RU165100U1 - REINFORCING FILLER FOR STRUCTURAL MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Reinforcing filler for a structural material, comprising a layer of continuous parallelized threads (rovings), characterized in that the filler contains at least two layers of continuous multidirectional parallelized, non-interwoven, non-bonded threads (rovings) that create a physically isotropic structure -mechanical properties in the given directions, equal to 1, and the layers are fastened together by firmware of synthetic threads. 2. Reinforcing filler according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of threads (rovings) are made of basalt, or glass, or alternating these threads (rovings). 3. Reinforcing filler according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface density of the reinforcing filler is at least 350 g / ms with a linear density of filaments (rovings) of at least 400 tex.

Description

The invention relates to reinforcing textile fillers for structural materials and is used to facilitate and strengthen critical products in various branches of technology

Reinforcing textile fillers provide a combination of high mechanical strength, lightness and durability of structural materials

Known reinforcing textile fillers for structural materials in the form of woven, non-woven, knitted fabrics, winding products.

The analogue is known according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2542294, E04C 3/02 (2006.01), 02/20/2015, in which the reinforcing layers of fiberglass are sequentially laid on both sides of the core with the bonding of the layers impregnated with a binder mainly using vacuum infusion technology. As layers of the reinforcing material of the shell used fiberglass with different angular orientation of the fibers with respect to the longitudinal axis of the core. The inner central layer is fiberglass, laid out so that the fibers forming this fiberglass are laid at angles of 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the core, and the remaining layers are external with respect to the central layer, of fiberglass, laid so that the fibers forming this fiberglass are laid at angles of 0 °, + 45 ° and -45 ° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the core. A nanomodified epoxy compound was used as an impregnating binder.

The disadvantages of this analogue are the loss of strength of the threads in the process of producing fabric for all transitions of weaving.

As a result, to ensure the required strength of the filler, an increase in its thickness is required, which leads to a rise in the cost of textile reinforcing filler and the product as a whole.

Known knitting-piercing reinforcing equal strength material from fiberglass is two loosely superimposed systems of threads (tows) - warp and weft, interconnected by threads of the third system (piercing threads) - weaving tights. The method of production of the material allows a wide range of changes in density, both on the basis of and the weft. (Dedyukhin V.G., Stavrov V.P., “Pressed fiberglass”, M., Publishing House Chemistry, 1976, p. 32. from the Handbook of the chemist of the 21st century, http://chem21.info/info/762; 2015. )

This material is used as reinforcing in the production of fiberglass, structural fiberglass for aircraft, shipbuilding, construction, etc., as well as in the manufacture of winding products. The use of knitting and piercing reinforcing materials made of glass fiber is economically effective due to the fact that the knitting and piercing method of production is 6-10 times more productive than weaving.

Along with important advantages, this material also has significant disadvantages in the form of weakening of threads and fibers due to wear, bending and damage by needles, which reduces the physicomechanical properties of the reinforcing material.

A multilayer web of at least two layers located on top of one another of complex reinforcing filament yarns located inside the layers parallel to each other and adjacent to each other is known, the reinforcing yarns inside one layer and also inside adjacent layers are connected to each other and fixed relative to each other using sewing threads running parallel to each other and spaced apart by the width of the stitch, and these sewing threads form loops with a stitch length, and these sewing threads determine the zero degree of the multilayer nonwoven fabric, and the reinforcing threads of the layers with respect to the direction of the zero degree of the multilayer nonwoven fabric are symmetrical, and in the direction of their length form an angle α with the direction of the zero degree, which is not equal to 90 ° and 0 °, the sewing threads have a titer of range from 10 to 35 dtex. (RF patent No. 2555688, D04B 21/16, 07/10/2015).

The disadvantage of this analogue is the presence of an additional operation of fixing the threads in the layer, which leads to an increase in labor and material consumption.

Also known is “T10 Fabric” according to the Interstate Standard GOST 12170-2002 “Fiberglass Fabrics”, IPK Standards Publishing House, 05/06/2002.

It is used as a reinforcing material in the manufacture of fiberglass structural purposes.

This fabric is used as one or more layers superimposed on one another in a multilayer structure of textile reinforcing filler.

The closest analogue is a reinforcing material in the form of several layers of T-10 fabric of layered structural fiberglass according to USSR author's certificate No. 537174, E04C 3/28, 11/30/1976, in which individual fiberglass fabrics of increased strength are folded one above the other in several layers.

The disadvantages of this closest analogue include the anisotropy of the physico-mechanical properties of the filler. These properties are guaranteed in only one direction along the warp or weft. Threads also lose their initial bending strength as they are made into the fabric. As a result, to ensure the necessary physical and mechanical properties of fiberglass, an increase in the thickness of the reinforcing filler is required, which leads to a rise in the cost of the textile reinforcing filler and the product as a whole. In addition, the filler layers do not have a stable and stable shape before being treated with chemical binders.

