguishing agent, as well as jamming and skewing of the floating cover or pontoon as a result of the shock wave caused by overpressure of the explosion products, resulting in a jammed or damaged pontoon or floating roof will interfere with effective extinguishing, create additional difficulties in eliminating the fire.

The technical problem is to minimize the effects of the likely impact of the shock wave.

Moreover, the technical result consists in reducing the force attributable to the surface from the action of the shock wave during the explosion by reducing the surface area of the lid.

The solution to the technical problem is also to increase the reliability of the fire-fighting equipment of the tank with petroleum products, reduce the time for eliminating the source of fire during fire fighting, reduce direct and indirect material damage, increase the safety of the process of storing petroleum products, the safety of production equipment and materials located near the tanks, and minimize environmental damage.

To solve a technical problem and achieve a technical result, fire-fighting equipment of a tank with oil products is proposed, including a floating cover installed in the tank with the possibility of vertical movement depending on the level of oil product along a guide rack rigidly fixed to the bottom of the tank. According to a utility model, the floating cover is configured to adjust its surface area from reduced in the initial position to maximum in the operating position. The lid is made by a team consisting of three parts in height, forming a three-layer multifaceted structure of a petal shape with windows between the petals and a central hole covering the guide rack mounted in the center of the tank. The cover structure is formed by the lower part, which acts as a float, the middle part, forming the window, and the upper part, which is rotatable relative to the middle and lower parts and closes the windows, and is also equipped with petals with a gable surface, which facilitates the drainage of liquid droplets. A vertical groove is made in the guide rack for fixing against rotation of the middle part of the lid in contact with the upper part, and a protrusion interacting with the groove of the rack is made in the central hole of the middle part of the lid covering the guide rack. A holder is attached to the bottom of the lid with a spring-loaded latch installed in it, connecting all parts of the lid to each other in the initial position. The latch is passed through holes made coaxially in the lid petals, and by means of a spring it is supported on the holder with the possibility of unlocking the upper part of the lid with a cable to rotate it when it enters the operating state, while the lobes of the middle part of the lid are equipped with a one-sided side, on the inner surface of which fixed flat bent spring, installed with the possibility of rotation of the upper part of the cover and closing the windows of the middle part.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows the fire fighting equipment of a tank with petroleum products, general view; in FIG. 2 shows a volumetric bitmap assembly diagram of a cap; in FIG. 3 - cover design in the initial position; in FIG. 4 - cover design in working condition; in FIG. 5 - node I in FIG. 2.

Fire-fighting equipment of a tank with oil products contains a vertical tank 1, a floating cover 2, mounted in the tank with the possibility of vertical movement depending on the level of oil product on the guide rack 3, rigidly fixed to the bottom in the center of the tank. At the bottom of the tank there are also nozzles 4 for introducing an extinguishing agent, for example, an inert non-combustible nitrogen gas, the supply of which is carried out through a pipe 5 from a nitrogen generator 6. The pipe 5 is equipped with a valve 7 connected to the control point 8 (Fig. 1).

The main nodal element of the fire fighting equipment of the tank is a floating cover 2, made with the possibility of regulating its surface area from reduced in the initial position to reduce the force of the likely impact impact falling on the surface to the maximum in the working position for effective protection during the elimination of oil product ignition. The specified cover 2 is made of a team consisting of three parts in height, forming a three-layer multifaceted design of a petal shape with windows 9 between the petals and the central hole 10 covering the guide rack 3 (Fig. 2). The design of the cover 2 is formed by the lower part 11, which acts as a float, keeping the entire structure afloat, the middle part 12 forming the window 9, and the upper part 13, which is made with the possibility of rotation relative to the middle and lower parts and closing the windows 9, and equipped with petals with a sloping surface 14, providing a drain of liquid droplets (Fig. 3, Fig. 4). To fix the rotation of the middle part 12 of the lid in contact with the upper part 13, a vertical groove 15 is made in the guide rack 3, and a protrusion 16 interacting with the vertical groove 15 is made in the central hole 10 of the middle part 12 of the lid covering the rack 3 (Fig. 5 ) From below, a holder 17 is attached to the lid with a spring-loaded latch 18 installed in it, connecting all parts of the lid together in an idle position. The latch 18 is passed through holes 19, coaxially made in the petals of a three-layer cover, connected to a cable 20 connected to the control point 8, and by means of a spring 21 is supported on the holder 17 with the possibility of unlocking the upper part 13 of the cover using a cable 20. To rotate the upper part 13 of the lid and its transition to working condition, the petals of the middle part of the lid are provided with a one-sided side 22, on the inner surface of which a flat bent spring 23 is fixed, mounted to rotate the upper part 13 of the lid and Closing the windows middle portion 9 (FIG. 4).

