RU169705U1 - Device for setting and monitoring the work of the tillage packer roller - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, and more specifically to devices for adjusting and monitoring the operation of packer rollers. A device for configuring and monitoring the operation of a tillage packer roller containing a frame with copy wheels, behind which a packer active roller is mounted, whose axis interacts with a hydraulic motor rigidly fixed to the support , and through the regulator it is connected to the tractor’s hydrostatic system, while the packer active roller has a speed sensor, a drum-rotor drive, b a slat computer, a wheel is mounted for the rolling active roller to rotate it freely, on which the first disk is rigidly fixed, along the outer perimeter of which slots are made at an equal distance from each other, while the axle of the wheel is fixed through bearings on a frame on which it is rigidly fixed opposite the first disk is the first Hall sensor, and the rolling active roller is connected to the hydraulic motor through a chain transmission, on one of the branches of which a torque sensor is installed with the possibility of interaction with it ententa, rigidly mounted on the frame and made in the form of a chain tensioner, in which an elastic plate is fixed between the rod and the tensioner body, in the central part of which there is a strain gauge, and on the axis of the hydraulic motor a second disk is rigidly fixed with slots made at equal distance from each other and opposite it, the second Hall sensor is rigidly fixed on the frame, the signals from the first and second Hall sensors, from the torque sensor are fed to the inputs of the control unit, and the first output of which is connected to the input of the controller and the input-output the field computer. A useful model allows you to improve the quality of processing the surface layer of the soil with a packer roller with the ability to customize during operation. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, and more specifically to devices for setting and monitoring the operation of press rollers.

Known tilled milling cultivator (RF Patent No. 2169446 class. A01B 61/00, 33/02) containing a frame, a drum, support wheels, a drive mechanism, a control unit, a speed sensor of the drum and a speed sensor of the unit, the outputs of which are connected to the unit of control, the cultivator is equipped with a comb-forming machine spring-loaded relative to the frame, having protective casings adjustable in height and width, a soil cultivation depth sensor, the output of which is connected to the control unit input, and a linkage control mechanism for the linkage position ora, the electrical input of which is connected to the output of the control unit.

The disadvantages of the cultivating milling cultivator are the low quality of creating the required soil density in a given layer of the ridge, due to the fact that it does not have a soil roller with a variable speed depending on the operating conditions.

Known cultivator ridge former (RF Patent No. 2144824 CL A01B 49/02, A01B 33/02, A01B 13/02) containing a frame on which a milling drum, a pivotally mounted ridge former, a profile roller driven in rotation from a hydraulic motor associated with hydraulic system of the tractor through a throttle controller, the electrical input of which is connected to the corresponding output of the control unit. Additionally, the comb-cultivator is equipped with a speed sensor, a speed sensor for the profile roller and a depth sensor for the profile roller, the outputs of these sensors being connected to the corresponding inputs of the control unit.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1) No torque sensor on the shaft of the active roller

2) Inability to configure the device during operation

The closest analogue to the claimed utility model is a combined top picker (RF Patent No. 2477943 class A01D 23/02), containing a frame with copy wheels, a rotor drum drive, a device for trimming and removing leaves. The device for removing the tops is made in the form of a conveyor, rigidly mounted on the frame and located transverse to the movement of the unit behind the cutting device inside the casing, on the frame behind the copying wheels are mounted active rollers with speed sensors, while the axes of the rollers interact with hydraulic motors through gears, rigidly fixed on the supports, while the hydraulic motors through the regulator are connected to the tractor hydraulic system, and behind the rollers on the frame are installed color sensors, the signal from which is fed to a main computer, a signal from which is connected through a dosing regulator to nozzles connected to a chemical tank.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1) The lack of a torque sensor on the shaft of the active roller, which does not allow to control the quality of processing the surface layer of soil

2) Inability to configure the device during operation

3) Lack of reliable data on the speed of the unit

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality of processing the surface layer of the soil with a packer roller, the ability to configure the device during operation.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the device for setting and monitoring the work of the soil tillage packer roller, containing a frame with copy wheels, behind which there is a packer roller, the axis of which interacts with a hydraulic motor rigidly fixed to the support and is connected to the tractor hydraulic system through the regulator, while the packer roller has a speed sensor, a drum-rotor drive, an on-board computer, behind the packer roller a wheel is installed with the possibility of its free rotation, on which m, the first disk is rigidly fixed, along the outer perimeter of which slots are made at an equal distance from each other, while the wheel axis is fixed through bearings on a frame on which the first Hall sensor is rigidly fixed opposite the first disk, and the packer roller is connected to the hydraulic motor through a chain drive , on one of the branches of which, with the possibility of interaction with it, a torque sensor is installed, rigidly fixed to the frame and made in the form of a chain tensioner, in which a control device is fixed between the rod and the tensioner body a plate, in the central part of which a strain gauge is installed, and on the axis of the hydraulic motor, a second disk with slots made at equal distances from each other is rigidly fixed and, in front of it, a second Hall sensor is rigidly fixed to the frame, signals from the first and second Hall sensors and from the torque sensor moment are supplied to the inputs of the control unit, and the first output of which is connected to the input of the controller and through the input-output with the on-board computer.

