RU164168U1 - RECTANGULAR RECTANGULAR FREQUENCY GENERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The frequency-modulated square-wave generator contains an external control-square-wave generator, the first and second logic elements 2 OR NOT, the first and second signal delay circuits, a buffer logic element, and the buffer output is the output of a frequency-modulated square-wave generator, characterized in that the modulating voltage generator, as well as the controller of the first and second signal delay circuits, in the first and second signal delay circuits the first and second resistors with variable resistors introduced constant in magnitude first and second resistors respectively, introduced the first MOS transistor with an n-type channel, the second MOS transistor with an n-type channel, the potential output of the modulating voltage generator is connected to the gates of the first and second MOS -transistors with an n-type channel, the controller of the first and second signal delay circuits has two outputs, its first output is formed parallel to the first resistor of the first signal delay circuit the drain-source output circuit of the first MOSFET with an n-type channel, its second output is formed in parallel with the second resistor of the second signal delay circuit, the drain-source circuit of the second MOSFET with an n-type channel, the frequency modulation of the rectangular pulses is due to changes in the resistance of the channels of the first and second MOS transistors with an n-type channel under the action of the modulating voltage of the control signal generator to the gates of the first and second MOS transistors with n-t channels na.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of radio engineering and can be used in radio transmitting devices, in measuring equipment as a source of frequency-modulated rectangular pulses.

A known rectangular pulse generator [1], which contains an external generator of control rectangular signals (1), the first logic element 2 OR NOT (2), the second logic element 2 OR NOT (3), the first signal delay circuit (4), the second circuit delays in the passage of signals (5), connected to the outputs of the first (2) and second (3) logic elements 2 OR NOT, respectively, the generator also contains a buffer logic element (6), consisting of two inverters connected in series (Fig. 1), a prototype.

The disadvantage of this known device is that the rectangular pulse generator is not capable of modulating the generated pulses.

The purpose of the claimed technical solution is to expand the functionality of the rectangular pulse generator by improving its structure.

A frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses, a block diagram of the inventive utility model of which on logical elements 2OR-NOT (Fig. 2) contains an external generator of control rectangular signals (1), the potential output of which is connected to the first inputs of the first (2) and second (3) logic gates 2 OR NOT, respectively, the first signal delay circuit (4) connected to the output of the first logic element 2 OR NOT (2), the second signal delay circuit (5) connected to the output of the second logical OR-NOT element (3), the output of the second signal delay circuit (5) is connected to the second input of the first logic element 2 OR-NOT (2), the output of the first signal delay circuit (4) is connected to the second input of the second logic element 2 OR NOT (3) and the input of the buffer logic element (6), consisting of two series-connected inverters, characterized in that the modulating voltage generator (7) is introduced, the output of this generator is connected to the input of the regulator (8) of the first (4) and second circuits (5 ) delays in the passage of signals, re the amplifier (8) has two outputs, its first output is connected to the first signal delay circuit (4), and the second output is connected to the second signal delay circuit (5), the output (6) of the buffer logic element is the output of a frequency modulated rectangular pulses.

Achievable technical result of this utility model is the expansion of the functionality of a rectangular pulse generator.

The technical result is achieved by introducing a modulating voltage generator (7), as well as a regulator (8) of the first (4) and second (5) signal delay circuits (Fig. 2).

Functional diagram of the implementation of the well-known rectangular pulse generator [1] (Fig. 3), a prototype functional diagram of the implementation of the claimed utility model of the frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses on logic elements 2 OR NOT using nMOS transistors, contains: an external generator of control rectangular signals (1 ), the first logical element 2 OR NOT (2), the second logical element 2 OR NOT (3), the first signal delay circuit, implemented as the first U-shaped RC filter, composed of capacitors (4), (6), manually tunable resistor (5), while the output of the first logic element 2OR-NOT (2) is connected to the first terminals of the capacitor (4) and resistor (5), the second output of the resistor (5) connected to the first output of the capacitor (6), the second input of the second logic element 2 OR NOT (3) and the input of the buffer logic element consisting of the first logical element NOT (10) and the second logical element NOT (11), the output of the first logical element NOT ( 10) is connected to the input of the second logical element NOT (11), the output of the second logical of a NE element (11) is the output of a rectangular pulse generator, the second capacitor terminals (4), (6) are connected to the device common bus, the second signal delay circuit is implemented as a second U-shaped RC filter composed of capacitors (7) , (9), manually tunable resistor (8), while the output of the second logical element 2OR-NOT (3) is connected to the first terminals of the capacitor (7) and resistor (8), the second terminal of the resistor (8) is connected to the first terminal capacitor (9), the second input of the first logic element 2 or the one-NO (2), the second terminals of the capacitors (7), (9) connected to a common bus device.

Functional diagram of the implementation of the claimed utility model of a frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses on 2 OR-NOT logic elements using MOS transistors with an n-type channel (Fig. 4) contains: an external generator of control rectangular signals (1), the first logical element 2 OR NOT (2), the second logic element 2 OR NOT (3), the first signal delay circuit, implemented in the form of a first U-shaped RC filter composed of capacitors (4), (6), manually tunable resistor (5) while you One of the first logical element 2 OR-NOT (2) is connected to the first terminals of the capacitor (4) and resistor (5), the second terminal of the resistor (5) is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor (6), the second input of the second logical element 2 OR-NOT (3) and the input of the buffer logic element consisting of the first logical element NOT (10) and the second logical element NOT (11), the output of the first logical element NOT (10) is connected to the input of the second logical element NOT (11), the output of the second logical element NOT (11) ) is the output of the frequency modulated oscillator n rectangular pulses, the second terminals of the capacitors (4), (6) are connected to the device common bus, the second signal delay circuit is implemented as a second U-shaped RC filter composed of capacitors (7), (9), manually tunable a resistor (8), while the output of the second logical element 2OR-NOT (3) is connected to the first terminals of the capacitor (7) and the resistor (8), the second terminal of the resistor (8) is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor (9), the second input of the first logical element 2 OR NOT (2), the second terminals of the capacitors (7), (9) Nena common bus devices, the use of two series-connected inverters (10), (11) as the buffer logic output device provides improved shape (slope fronts) modulated in frequency rectangular pulses.

