CN209267959U - A soil layered rotary tillage test device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a soil layered rotary tillage test device, which comprises a rotational speed adjustment device for a rotary tiller roller, a rotational speed adjustment device for a soil crushing knife roller and a position adjustment device for a soil crushing knife roller; The above-mentioned speed-up gearbox is connected to the power, and then the power is transmitted to the multi-speed gearbox, so that the reduction ratio can be adjusted through the shift handle to control different output speeds; , and then control the flow of hydraulic oil through the servo valve, and then input it to the hydraulic motor to control the motor speed, and then adjust the speed of the soil-crushing knife roller; The crank rocker mechanism drives the position of the soil breaking knife roller to be adjustable up and down, and the left and right ball screws drive the soil breaking knife roller to move left and right. The device is capable of adjusting the distance between two shafts and the rotating speed at any time, and is suitable for the soil layered rotary tillage work of the compound rotary tiller used in the outdoor field.

Description

A soil layered rotary tillage test device

technical field

The utility model relates to a soil layered rotary tillage test device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

Soil tillage is the most basic and important link in agricultural mechanized production. The quality of tillage operations is directly related to the quality and output of subsequent crop planting and harvesting. With the improvement of farmers' requirements for production efficiency, domestic soil tillage machinery is gradually tending to compound operations, which not only greatly reduces the time-consuming and labor-intensive problems of repeated operations on the same field, but also reduces soil compaction and operation power consumption. The application area is increasing year by year. For this reason, farmers' demand for compound farming machinery has also risen sharply.

In order to reduce the cost and reduce the number of design reworks, the design of tillage machinery is generally carried out in a combination of simulation and bench tests, and the existing bench tests that are widely used basically use soil tank test benches. According to the structure, they are divided into linear There are two types of soil tank test benches, type and rotary. For example, the patent document CN201610567976.6 discloses a linear soil tank test bench. The test bench car walks on the fixed soil tank. Plowing or seeding parts, etc.; patent document ZL201310753918.9 reports a gear meshing driven rotary ring soil tank, including guide rail system, soil tank assembly, deceleration system and servo motor and other power. During operation, the ring soil tank rotates, and the implement And the detection equipment does not move, realizing the uninterrupted testing of the machine tools.

Although the above two types of test benches can solve the energy consumption test of rotary tillage machinery, they are only suitable for the test of rotary tillage or plowing machinery with single-axis rotation. For the two-axis rotary tillage machinery, on the one hand, the distance between the two axes and the speed cannot be adjusted online at any time. and other parameters, resulting in the inability to realize the research on the energy consumption and operation quality of each axis of the compound rotary tillage machine; The error between the results is large. For this reason, there is an urgent need to develop an outdoor field compound rotary tiller test device, which is of great significance to the design of related models.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a soil stratification rotary tillage test device which can adjust the distance between two shafts and the rotating speed at any time, and is suitable for the compound rotary tiller used in outdoor fields.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the utility model is: a soil layered rotary tillage test device, including a rotating speed adjustment device for a rotary tiller blade roller, a speed adjustment device for a soil crushing blade roller and a position adjustment device for a soil crushing blade roller, The rotational speed regulating device of the rotary cultivating knife roller, the rotational speed regulating device of the soil crushing knife roller and the position regulating device of the soil crushing knife roller are all installed on the frame;

The rotational speed regulating device of the rotary tiller roller comprises a speed-increasing gear box, a multi-speed gearbox, a side gear box, a rotary tiller roller and several rotary blades installed on the rotary tiller roller, and the input of the speed-up gear box The shaft is connected with the power source, the output shaft of the speed-up gearbox is connected with the input shaft of the multi-speed gearbox, the output shaft of the multi-speed gearbox is connected with the input shaft of the side gearbox, and the rotary tiller roller is composed of Output shaft drive of the side gearbox;

The position adjustment device of the crushing knife roller includes a bracket, an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a left connecting block, a right connecting block, a left ball screw, a right ball screw, a left movable plate, a right movable plate, and a soil crushing knife roller And some broken soil knife teeth installed on the broken soil knife roller, the left connecting block, left ball screw, left movable plate are respectively symmetrical to the right connecting block, right ball screw, and the inner sleeve of the right movable plate. set up;