New significant features

1) A wheel is mounted behind the packer roller with the possibility of free rotation, on which the first disk is rigidly fixed

2) On the outer perimeter of the first disk, slots are made at an equal distance from each other

3) The wheel axis is fixed through bearings on a frame on which the first Hall sensor is rigidly fixed opposite the first disk

4) The packer roller is connected to the hydraulic motor through a chain transmission, on one of the branches of which a torque sensor is mounted with the possibility of interaction with it, rigidly fixed to the frame

5) The torque sensor is made in the form of a chain tensioner, in which an elastic plate is fixed between the rod and the tensioner housing, in the central part of which a strain gauge is installed

6) A second disk with slots made at an equal distance from each other is rigidly fixed to the axis of the hydraulic motor and, in front of it, a second Hall sensor is rigidly fixed

7) signals from the first and second Hall sensors, from the torque sensor are fed to the inputs of the control unit, and the first output of which is connected to the input of the controller and through the input-output of the on-board computer.

These new essential features, together with the known ones, are necessary and sufficient to achieve a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The technical result, which consists in improving the quality of processing of the surface soil layer of the ridge, is achieved due to the formation of feedback between the rotation speed of the packer roller and the translational speed of motion, taking into account the torque on the shaft of the packer roller. High-quality processing of the surface soil layer of the ridge is carried out by controlling the frequency of rotation of the active roller. The degree of slipping and torque on the shaft of the packer roller depend on the physicomechanical properties of the treated soil. The required speed of the packer roller is selected by the control unit according to a special algorithm based on data received from the torque sensor of the packer roller. The control unit compares the degree of slipping with a given one. If the compared values deviate from the permissible values, the control unit sends a signal to the electro-hydraulic controller, which, changing the throttle bore, changes the flow of hydraulic fluid from the tractor hydraulic system, which leads to a change in the speed of rotation of the packer roller.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for setting and monitoring the work of a tillage packer roller

In FIG. 2 schematically shows the algorithm of operation of the device settings and control the work of the tillage packer roller.

A device for adjusting and monitoring the operation of the soil tillage press roller containing a frame 1 with copy wheels (not shown in FIG.), Behind which a press roller 2 is mounted, the axis 3 of which interacts with a hydraulic motor 4 rigidly mounted on a support (not shown in FIG.) And through a regulator 5 is connected to the hydraulic system of tractor 6, while the packer roller 2 has a rotational speed sensor 7 in the form of a Hall sensor, a rotor drum drive (not shown in FIG.), An on-board computer 8, with an active packer roller installed with With the help of its free rotation, the wheel 9, on which the first disk 10 is rigidly fixed, along the outer perimeter of which the slots 11 are made at an equal distance from each other, while the axis 12 of the wheel 9 is fixed through bearings (not shown) on the frame 1, on which is rigidly fixed opposite the first disk 10, the first Hall sensor 13, and the packer roller is connected to the hydraulic motor 4 through a chain gear 14, on one of the branches 15 of which with the possibility of interaction with it is installed a torque sensor 16, rigidly mounted on the frame 1 and made which is in the form of a chain tensioner, in which an elastic plate 19 is fixed between the spring rod 17 and the tensioner housing 18, in the central part of which a strain gauge 20 is installed, and a second disk 21 with slots 22 made at equal distance from each other is rigidly fixed to the axis of the hydraulic motor opposite it, the second Hall sensor 7 is rigidly fixed to the frame, signals from the first 13 and second 7 Hall sensors, from the torque sensor 16 are fed to the inputs of the control unit 23, and the first output of which is connected to the input of the controller 5 and through the input-output with by computer 8.

