RU167396U1 - STATION FOR SEPARATION OF THE CATALYST INTO FACTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the petrochemical industry, specifically to devices for separating the catalyst into fractions by size. The tasks of creating a utility model: increasing the productivity of the process of separation of the catalyst into fractions and separation of the dust fraction. The solution of these problems was achieved in the station for separating the catalyst into fractions containing a base, on which a vibrating screen with several screens connected through a vibrator with a drive, a loading pipe for filling the feedstock and a discharge pipe for catalyst fractions, the inlets of which are located in the cavities between the vibrating screens, is installed, and exits are made outside the station, in that the station contains a vacuum cleaner, and the upper cavity under the loading pipe is connected by a flexible hose to the inlet of the vacuum cleaner. The sieves can be tensioned on the frames. The sieves can be made in the form of a frame, which is made of a welded annular and on which the mesh is fixed and stretched. The sieve can be made with the possibility of tension. The base may contain a frame, a sheet and legs welded from below to the frame. The vibrating screen can be attached to the base sheet through a damping pad. The vacuum cleaner can be attached to the base sheet through a damping pad. The station may contain a control panel mounted on the upper wall of the housing. The control panel may include buttons for turning on and off the drive and the vacuum cleaner motor and a power indicator. The control panel can be configured to separately enable the drive and the motor of the vacuum cleaner. The control panel may be configured to simultaneously turn on the drive and

Description

The utility model relates to the petrochemical industry, specifically to devices for separating the catalyst into fractions by size.

In the chemical industry, catalysts in the form of fine solid particles are often used. Moreover, for each technological process particles of a certain size are required, i.e. it is necessary to separate the catalyst into fractions.

With the entry into force on January 1, 2016 of the Euro-5 regulation for diesel fuel DT, Russian oil refineries - refineries are forced to tighten the conditions for the processes. As a result, the inter-regeneration cycle of the operation of catalytic systems is reduced. The pressure drop across the catalyst bed increases. It is necessary to unload the catalyst in order to get rid of coke dust.

Since 2016, many refineries that have not had time to modernize reactors and processes are forced to refuel the catalysts at diesel fuel production plants every six months. When unloading, it is necessary to separate coke dust from the catalyst, to separate the catalyst system into fractions, to prevent grinding of the catalyst, to minimize dusting of the site of work with catalyst dust.

There is also a need for inspection of the catalyst installation of the reactor. For this, the working catalyst system is discharged, and it becomes necessary to separate it into fractions for subsequent loading in the same order back into the reactor after inspection of the catalyst installation.

When unloading the reactors of reforming plants, it is necessary to minimize the loss of catalysts, as well as to collect dust.

The author has been providing services for refining catalyst services for more than 10 years and is very familiar with the problem of unloading, separation into fractions and subsequent loading of catalyst systems.

At the refinery, to perform sieving into fractions, many devices are used, both specialized and adapted from other industries.

In particular, the use of agricultural screens is widespread. This device is able to separate only the coarse fraction from the fine, and with a very low productivity. When using screens, it is impossible to separate the bulk of the catalyst from dust, and also to separate the various sizes of ceramic balls from each other.

Specialized sieves are widely used to separate the unloaded mass of foreign production from such companies as Sweko, Cuccolini, etc. However, this equipment is not suitable for specialized use for the needs of refineries. These sieves are usually designed for laboratory needs or for the needs of enterprises with a focus on the production of bulk materials.

By purchasing this equipment, the refinery is constantly forced to seek a compromise between sieving quality and productivity. An increase in throughput through sieves is usually achieved by increasing the amplitude of the vibratory drive, which leads to a sharp decrease in sieving quality, as well as to grinding of the catalyst, increasing the content of crumbs and dust, which subsequently leads to an increase in pressure over the catalyst layer in the reactors.

On the other hand, foreign manufacturers are able to ensure high-quality separation of materials into 3-4 target fractions, while sacrificing performance. The material fed into the sieve moves at a low speed along the grids, ensuring high-quality separation due to the long exposure time of the mixture to be shared by vibration. However, as a rule, during reactor overloads at refineries, the deadlines are set very tight and there is simply no time left for high-quality reseeding of the catalyst mass.

All existing models of vibration screens have a fixed installation, which is naturally not acceptable in modern conditions of catalyst overloading. The refineries modernize the purchased equipment for sieving the catalyst mass - put on makeshift supports, equip them with wheel frames, etc. These methods in practice significantly complicate the unloading process, as well as the placement of sieving equipment at the location of the discharge nozzles of the reactors.

Dust formation during the unloading of catalysts is also a serious problem. In the case of hydrotreating catalysts, this dust is a suspension of fine catalyst particles containing heavy metals (Co, Mo, Ni) that can ignite in atmospheric oxygen. In the case of catalytic reforming catalysts, the dust contains rare earth metals (Au, Pt, Re). Dust must be collected to prevent entry into the soil, wastewater, equipment, as well as the skin and lungs of refinery workers.