The bracket is fixed on the frame, and the left connecting block and the right connecting block are both hinged on the frame;

The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve cooperate to form a screw transmission mechanism, the outer sleeve is hinged to the bracket, and the inner sleeve is hinged to the left connecting block and the right connecting block;

The nut of the left ball screw is fixedly connected to the left connecting block, the screw rod of the left ball screw is fixedly connected to the left movable plate, the nut of the right ball screw is fixedly connected to the right connecting block, and the right ball screw The screw rod of the bar is fixedly connected to the right movable plate; the soil crushing knife roller is installed between the left and right movable plates, and the left and right movable plates are detachably fixed on the frame;

The speed regulating device for the broken soil cutter roll includes a soil broken knife roll, a hydraulic pump driven by a speed increasing gearbox, and a hydraulic motor driven by the hydraulic pump. A servo valve is connected in series between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the broken soil knife roller.

Preferably, the output shaft of the speed-up gearbox is connected to the input shaft of the multi-speed gearbox through a first coupling, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor is connected to the input shaft of the soil-breaking knife roller through a second coupling .

The further improvement of the above technical solution is: a first torque speed sensor is provided between the output shaft of the multi-speed gearbox and the input shaft of the side gearbox, and a first torque speed sensor is provided between the output shaft of the hydraulic motor and the input shaft of the soil breaking knife roller. There is a second torque speed sensor between them. Still further, a plurality of force sensors are arranged at intervals on the soil breaking knife roller, and the position and arrangement of the force sensors can be adjusted.

A further improvement of the above technical solution is that: an upper cover plate for covering the soil crushing knife roller is provided above the frame, and an adjustable mounting position for fixing the upper cover plate on the frame is provided on the upper cover plate. As for the movable interface, the part of the upper cover plate located above the intersection of the rotary cultivator roller and the soil-crusher roller is made of soft cloth.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

1) Rotary cultivator roller speed adjustment principle: the speed-increasing gearbox is connected to the power, and then transmits the power to the multi-speed gearbox. The multi-speed gearbox can adjust the reduction ratio through the shift handle to control different output speeds. Then, through the first torque speed sensor, it is transmitted to the side gear box, and the side gear box drives the rotation of the rotary tiller roll to realize the speed regulation of the rotary tiller roll. At the same time, the torque and speed of the rotary tiller roll can be detected by the first torque speed sensor. equal value.

2) The principle of speed adjustment of soil crushing knife roller: the power connected to the speed-increasing gearbox is sent to the hydraulic pump, the hydraulic pump sucks oil through the oil tank, and then controls the flow of hydraulic oil through the servo valve, and the oil is input to the hydraulic motor through the pipe fittings, so that The rotation and rotational speed of the motor are controlled to adjust the rotational speed of the soil-crushing knife roller. At the same time, the torque and rotational speed of the soil-crushing knife roller can be detected by the second torque speed sensor.

3) The principle of adjusting the position of the soil crushing knife roller: first of all, when adjusting the position of the soil crushing knife roller, the left and right movable plates must be removed from the frame, so that the left and right movable The plate moves with the left and right ball screws, and after the adjustment is completed, the left and right movable plates are fixed on the frame. In order to ensure that the relative position between the crushing knife roller and the rotary tiller roller can be adjusted, the utility model adopts the control of the mutual movement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. The connecting blocks are hinged, and the left and right connecting blocks are respectively hinged around the frame, so that the inner and outer sleeves, the left connecting block, and the right connecting block form a four-bar mechanism with a moving pair—the crank rocker mechanism. By moving the inner sleeve The barrel can realize that the left connecting block and the right connecting block respectively drive the left and right ball screws on both sides to move up and down, so that the up and down positions of the left and right movable blocks can be adjusted, that is, the up and down positions of the soil breaking knife roller can be adjusted. On the other hand, the left and right ball screws themselves can adjust the left and right positions, and the left and right ball screws drive the left and right movable plates to move left and right, and then drive the left and right movement of the broken soil knife roller.

The beneficial effects brought by the utility model are: 1) The utility model integrates the electromechanical hydraulic control technology to realize the adjustment of the position and speed of the front and rear rotary tiller rollers and soil crushing cutter rollers, and at the same time, the resistance of the cutter rollers can be monitored online at any time. The technical parameters such as power consumption have laid a foundation for the research and design of the soil breaking mechanism and tillage quality of biaxial layered tillage machinery, which reduces the design cost.

