RU165876U1 - ELECTRIC CONVERTER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An electric traction converter (14) for installation on the roof (12) of a motor car (10), comprising a casing (28) subdivided into a converter compartment (30) and a heat exchanger compartment (32), wherein the converter compartment (30) is sealed to the environment and includes several converter modules (58) with power semiconductors and an integrated heat exchanger (34) for cooling the converter compartment (30); moreover, the heat exchanger compartment (32) is capable of drawing in external air and includes an external heat exchanger (38) and an external fan an absorber (42) supplying external air to an external heat exchanger (38) connected to an integrated heat exchanger (34) for removing heat from the converter compartment (30) to the heat exchanger compartment (32) and further to the environment; moreover, in the casing (28) above the braking compartment (32) has several braking resistors (48) for cooling the braking resistances (48) with air discharged from the heat exchanger compartment (32). 2. The electric traction converter according to claim 1, wherein the converter compartment (30) includes an integrated fan (36) that circulates air inside the converter compartment (30) and supplies air to the integrated heat exchanger (34) .3. An electric traction converter according to claim 1, wherein the external heat exchanger (38) and the integrated heat exchanger (34) are connected to each other by a cooling circuit (40) with a refrigerant. 4. An electric traction converter according to claim 2, wherein the external heat exchanger (38) and the integrated heat exchanger (34) are connected to each other by a cooling circuit (40) with a refrigerant. An electric traction converter according to claim 3, wherein the cooling circuit (40) also includes an expansion tank (72) and / or a pump (74) installed in the heat exchanger compartment (32). 6. Electric traction

Description

This utility model relates to electric traction converters. In particular, the utility model relates to an electric traction converter intended for installation on the roof of a motor car and to a system consisting of an electric traction converter and an air supercharger.

Rail transport, for example, trains, trams, with electric traction receives traction electric current, usually from an overhead power line. Electric traction converters that produce alternating current from a direct or alternating current received from an overhead line to supply one or more drive motors are usually installed on the upper side or on the roof of a railroad motor car. However, such electric traction converters can be installed under the motor car or inside the motor car.

Such an electric drive converter typically includes a casing made of steel or aluminum (for example, from welded or riveted sheet metal), to accommodate the electrical components of the electric drive converter. These components include heavy and massive parts, such as inductors and switches, light parts, such as modular power semiconductor devices, control components, passive components, and wiring. Control components, including printed circuit boards, low-voltage semiconductors and relays, are installed, as a rule, in separate housings that protect them from electromagnetic interference of other components.

Since power structural elements, for example, converter modules, auxiliary converter modules and / or capacitor modules, generate a large amount of heat during operation, they must be actively cooled. In addition, they must be protected from environmental influences (for example, rain, high humidity) to ensure their smooth operation.

The objective of this utility model is to create an electric traction converter for mounting on the roof of a motor car with efficient cooling of power elements.

This problem is solved using an object characterized by an independent claim of a utility model formula. Other embodiments of the utility model are disclosed in the dependent claims and in the description of the utility model.

This utility model relates to an electric traction converter mounted on the roof of a motor car. In this case, the electric traction converter includes components of a rail transport drive intended for converting a direct or alternating current of the supply network to an alternating voltage supplying one or more electric motors of the rail transport.

Rail transport can be a train or tram. Typically, such a rail transport includes one or more self-driving motor cars. Thus, it is possible for each motor car to have a separate electric traction converter. It is also possible that the motor car, on the roof of which an electric traction converter is installed, is a locomotive. A motor car usually refers to a railway vehicle with an engine, for example, a motor car of the locomotive type (Lok).

According to an embodiment of this utility model, the electric traction converter includes a housing consisting of a converter compartment and a heat exchanger compartment. The casing is made, for example, of welded and / or riveted metal sheets, for example, steel or aluminum. In the casing there is a converter compartment and a heat exchanger compartment, separated, for example, by a partition passing between them.

The converter compartment is sealed, and several converter modules with high-voltage semiconductors and an integrated heat exchanger for cooling high-voltage semiconductors are installed in it. Thus, the converter modules and other components or parts of the converter are protected from the environment, and they are cooled by a heat exchanger that removes the heat produced by the converter modules, chokes and transformers from the converter compartment.

For this, the heat exchanger compartment is capable of sucking in external air and includes an external heat exchanger and an external fan sucking the external air through an external heat exchanger connected to the built-in heat exchanger to remove heat from the converter compartment to the heat exchanger compartment and further out.