The most common in reinforcing fillers are fiberglass.

The utility model has the task of reducing the material consumption of the filler (low bulk weight) while maintaining or enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of the threads (rovings). (compressive strength, bending tensile, impact, shear, etc.), increase fire resistance and shape stability.

This technical result is achieved in that in a reinforcing filler for a structural material comprising a layer of continuous parallelized filaments, the filler contains at least two layers of continuous multidirectional, parallelized, non-interwoven, non-interlocked strands (rovings) that create a structure with physical isotropic physical mechanical properties in the given directions equal to 1. At the same time, the layers are fastened together by a firmware of synthetic threads.

Also, the reinforcing filler is made of basalt threads (rovings), or glass, or alternating threads (rovings).

Another reinforcing filler has a surface density of at least 350 g / m ² with a linear density of threads (rovings) of at least 400 tex.

The canvases have several layers of continuous parallelized, non-interwoven, non-bonded threads. The layers are arranged at a selected angle relative to each other, which creates the isotropy of the physicomechanical properties of the web in predetermined directions, equal to 1. Basalt, glass fibers and their mixtures are used as raw materials in the layers.

When using a reinforcing filler in a composite, the advantages in terms of physical and mechanical parameters of the latter are revealed in comparison with the use of a traditional filler made of T-10 fabric, namely, an increase in the breaking stress during bending, a decrease in the deflection of the composite, and an increase in the elastic modulus during bending. The indicated advantages of the mechanical properties of composite materials based on the proposed reinforcing fillers are confirmed by examples.

Example 1

Reinforcing material in the form of a two-layer fabric based on basalt threads (rovings) with a linear density of 400 tex. Layers are laid in the canvas at angles of + 45 ° / -45 °. The canvas has a surface density of 378 g / m ² .

In the composite material, the number of layers of reinforcing filler was 10, the degree of resin deposition of about 40%.

In composite materials based on standard T-10 fiberglass and the inventive reinforcing material, the following were determined: breaking stress during bending, magnitude of deflection during bending, elastic modulus during bending. The data are shown in table 1.

Example 2

Reinforcing material in the form of a two-layer web based on fiberglass (roving) with a linear density of 410 tex. Layers are laid in the canvas at 0 ° / 90 ° angles. The canvas has a surface density of 383 g / m ² .

In the composite material, the number of layers of the reinforcing fabric was - 10, the degree of resin deposition of about 40%.

In composite materials based on standard T-10 fiberglass and the inventive reinforcing filler, the following were determined: breaking stress during bending, magnitude of deflection during bending, elastic modulus during bending. The data are shown in table 2.

Example 3

Reinforcing material in the form of a two-layer web, one of the layers of which is made of glass fibers (roving) with a linear density of 410 tex, the other based on basalt fibers (roving) with a linear density of 400 tex. Layers are laid in the canvas at angles of + 45 ° / -45 °. The canvas has a surface density of 385 g / m ² .

In the composite material, the number of layers of reinforcing filler was 10, the degree of resin deposition of about 40%.

In composite materials based on standard T-10 fiberglass and the inventive reinforcing filler, the following were determined: breaking stress during bending, magnitude of deflection during bending, elastic modulus during bending. The data are shown in table 3.

Structural materials with developed fillers are offered to replace composites with textile woven fillers.

The proposed utility model is reduced to the creation of fillers in the form of cloths without weaving on the basis of high-strength yarns, in particular, from basalt and glass yarns (rovings) and their combinations.

Canvas fillers can have from 2 to 12-14 layers.

The inventive reinforcing material is made on standard equipment from KARL MAYER (Germany) type MAX 3 or Malitronic MULTIAXIAL.

The technology for producing the inventive reinforcing materials includes the following stages:

- dressing creel threads (rovings);

- layer laying;

- high-strength firmware layers with needle elements;

- knurling the web into a roll.

Claims (3)

1. Reinforcing filler for a structural material, comprising a layer of continuous parallelized threads (rovings), characterized in that the filler contains at least two layers of continuous multidirectional parallelized, non-interwoven, non-bonded threads (rovings) that create a physically isotropic structure -mechanical properties in the given directions, equal to 1, and the layers are bonded to each other by firmware from synthetic threads. 2. Reinforcing filler according to claim 1, characterized in that the layers of threads (rovings) are made of basalt, or glass, or alternating these threads (rovings). 3. Reinforcing filler according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface density of the reinforcing filler is at least 350 g / m ² with a linear density of threads (rovings) of at least 400 tex.