2) The utility model can realize the mutual positional relationship between the front and rear axles manually or automatically. At the same time, the front axle (rotary cultivator roller) adopts gear shifting to realize the adjustable speed of the front cutter roller; the rear axle (soil crushing cutter roller) The servo valve of the hydraulic pump is used to control the feed of the oil to adjust the motor speed to realize the adjustable speed of the soil crushing knife roller. The whole device can be adjusted freely according to the working place and test requirements, accurate detection, and real-time simulation analysis under different operating conditions. The operation effect of the cutter roller cutting the soil provides a reference for the design of soil layered rotary tillage.

3) The utility model adopts a traction structure, the power can be changed freely, and the movement is convenient. Preferably, the rotary tiller blade is detachably mounted on the rotary tiller roller, and the soil-crushing knife teeth are detachably mounted on the soil-crushing knife roller, so that the structure and quantity of the cutter teeth can be changed conveniently, and can be used in different Experiments are carried out in different regions and different types of soil plots, with wide adaptability.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view along the line A-A of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover.

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the adjustable area of the position of the soil breaking knife roller relative to the rotary cultivating knife roller.

Reference signs: 1 frame, 2 bracket, 3 outer sleeve, 4 rocking handle, 5 left ball screw, 6 left handle, 7 oil outlet pipe, 8 control cabinet, 9 shift handle, 10 filter, 11 oil tank, 12 oil return pipe, 13 servo valve, 14 three-point suspension bracket, 15 speed-increasing gearbox, 16 third coupling, 17 oil inlet pipe, 18 hydraulic motor, 19 left movable plate, 20 left connecting block, 21 inner sleeve, 22 left right-angle block, 23 multi-speed gearbox, 24 hydraulic pump, 25-1 second torque speed sensor, 25-2 second coupling, 26 oil suction pipe, 27 first coupling, 28 side gearbox, 29 The first torque speed sensor, 30 right movable plate, 31 right right angle block, 32 right ball screw, 33 right connecting block, 34 upper cover plate, 34-2 soft cloth, 34-3 movable interface, 43 right handle, 35 force Sensor A, 36 force sensor B, 37 force sensor C, 38 force sensor D, 39 broken soil knife teeth, 40 broken soil knife shaft, 42 rotary tiller rollers.

Detailed ways

Example

The soil layered rotary tillage test device of this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-3 and Figure 6, includes a rotary tiller rotary speed regulator, a broken soil cutter roller speed regulator and a broken soil cutter roller position regulator, the rotary tiller The knife roller rotational speed regulating device, the soil crushing knife roller speed regulating device and the soil crushing knife roller position regulating device are all installed on the frame 1.

Rotary cultivator roll rotation speed regulating device includes speed-increasing gear box 15, multi-speed gearbox 23, side gear box 28, rotary tiller roll 42 and some rotary blades installed on rotary tiller roll 42. In this embodiment, the soil layered rotary tillage test device is hooked on the tractor through the three-point suspension bracket 14, and the input shaft of the speed-increasing gearbox 15 is connected with the output shaft of the PTO of the tractor to receive power. This embodiment adopts a traction structure, the power can be freely replaced, and the movement is convenient, so other power sources can also be used.

The output shaft of the step-up gearbox 15 is connected with the input shaft of the multi-speed gearbox 23 through the third coupling 16, and the output shaft of the multi-speed gearbox 23 is connected with the input shaft of the side gearbox 28 through the first coupling 27 , the rotary tiller roller 42 is driven by the output shaft of the side gear box 28 . The multi-speed gearbox 23 can adjust the gearbox reduction ratio through the shift handle 9 to control different output speeds, and then pass through the first torque speed sensor 29 to the side gearbox 28 .

The position adjustment device for the broken soil knife roller includes a bracket 2, an outer sleeve 3, an inner sleeve 21, a left connection block 20, a right connection block 33, a left ball screw 5, a right ball screw 32, a left movable plate 19, and a right movable plate. Plate 30, broken soil knife roller 40 and some broken soil knife teeth 39 installed on the broken soil knife roller 40, support 2 is fixed on the frame 1, left connecting block 20, left ball screw 5, left movable plate 19 respectively It is arranged symmetrically with the inner sleeve 21 of the right connecting block 33, the right ball screw 32, and the right movable plate 30 as the axis of symmetry.