In addition, several braking resistances are installed in the casing of the electric traction converter above the heat exchanger compartment, so that the air exiting the heat exchanger compartment cools the braking resistors. In this way, external air is sucked in, which cools the converter compartment modules and, in addition, other parts of the heat exchanger compartment (for example, chokes) through the internal and external heat exchanger systems. When this air leaves the heat exchanger compartment, cooling of the braking resistors additionally occurs. Thus, the fan cools both the details of the heat exchanger compartment and the braking resistors.

Braking resistors are designed to intercept voltage fluctuations in an overhead power line and / or to receive electricity if the electricity generated during engine operation in generator mode cannot be sent back to the overhead power line.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the converter compartment includes an integrated fan for circulating air within the converter compartment and for supplying air from the converter modules to an external heat exchanger. In the conversion module, one or more ducts are made for blowing air from the fan through the heat exchanger and for cooling it. Cooled air passes through the duct or ducts past the converter modules, control devices, chokes and / or transformers, cools them and goes back to the fan. Thus, the converter compartment cools only one fan.

In one embodiment of the utility model, an external and internal heat exchanger connects the cooling circuit to the refrigerant. The refrigerant is, for example, water (optionally with non-freezing or other additives).

The cooling circuit also includes an expansion tank and / or a pump installed in the heat exchanger compartment. Using a pump, refrigerant circulates between both heat exchangers.

Preferably, the heat exchanger compartment includes at least one side opening facing outward in which an external heat exchanger is mounted. A hole is made in the side wall of the casing, which is also the wall of the heat exchanger compartment (and the converter compartment), through which air enters the heat exchanger compartment. An external heat exchanger is installed in this opening. It is also possible to make two opposite side openings, in each of which a heat exchanger is installed.

Preferably, at least one air filter is installed on the side of the heat exchanger compartment with the possibility of sucking air through it into the interior of the converter compartment. A side opening or side openings is blocked by an air filter mounted on the side of the casing of the electric traction converter. The air entering the heat exchanger compartment first passes through the air filter for cleaning.

In one embodiment of the utility model, a hinged up frame is mounted in the converter compartment, on which the control components of the electric traction converter are mounted. For example, when replacing parts in the converter compartment, the converter compartment cover is removed and the hinged frame is tilted to the side to provide access to the parts installed underneath.

Preferably, the converter compartment includes one or more capacitor modules for an intermediate DC circuit. For example, the converter modules form a rectifier that converts the alternating voltage of the overhead power transmission network into a constant voltage supplied to the intermediate DC circuit. Additional converter modules form an inverter that converts a constant voltage (usually multiphase, in particular, three-phase) into alternating voltage for one or more drive motors of a motor car.

The converter compartment also includes one or more auxiliary converter modules generating auxiliary voltage for a motor car. Auxiliary converter modules are part of one or more auxiliary converters that provide, for example, together with a transformer auxiliary voltage for a motor car, as well as for other possible rail cars (for example, for lighting, etc.). The auxiliary converter modules are also cooled by the air flow from the integrated fan.

Both converter modules and auxiliary converter modules are three- or two-level converters. They include power semiconductors (for example, IGBT - insulated gate bipolar transistors), designed for medium voltage (for example, more than 1000 V). Auxiliary converter modules can also be power semiconductors for low voltage (less than 1000 V).

In one embodiment of the utility model, the converter compartment also includes a loading module for the DC link circuit. A module can be installed in the converter compartment, preloading the capacitors of the intermediate DC circuit when the converter is started. The loading module is also cooled by the air flow in the converter module.

The converter compartment may also contain a pre-heating refrigerant module that heats the refrigerant to the required operating temperature if it is insufficient when starting the electric converter.

Preferably, the converter modules are adapted to be individually removed from the converter compartment or to remove the converter module as a whole from the converter compartment. In other words, the components of the electric drive converter (for example, converter modules, as well as capacitor modules) are configured to be replaced in design groups. Such a modular device simplifies maintenance of the electric traction converter.

To replace the converter module or the capacitor module, remove the casing cover above the converter compartment and / or fold the hinged frame to the side. To reduce the time of the maintenance operation, the electric traction converter is made, for example, in such a way that any module can be replaced in less than 30 minutes.

A further aspect relates to a system comprising an electric traction converter as described above and below and an air supercharger of a drive electric motor, the casing of the electric traction transducer being connected to the air supercharger so that the fan can draw air from the heat exchanger compartment. For example, an air blower, to increase cooling power, draws air through an air filter or air filters and / or an external heat exchanger or external heat exchangers. Thus, the operation of the fan of the heat exchanger module is enhanced by an air blower installed under the motor car and / or connected by a pipe passing through the motor car with an electric traction converter.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show the following:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a motor car with an electric drive converter according to one embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an electric drive converter according to one embodiment of a utility model;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an electric drive converter according to one embodiment of a utility model;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the electric drive converter of FIG. 3 without cover;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a converter compartment of the electric drive converter of FIG. 3, top view;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a converter compartment of the electric drive converter of FIG. 3, bottom view.