A device for separating powder of solid particles into fractions according to the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2225238, IPC F07B 7/083, publ. May 27, 2008

In the classification zone, a field of centrifugal forces is created using a rotating rotor and a gas stream and an initial powder are supplied. Large and small fractions are taken separately from the classification zone. The gas stream is supplied in such a way that in the classification zone the aerodynamic force created by the gas stream and the centrifugal force created by the rotating rotor are equal. The temperature of the gas stream is determined and the rotor is rotated at a certain speed.

Disadvantages: the presence of rotating parts and the lack of collection of the dust fraction.

A device for separating powder of solid particles into fractions according to the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2300428, IPC F02B 7/00, publ. 06/10/2007, the prototype.

The classifier for the separation of fine powder in a gaseous medium includes a vibratory drive, a shell with holes, and a screen cloth. The shell is equipped with a continuous metal panel, rigidly fixed on its lower edge, and made with circular ribs of different heights, forming channels, and a centrally located feeder tank with a slot for feeding powder. The screen cloth is installed above the feeder and is made with a side and a bypass groove, holes for removing powder particles are made on the side against the channels and the bypass groove.

Disadvantages: low process performance, incomplete automation of the collection of the dust fraction, not enough measures to reduce vibration and noise.

The tasks of creating a utility model: increasing the productivity of the process and automation of the collection of the dust fraction.

The solution of these problems was achieved in the station for separating the catalyst into fractions containing a base, on which a vibrating screen with several screens connected through a vibrator with a drive, a loading pipe for filling the feedstock and a discharge pipe for catalyst fractions, the inlets of which are located in the cavities between the vibrating screens, is installed, and exits are made outside the station, in that the station contains a vacuum cleaner, and the upper cavity under the loading pipe is connected by a flexible hose to the inlet of the vacuum cleaner.

The sieves can be tensioned on the frames. The sieves can be made in the form of a frame, which is made welded and annular and on which the mesh is fixed and stretched. The sieves can be tensioned. The base may contain a frame, a sheet and legs welded from below to the frame. The vibrating screen can be attached to the base sheet through damping pads. The vacuum cleaner can be attached to the base sheet through damping pads. The station may contain a control panel mounted on the upper wall of the housing. The control panel may include buttons for turning on and off the drive and the vacuum cleaner motor and a power indicator. The control panel can be configured to separately enable the drive and the motor of the vacuum cleaner. The control panel can be configured to simultaneously turn on the drive and the motor of the vacuum cleaner. The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1 ... 12, where:

- in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the station,

- in FIG. 2 shows a top view,

- in FIG. 3 shows the view of the remote control,

- in FIG. 4 shows the design of the vibrating screen,

- in FIG. 5 shows a sieve on the frame,

- in FIG. 6 shows the weights of the upper and lower unbalance,

- in FIG. 7 shows the appearance of the vibrating screen,

- in FIG. 8 shows the mounting of the vacuum cleaner,

- in FIG. 9 shows the mounting of the vibrating screen,

- in FIG. 10 shows an electrical diagram of a device without a vacuum cleaner,

- in FIG. 11 shows an electrical diagram of a device with a vacuum cleaner,

- in FIG. 12 shows the appearance of the installation and mounting of the remote control.

The station for separating the powder catalyst into fractions (Fig. 1 ... 12) contains a base 1 made on a welded frame 2 in the form of a sheet 3 and four legs 4 welded from below.

In addition, the station comprises a vibrating screen 5 fixed to sheet 1.

Vibrating screen 5 is a system that performs automatic separation of the catalyst (feedstock) and is attached to the sheet 3.

Vibrating screen 5 contains several sieves 6 (at least two) installed on the frame 7 (Fig. 1 and 5). The sieves 6 are connected to a vibration exciter 8, which is connected to the drive 11 by a shaft 9 containing a coupling 10.

In more detail, the design of the vibrating screen 5 is shown in FIG. 4, and the appearance in FIG. 7.

On the basis of 12, with the help of vibration isolators 13, a casing 14 is fixed with shells 15 connected by clamps 16 (Fig. 4). In the shells 15 sieves 6 are installed, over which a loading nozzle 17 is made for filling the feedstock 18 (Figs. 1 and 4). The upper cavity 19 is formed above the upper sieve 6, the cavities 20 are formed between the sieves 6, and the lower dust cavity 21 is formed below the lower sieve 6. In the cavity 19 and 20, discharge pipes 22 with sealants 23 exit.

In FIG. 5 shows the design of the sieve 6. The sieve 6 is made in the form of a frame 7, which is made welded and annular. A grid 24 is fixed on it and stretched. On the grid 24, the material is directly divided into fractions under the influence of vibration. The mesh 24 is mounted on the frame 7 by a flange 25 with screws 26 with nuts 27 and screws 28 with nuts 29. The tension of the mesh 24 on the frame 7 is regulated by a tension device 30, made in the form of a ring. The frame 7 of the sieve 6 is fixed between the flanges of the shells 15 of the housing 14, which ensures its quick release and facilitates the replacement of grids 24. The seal of the joint of the shells provides a rubber ring 31.