The support 2 is fixed on the frame 1, and the left connecting block 20 and the right connecting block 33 are all hinged on the frame 1. The outer sleeve 3 cooperates with the inner sleeve 21 to form a screw transmission mechanism, and the inner sleeve 21 is fixedly connected with a rocker 4 for moving the inner sleeve 21 . The outer sleeve 2 is hinged to the bracket 2, and the inner sleeve 21 is hinged to the left connecting block 20 and the right connecting block 33.

The nut of the left ball screw 5 is affixed to the left connection block 20, the screw rod of the left ball screw 5 is affixed to the left movable plate 19 by the left right angle block 22, and the left handle 6 is installed on the screw rod of the left ball screw 5, which is convenient Move left flap 19. The nut of right ball screw 32 is fixedly connected with right connecting block 33, and the screw rod of right ball screw 32 is fixedly connected with right movable plate 30 by right right angle block 31, and right handle 43 is installed on the screw rod of right ball screw 32, convenient Move right movable plate 30. Broken soil knife roller 40 is installed between left and right movable plates 19,30, and left and right movable plates 19,30 are detachably fixed on the frame 1. Frame 1 is provided with the installation positions of a plurality of left and right movable plates 19,30. When adjusting the position of the broken soil knife roller 40, first left and right movable plates 19,30 will be pulled down from the frame 1. , so that the left and right movable plates 19, 30 can be moved with the left and right ball screws 5, 32. After the adjustment is completed, the left and right movable plates 19, 30 are fixed on the frame 1. At this time, the left and right movable plates 19, 30 , The installation position of right movable plate 19,30 can change. As shown in FIG. 6 , the hatched part is the movable and adjustable area formed by the soil breaking knife roller relative to the rotary cultivating knife roller.

The rotating speed regulating device of the broken soil knife roller includes the broken soil knife roller 40, the hydraulic pump 24 driven by the speed increasing gear box 15 and the hydraulic motor 18 driven by the hydraulic pump 24, and a servo valve is connected in series between the hydraulic pump 24 and the hydraulic motor 18 13. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 18 is connected to the input shaft of the soil breaking knife roller 40 through the second coupling 25-2. The hydraulic pump 24 sucks oil from the oil tank 11 through the oil suction pipe 26, then controls the flow of the hydraulic oil through the servo valve 13, and inputs the oil to the hydraulic motor 18 through the oil inlet pipe 17 (when the hydraulic motor 18 returns oil to the oil tank 11, it is filtered by the filter 10 First filter the oil) to control the rotation and speed of the motor.

This embodiment can also be improved as follows: 1) A first torque speed sensor 29 is provided between the output shaft of the multi-speed gearbox 23 and the input shaft of the side gearbox 28, and the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 18 and the soil-breaking knife roller 40 A second torque speed sensor 25-1 is arranged between the input shafts of the Furthermore, a plurality of force sensors are arranged at intervals on the soil breaking knife roller, and the position and arrangement of the force sensors can be adjusted, such as force sensor A 35 shown in Figure 3, force sensor B 36, and force sensor C 37 And the arrangement of the force sensor D 38. The first torque speed sensor 29, the second torque speed sensor 25-1 and a plurality of force sensors are connected to the control cabinet 8, and the control cabinet 8 also outputs a signal for controlling the voltage value of the servo valve, thereby controlling the opening of the valve port online size.

In this way, technical parameters such as cutter roller resistance and power consumption can be monitored online at any time, laying the foundation for the study of the soil breaking mechanism and tillage quality of the biaxial layered tillage machinery, and reducing the design cost.

2) As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, an upper cover plate 34 for covering the soil breaking knife roller 40 is provided above the frame 1, and an upper cover plate 34 is provided for fixing the upper cover plate 34 on the frame 1, the installation position adjustable movable interface 34-3, the upper cover plate 34 is made of a soft cloth 34-2 at the part above the junction of the rotary tiller roller 42 and the broken soil cutter roller 40. Can adapt to the position adjustment work of broken soil knife roller 40 by movable upper cover plate.