All identical or similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 1 shows a motor car 10, on the roof 12 of which an electric traction converter 14 is installed. The electric traction converter 14 is connected by a current collector 16 to a network 18 of an overhead power transmission line and is grounded through the wheels 20 of the motor car.

An electric traction converter 14 generates an alternating voltage from a direct or alternating voltage of the overhead transmission line network 18 to drive an electric motor 22, which drives the wheels 20 of a motor car 10. The electric motor 22 includes an air supercharger 24, primarily intended for cooling the electric motor 22, but additionally connected by a pipeline 26 with an electric traction converter 14 for creating an air flow therein, a cooling and an electric traction converter 14.

Thus, the system 27, including an air blower 24, a pipe 26 and an electric traction converter 14, provides additional cooling for the electric traction converter 14 without the need for an additional fan.

In FIG. 2 shows the separation of the casing 28 into the converter compartment 30 and the heat exchanger compartment 32.

The converter compartment 30 is sealed (with respect to the environment, i.e. humidity of air, rain, etc.) so that air exchange with the environment is not possible. An integrated heat exchanger 34 and an integrated fan 36 are installed in the converter compartment 30 with installed power components of the electric drive converter 10, for example, semiconductor modules, capacitors, etc. heat exchanger.

In the compartment 32 of the heat exchanger, one or more external heat exchangers 38 are mounted, connected by a cooling circuit 40 to the integrated heat exchanger 34. The cooling circuit 40 supplies (for example, by means of a pump) the heat from the integrated heat exchanger to the external heat exchangers. It is also possible to directly connect the converter modules inside the converter compartment to the cooling circuit for direct cooling.

The heat exchanger compartment 32 allows air exchange with the environment. The external fan 42 draws in the outside air into the heat exchanger compartment 32, in which one or more openings 44 are made, each of which is blocked by the air filter 46. The filtered outside air cools the external heat exchanger 38 and then leaves the heat exchanger compartment 32 up where the module above the compartment 32 of the heat exchanger installed braking resistors 48. Thus, only one fan 42 cools both the compartment 32 of the heat exchanger and the compartment 30 of the Converter and the braking resistors.

In FIG. 3 and 4 show a perspective view of the electric drive converter 14, wherein FIG. 4, there is no cover 50 of the converter compartment 30 and braking resistors 48. The casing 28 is mainly square in shape, with the cover 50 and the braking resistor 48 being slightly curved. The casing 28 is made, for example, of riveted and / or welded metal sheets.

The heat exchanger compartment 32 includes, on the front side, a hinged lid 52 for maintenance, providing access to the inside of the heat exchanger compartment 32. In addition, the heat exchanger compartment 32 includes side openings 44 through which air enters the heat exchanger compartment 32. In these openings 44 are installed external heat exchangers 38.

Air filters 46 are mounted on the side wall of the casing 28 next to the heat exchanger compartment 32 and the converter compartment 30. Outside air enters the heat exchanger compartment 32 through air filters 46 containing, for example, woven or fibrous material as filter material.

The heat exchanger compartment 32 is closed at the top by a braking resistor module 48, which can be removed from the casing 28 for maintenance to gain access to the inside of the heat exchanger compartment 32.

In the same way, the cover 50 can be removed from the casing 28 to gain access into the compartment 30 of the Converter. For minor maintenance, the cover 50 has two hinged covers 54 of the technical compartment, providing access, for example, to the built-in heat exchanger 34, an air filter and / or hinged frame 56 with control components connected, for example, by optical fiber to other components of the electric drive converter 14. These hinged covers 54 technical compartment made with the possibility of folding up.

As shown in FIG. 4, converter compartment 30 includes converter modules 58. These converter modules 58 include power semiconductors forming a main converter for supplying electric motor 22 and designed, for example, for voltages above 1000 V. Converter modules 58, made for example with IGBT bipolar transistors with insulated shutter - as power semiconductors and strobe lights for their control, connected directly to the cooling circuit 40.

The converter compartment 30 also includes one or more auxiliary converters providing an auxiliary voltage below 1000 V, supplying, for example, lighting or heating of a motor car. This auxiliary voltage can feed other possible rail cars.