To implement the fire fighting equipment of the tank in automatic mode, sensors 24 for monitoring the concentration of gas vapors associated with control point 8 are installed in the roof of the tank.

The proposed fire equipment of the tank with petroleum products is used as follows.

In the initial state, as shown in FIG. 3, the floating cover 2 mounted on the guide post 3 partially covers the surface of the oil product, while contributing to the reduction of evaporation. At the same time, the reduced surface area of the lid helps to reduce the force attributable to the surface from the action of the shock wave during the explosion, and, consequently, increase reliability. In the event of a critical vapor concentration or emergency in case of fire from the control panel 8, a signal is sent to the cable 20, which automatically pulls out the latch 18, lowering it down to the level of the middle part of the lid and unlocking the upper part 13. At the same time, the latch 18 is based on the holder 17, compressing the spring 21. In the process of unlocking the upper part 13 of the cover after removing the retainer 18 from its hole 10, a flat bent spring 23 is activated, attached to the inner surface of the boron that 22 in the middle part 12 of the cover. When the spring 23, previously held by the latch 18, is activated, the upper part 13 of the lid rotates all the way to the adjacent board 23 of the middle part 12, which is fixed from rotation by a protrusion 16 interacting with the groove 15 of the guide rack 3. At the same time, the petals of the upper part 13 of the lid cover the windows 9 made in the middle part of the lid, thereby filling the gaps between the petals of the structure, as a result of which a sealed lid with a maximum surface area is formed, which has a protective function when switching to a working environment oyanie (FIG. 4).

Simultaneously with the signal to the cable 20, the valve 7 opens and from the nitrogen generator 6 through the pipe 5 and nozzles 4 located at the bottom of the tank, an inert non-combustible nitrogen gas begins to flow, which has the property of volume fire extinguishing. Nitrogen provides the elimination of fire due to the cooling of a combustible oil product, and also creates an environment with a low oxygen content, in which the combustion process becomes impossible.

Thus, the proposed fire-fighting equipment of a tank with oil products, equipped with a floating cover, made with the possibility of regulating its surface area, is more reliable than the prototype, due to the greater stability of the structure of the cover in case of explosion and the preservation of the protective function when fighting a fire.

In this case, the technical and economic efficiency of the device is due to:

- firstly, the insulating ability of a reliable fire-resistant cap, which separates the oil product from oxygen in the air and combustible gases located in the upper part of the tank; In addition, due to the transition of the cap to an inert, non-combustible gas, nitrogen, without access of oxygen, provides an effective fire extinguishing, while being an environmentally friendly gas that does not have a harmful effect on the environment and does not react with parts of the equipment and tank walls ;

- secondly, by reducing the cost of extinguishing agents, since the installation can replenish the supply of nitrogen for fire extinguishing from the air;

- thirdly, the fact that in the process of extinguishing the personnel is not exposed to danger and the safety of material assets is ensured.

Claims (1)

Fire-fighting equipment of a tank with oil products, including a floating cover installed in the tank with the possibility of vertical movement depending on the level of oil on the guide rack, rigidly fixed to the bottom of the tank, characterized in that the floating cover is made with the possibility of regulating its surface area, while the cover is made a team consisting of three parts in height, forming a three-layer multifaceted design of a petal shape with windows between the petals and the central with a hole covering the guide rack mounted in the center of the tank, the cover structure is formed by the lower part, which acts as a float, the middle part, which forms the windows, and the upper part, which is rotatable relative to the middle and lower parts and closes the windows, and is also equipped with three-slope petals the surface in the guide rack for fixing against rotation of the middle part of the lid in contact with the upper part, a vertical groove is made, and in the Central hole of the middle part of the lid, covering the guide rack, the protrusion interacting with the rack groove is made, a holder is attached to the bottom of the lid with a spring-loaded latch installed in it, connecting all parts of the lid to each other in the inoperative position, the latch is passed through holes made coaxially in the lids of the lid, and is supported by a spring on a holder with the possibility of unlocking the upper part of the lid with a cable to rotate it when it enters the operating state, while the petals of the middle part of the lid are equipped with a one-sided mouth, on the inner surface of which is fixed a bent flat spring is mounted pivotably top of the lid and closing windows middle part.

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