3) The rotary tiller blade is detachably installed on the rotary tiller roller, and the soil-crushing knife teeth are detachably installed on the soil-crushing knife roller. Experiments are carried out on plots with wide adaptability.

4) The rocking handle 4, the left handle 6 and the right handle 43 can all be replaced by motor drives, and the deformation is automatic control; the shape of the soil-breaking knife teeth 39 can be transformed into a square, trapezoidal and other similar structures; the inner and outer sleeves 21, 3 The moving pairs between them can be replaced by similar moving pairs such as hydraulic cylinders or electric cylinders.

The utility model is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, except for the above embodiments, the utility model can also have other implementations. For those skilled in the art, within the spirit and principles of the present utility model, any technical solution formed by any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. A soil layered rotary tillage test device, characterized in that: comprise rotary tiller roller speed regulator, broken soil cutter roller speed regulator and broken soil cutter roller position regulator, said rotary tiller roller speed regulator , The rotating speed adjustment device of the soil-crushing knife roller and the position adjustment device of the soil-breaking knife roller are all installed on the frame; The rotational speed regulating device of the rotary tiller roller comprises a speed-increasing gear box, a multi-speed gearbox, a side gear box, a rotary tiller roller and several rotary blades installed on the rotary tiller roller, and the input of the speed-up gear box The shaft is connected with the power source, the output shaft of the speed-up gearbox is connected with the input shaft of the multi-speed gearbox, the output shaft of the multi-speed gearbox is connected with the input shaft of the side gearbox, and the rotary tiller roller is composed of Output shaft drive of the side gearbox; The position adjustment device of the crushing knife roller includes a bracket, an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a left connecting block, a right connecting block, a left ball screw, a right ball screw, a left movable plate, a right movable plate, and a soil crushing knife roller And some broken soil knife teeth installed on the broken soil knife roller, the left connecting block, left ball screw, left movable plate are respectively symmetrical to the right connecting block, right ball screw, and the inner sleeve of the right movable plate. set up; The bracket is fixed on the frame, and the left connecting block and the right connecting block are both hinged on the frame; The outer sleeve and the inner sleeve cooperate to form a screw transmission mechanism, the outer sleeve is hinged to the bracket, and the inner sleeve is hinged to the left connecting block and the right connecting block; The nut of the left ball screw is fixedly connected to the left connecting block, the screw rod of the left ball screw is fixedly connected to the left movable plate, the nut of the right ball screw is fixedly connected to the right connecting block, and the right ball screw The screw rod of the bar is fixedly connected to the right movable plate; the soil crushing knife roller is installed between the left and right movable plates, and the left and right movable plates are detachably fixed on the frame; The speed regulating device for the broken soil cutter roll includes a soil broken knife roll, a hydraulic pump driven by a speed increasing gearbox, and a hydraulic motor driven by the hydraulic pump. A servo valve is connected in series between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic motor. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the broken soil knife roller. 2. The soil layered rotary tillage test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first torque speed sensor is provided between the output shaft of the multi-speed gearbox and the input shaft of the side gearbox, and the hydraulic pressure A second torque speed sensor is arranged between the output shaft of the motor and the input shaft of the soil-breaking knife roller. 3 . The soil layered rotary tillage test device according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of force sensors are arranged at intervals on the soil breaking knife roller. 4 . 4. The soil layered rotary tillage test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the position and arrangement of the force sensors can be adjusted. 5. The soil layered rotary tillage test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output shaft of the speed-increasing gearbox is connected to the input shaft of the multi-speed gearbox through a first coupling, and the hydraulic motor The output shaft and the input shaft of the broken soil knife roller are connected through the second coupling. 6. The soil layered rotary tillage test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary tiller blade is detachably installed on the rotary tiller roller, and the broken soil knife teeth are detachably installed on the broken soil knife roll. 7. The soil layered rotary tillage test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the frame is provided with an upper cover plate for covering the crushing knife roller, and the upper cover plate is provided with an upper cover plate for The installation position of the cover plate fixed on the frame is an adjustable movable interface, and the part of the upper cover plate located above the intersection of the rotary cultivator roller and the broken soil cutter roller is made of soft cloth.