In FIG. 5 and 6 show a top and bottom view of the converter compartment 30 with the covers and converter modules removed. The figures also show that the converter compartment includes identical capacitor modules 60 for the intermediate circuit of the main converter, capacitors 62 for the intermediate circuit of the main converter or main converters, and a transformer 64 for the auxiliary converter.

In addition, filter chokes 66 for the main converter and filter chokes 68 for the auxiliary converter are installed in the converter compartment 30. In the compartment 30 of the Converter also made contacts 70 for connecting the Converter.

In the compartment 30 of the converter, additional modules are made, such as, for example, a brake converter, a loading module and a heating module. The brake converter supplies electric power generated by the electric motor 20 in the generator mode to the brake resistors 58 if it cannot be sent back to the network 18. The loading module is designed to load the capacitors 60 and also includes a switch for contact with the network 18, a switch for contact with the capacitors 60 load resistance. The heating module is designed to heat the refrigerant when starting the electric traction Converter 14, if the temperature of the refrigerant is insufficient.

In FIG. 4 also shows that the heat exchanger compartment 32 includes, in addition to the external fan 42, an expansion tank 72 and a refrigerant pump 74. Expansion tank 72 compensates for changes in refrigerant volume caused by temperature changes. The refrigerant pump 74 drives the refrigerant through the cooling circuit 40 and thus through the heat exchangers 42, 34 and the converter modules 58.

In the compartment 32 of the heat exchanger at the inlet of the converter, a choke 76 is also installed to protect the converter from voltage surges. Fan 42 also cools choke 76.

In addition, it should be noted that the term “includes” does not exclude the presence of other elements or operations, and the category “singular” does not exclude the plural. It should also be noted that features or operations described with reference to one of the above embodiments of the utility model can also be used in combination with other features or operations of the other embodiments of the utility model described above. Reference positions in the utility model formula should not be construed as limiting.

Claims (12)

1. Electric traction converter (14) for installation on the roof (12) of a motor car (10), comprising a casing (28) subdivided into a converter compartment (30) and a heat exchanger compartment (32); moreover, the converter compartment (30) is sealed with respect to the environment and includes several converter modules (58) with power semiconductors and an integrated heat exchanger (34) for cooling the converter compartment (30); moreover, the heat exchanger compartment (32) is adapted to draw in external air and includes an external heat exchanger (38) and an external fan (42) supplying external air to the external heat exchanger (38) connected to the built-in heat exchanger (34) to remove heat from the compartment (30 ) a converter into the heat exchanger compartment (32) and further into the environment; moreover, in the casing (28) above the compartment (32) of the heat exchanger, several braking resistors (48) are installed to cool the braking resistors (48) with air discharged from the compartment (32) of the heat exchanger. 2. The electric traction converter according to claim 1, wherein the converter compartment (30) includes an integrated fan (36) that circulates air inside the converter compartment (30) and supplies air to the integrated heat exchanger (34). 3. The electric traction converter according to claim 1, wherein the external heat exchanger (38) and the integrated heat exchanger (34) are connected to each other by a cooling circuit (40) with a refrigerant. 4. The electric traction converter according to claim 2, wherein the external heat exchanger (38) and the integrated heat exchanger (34) are connected to each other by a cooling circuit (40) with a refrigerant. 5. The electric traction converter according to claim 3, wherein the cooling circuit (40) also includes an expansion tank (72) and / or a pump (74) installed in the heat exchanger compartment (32). 6. The electric traction converter according to claim 4, wherein the cooling circuit (40) also includes an expansion tank (72) and / or a pump (74) installed in the heat exchanger compartment (32). 7. Electric traction Converter according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, in which in the compartment (32) of the heat exchanger, at least one laterally extending outwardly extending (44) is provided in which an external heat exchanger (38) is mounted. 8. The electric drive converter according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, in which at least one air filter (46) is installed on the side of the heat exchanger compartment (32), configured to suck air through it into the heat exchanger compartment (32). 9. The electric drive converter according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, in which in the compartment (30) of the transducer is installed a rotary frame (56), made with the possibility of folding up, with the control components of the electric traction converter (14). 10. The electric drive converter according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6 containing one or more capacitor modules (60) for an intermediate DC circuit; and / or one or more auxiliary converter modules generating auxiliary voltage for a motor car; and / or loading module for an intermediate DC circuit; and / or preheater module for refrigerant. 11. Electric traction Converter according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, in which Converter modules (58) are arranged for their single extraction from the converter compartment (30) and / or the converter module (58) is configured to extract it entirely from the converter compartment (30). 12. Electric traction Converter according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6, in which the casing (28) is connected to the air blower (24) of the drive motor (22) with the possibility of air removal from the compartment (32) of the heat exchanger through the air blower (24).

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