Device operation

Rolling of the soil layer of the ridge is subject to the maximum destruction of the surface soil layer, at which the tangential stresses in the impact zone of the surface of the packer roller 2 with the soil are maximum. In this case, the torque on the shaft of the packer roller 2 takes a maximum value, which corresponds to the degree of slipping of the packer roller 2 designated as given. The required speed of the packer roller 2 is selected based on the measurement of the speed of the packer roller 2 by the first Hall sensor 7, the speed of the unit by the second Hall sensor 13 and the torque sensor 16 on the shaft of the packer roller 2. Electrical signals from the sensors 7, 13, 16 are fed to the inputs the control unit 23, where the calculation of the required rotation speed of the press roller occurs. During the initial setting, the value of the degree of slipping is selected, while the control unit 23 increases the rotation speed of the packer roller 2 from the minimum value until the calculated derivative of the torque on the shaft of the packer roller is zero, corresponding to the maximum torque. At the same time, the on-board computer 23 records the value of the degree of slipping δ as specified for the subsequent maintenance of this value.

where: Vk is the speed of the active roller, Va is the speed of the unit.

When the device is operating, the control unit 23 continuously monitors the sensors 7, 13, 16 and, in the event of a deviation of the value of the current degree of slipping from the predetermined one by more than 10%, gives an electric signal proportional to the deviation. The electro-hydraulic controller 5 changes the orifice of the throttle (not shown in FIG.) In proportion to the value of the received signal, thereby changing the rotation speed of the packer roller 2 until the error signal does not fall within the tolerance. The procedure for monitoring the speed of the packer roller 2 is carried out every 5 meters of the path due to the measurement of the sensor 13.

The torque sensor 16, mounted on the frame 1, is installed so that with increasing torque on the shaft of the packer roller 2, its spring-loaded rod 17 rotates along an axis located in the housing 18. In this case, the rigidly fixed elastic plate 19 on one side of the housing 18, and the second is bent on a spring-loaded rod 17, leading to a change in the electrical resistance of the strain gauge rigidly fixed on it 20. The control unit 23, based on the calibration characteristics, calculates the torque of the corresponding electric Cesky resistance strain gauge 20.

The wheel 9, mounted behind the press roller 2 on a hinge (not shown in FIG.), Mounted on the frame 1, rotates relative to the axis 12 of the wheel 9 when moving the unit along the field. The speed of rotation of the wheel 9 corresponds to the translational speed of the unit. The first disk 10 with slots 11 is rigidly fixed to the wheel 9. When the disk 10 is rotated, in the Hall sensor 13, at the moment of passing along the slots 11 of the first disk 10, the electric signal received by the control unit 23 changes. Based on the data on the number the slots 11 of the disk 10, the diameter of the wheel 9, the control unit 23 calculates the translational speed of the unit.

The second disk 21 with slots 22 is rigidly fixed to the axis (not shown in FIG.) Of the hydraulic motor 4. When the disk 21 is rotated, in the Hall sensor 7, when the slot 22 of the second disk 21 passes next to it, the electric signal received by the control unit 23 changes. Based on the data recorded in the memory on the number of slots 22 of the disk 21, the diameter of the press roller 2 and the ratio of the gear ratio of the chain transmission, the control unit 23 calculates the rotation speed of the press roller.

The device for setting and monitoring the work of the tillage packer roller operates in two modes: automatic and manual. In automatic mode, the control unit 23 completely controls the rotation speed of the packer roller 2. A simplified algorithm of the device settings and control work is presented in figure 2. In manual mode, the device indicates to the operator the current operating parameters of the packer roller 2. Based on the data received, the operator makes a decision and adjusts the regulator 5, which adjusts the rotation speed of the packer roller 2 as in automatic mode.

Claims (1)

A device for adjusting and monitoring the operation of the soil tillage packer roller, which contains a frame with copy wheels, behind which a packer roller is mounted, the axis of which interacts with a hydraulic motor rigidly mounted on a support, and is connected to the tractor hydraulic system through the regulator, while the packer roller has a speed sensor, drive drum-rotor, on-board computer, characterized in that the wheel is mounted with the possibility of free rotation behind the packer roller, on which the wheel is rigidly fixed th disk, on the outer perimeter of which slots are made at an equal distance from each other, while the wheel axis is fixed through bearings on a frame on which the first Hall sensor is rigidly fixed opposite the first disk, and the packer roller is connected to the hydraulic motor through a chain drive, on one of of the branches of which, with the possibility of interaction with it, a torque sensor is installed, rigidly fixed to the frame and made in the form of a chain tensioner, in which an elastic plate is fixed between the rod and the tensioner body, of the other part of which a strain gauge is installed, and on the axis of the hydraulic motor, a second disk with slots made at equal distance from each other is rigidly fixed, and opposite it, on the frame, a second Hall sensor, signals from the first and second Hall sensors, from a torque sensor are rigidly fixed arrive at the inputs of the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the input of the controller and through the input-output - with the on-board computer of the field computer.

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