The vibration exciter 8 contains an upper unbalance 32 and a lower unbalance 33, divorced by an angle ϕ (Fig. 6).

To increase the service life of the station, it is necessary to strive to provide the specified separation conditions with minimal vibration modes, i.e. with the minimum necessary amplitude.

The operating experience of the sieves shows that for sieving most materials, a vibration mode can be applied with the following parameters for the outer diameter of the upper shell:

amplitude is vertical, m 0.003 horizontal amplitude, m 0.002 ... 0.003, turning angle between the upper and lower unbalances ϕ 60 °.

The vibrating screen 5 is fastened to the sheet 3 with bolts 34 through damping pads 35 (Fig. 9).

Specifically, in the composition of the developed station, a vibration sieve SV-1, 2 was used, the technical characteristics of this vibrating screen are given in table. one.

In addition to the vibrating screen 5, the station (Fig. 1) contains a vacuum cleaner 36 mounted on the sheet 3. The inlet of the vacuum cleaner 36 is connected by a flexible hose 37 to the upper cavity 19 for dust extraction.

The vacuum cleaner 36 (Fig. 1) contains a filter element 38 (bag), an electric motor 39 connected by a shaft 40 to a fan 41.

The vacuum cleaner 36 is mounted on the sheet 3 with bolts 42 through the damping pads 43 (Fig. 8).

The station is equipped with a control unit 44, which contains a start button of the drive 45, a button to turn off the drive 46, a button to turn on the vacuum cleaner 47, a button to turn off the vacuum cleaner 48 and an indicator 49 (Figs. 1 and 10 and 11). The control unit 44 is mounted on the bracket 50. The control unit 44 of the electric wires 51 is connected to the drive 11 and the motor 39 of the vacuum cleaner 36 (Fig. 10 and 11).

In FIG. 10 shows the electrical diagram of the station. In the power supply circuit of the drive 11 and the motor 39 of the vacuum cleaner 36, the disconnecting contacts 52 ... 56 are made, mechanically connected to the buttons 45 and 46 (Fig. 10), and the power button of the vacuum cleaner 47 and the indicator 49 (Fig. 11). It is possible to separately enable the drive 11 and the motor 36 (not interlocked). The drive 11 and the motor 39 are made in fireproof execution.

The appearance of the installation and mounting of the control panel is shown in FIG. 12.

STATION WORK

During operation (Fig. 1), the feedstock 18 is loaded into the loading pipe 17. The power button of the drive 45 is turned on (Figs. 1, 10 and 11) and voltage is applied to the drive 11 and the motor 39 of the vacuum cleaner 36 through the electric wires 51. In this case, the drive is turned on 11 and the motor 39 can be performed both separately and simultaneously.

The vibration exciter 8 (Fig. 1) transmits vibrations to the sieves 6, on which the catalyst is divided into fractions.

The fractions of the catalyst through the discharge pipes 22 are output to the collecting tanks (the collecting tanks in Fig. 1 ... 12 are not shown).

Dust from the lower cavity 21 is sucked off by a vacuum cleaner 36 through a flexible hose 37 and settles on the filter element 38 (bag). Air is discharged into the atmosphere (Fig. 1).

The vacuum cleaner 36 is periodically disassembled and the filter element 38 is cleaned or replaced. High-cost catalyst dust can be reused in production. Dust with toxic properties does not penetrate into the room where the station operates.

Damping pads 35 and 43 reduce noise in the workroom.

Application of the utility model allowed:

- fully automate the collection of pulverulent catalyst fraction,

- increase labor productivity,

- reduce dust emissions into the atmosphere,

- provide safety precautions when working with the station,

- to ensure the separation of the catalyst into fractions according to particle size,

- simplify the management of the station.

Claims (11)

1. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions, containing a base on which a vibrating screen with several screens connected through a vibrator with a drive is installed, a loading pipe for filling the feedstock and a pipe for unloading the catalyst fractions, the inlets of which are located in the cavities between the vibrating screens, and the exits are made outside station, characterized in that the station contains a vacuum cleaner, and the upper cavity under the loading pipe with a flexible hose is connected to the entrance to the vacuum cleaner. 2. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieves are tensioned on the frames. 3. The station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieves are made in the form of a frame, which is made welded and annular and on which the mesh is fixed and stretched. 4. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 3, characterized in that the sieves are tensioned. 5. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 1, characterized in that the base comprises a frame, a sheet and legs welded from below to the frame. 6. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 5, characterized in that the vibrating screen is attached to the base sheet through damping pads. 7. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 5, characterized in that the vacuum cleaner is attached to the base sheet through damping pads. 8. A station for separating a catalyst into fractions according to claim 1, characterized in that the station comprises a control panel mounted on a base sheet. 9. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 8, characterized in that the control panel includes buttons for turning on and off the drive and the vacuum cleaner motor and an on indicator. 10. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 8, characterized in that the control panel is configured to separately enable the drive and the vacuum cleaner motor. 11. A station for separating the catalyst into fractions according to claim 8, characterized in that the control panel is configured to simultaneously turn on the drive and the vacuum cleaner motor.