The functional diagram of the implementation of the inventive utility model of a frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses on 2 OR-NOT logic elements using MOSFETs with an n-type channel differs from the functional diagram of the implementation of the "Rectangular pulse generator" model on 2 OR-NOT logic elements (Fig. 3, prototype) by the fact that instead of resistors (5) and (8) with variable resistances, resistors constant in magnitude (5) and (8) are introduced, respectively, the first MOS transistor with an n-type channel (12), the second MOS transistor are introduced p with an n-type channel (13), with the first MOS transistor (12) using its terminals, the drain and source are connected in parallel to the resistor (5), the second MOS transistor using its terminals, the drain and source are connected in parallel with the resistor (8) , the substrates of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors are connected to a common generator bus, a modulating voltage generator (14) is introduced, its potential output is connected to the gates of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors with n- channels type (Fig. four).

The frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses on logical elements 2 OR NOT using MOS transistors with an n-type channel works as follows. The first U-shaped RC filter composed of capacitors (4), (6), a resistor (5) and a MOS transistor (12) connected in parallel with the resistor (5) forms the first signal delay circuit from the output of the first logic element 2 OR NOT (2) to the second input of the second logic element 2 OR NOT (3) with a delay time t _{ass 1} , the second U-shaped RC filter, composed of capacitors (7), (9), a resistor (8) and connected in parallel with a resistor ( 8) MOS transistor (13) forms a second delay circuit of the signal from the output of the second logic element 2OR-N E (3) to the second input of the first logic element 2 OR NOT (2) with a delay time t _{ass 2} . A circuit consisting of a parallel-connected MOS transistor (12) and a resistor (5) is characterized by an equivalent value of resistance R _{equiv 1} , a circuit consisting of a parallel-connected MOS transistor (12) and a resistor (5) is characterized by an equivalent value of resistance R _{equiv 2} . If the voltage at the output of the modulating voltage generator (14) is equal to zero, the resistances R _{equiv 1} and R _{equiv 2} are fixed values, therefore, there is no frequency modulation of the generated pulse sequence.

When applying alternating voltage from the output of the modulating voltage generator (14) to the gates of the MOS transistors (12) and (13) with n-type channels, the resistances of the channels of the MOS transistors (12) and (13) change according to the law of the modulating voltage, therefore the equivalent resistance R _{equiv 1} and R _{equiv 2 of the} first U-shaped RC filter and the second U-shaped RC filter, respectively, this leads to a change in the delay time t _{ass 1 of the} passage of the signal from the output of the first logic element 2 OR NOT (2) to the second input the second logical element 2 OR NOT (3) and the delay time t _{ass 2 the} passage of the signal from the output of the second logical element 2 OR NOT (3) to the second input of the first logical element 2 OR NOT (2), respectively. As a result, the generated pulse sequence is modulated in frequency. Frequency modulation of rectangular pulses is carried out by changing the resistance of the channels of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors with n-type channels under the action of the output voltage of the modulating voltage generator (14) to the gates of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors.

Variation of the values of the parameters of the elements of the first and second signal delay circuits under the influence of modulating voltage allows you to change the frequency of generation of rectangular pulses.

The implementation of a utility model of a frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses based on 2 OR-NOT logic elements using MOS transistors with an n-type channel has been simulated (Fig. 4). An increase in the voltage amplitude at the output of the modulating signal generator (14) (Fig. 4) leads to a decrease in the resistance of n-type channels, as a result of which the resistance R _equiv = R _{equiv 1} = R _{equiv 2} decreases, therefore, the propagation time of the signals from the output of the first U-shaped RC filter to the second input of the second logic element 2 OR NOT (3) and from the output of the second U-shaped RC filter to the second input of the first logic element 2 OR NOT (2) decreases. This entails an increase in the frequency of the generated rectangular pulses. A decrease in the voltage amplitude at the output of the modulating signal generator (14) (Fig. 4) ultimately leads to a decrease in the frequency of the generated pulse sequence due to an increase in the resistance of the channels of MOS transistors, leading to an increase in the equivalent resistance R _equiv = R _{equiv 1} = R _{equiv 2} . The timing diagram of the frequency-modulated rectangular pulses generated on the 2OR-NOT logic elements when using MOSFETs with an n-type channel is shown in FIG. 5.

The first (12) and second (13) MOSFETs with n-type channels can be replaced by the first (12) and second (13) MOSFETs with p-type channels, respectively, to ensure the active operation of MOSFETs with p channels the substrate type of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors with p-type channels must be connected to the positive terminal of the power source of the frequency-modulated rectangular pulse generator (Fig. 6). In this case, the frequency modulation of rectangular pulses is carried out by changing the resistance of the channels of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors under the action of the output voltage of the modulating voltage generator (14) to the gates of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors .

The implementation of a utility model of a frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses based on 2 OR-NOT logic elements using MOS transistors with P-type channels was simulated (Fig. 6). Given that the resistance of MOS transistors increases as the control voltage of the generator (14) increases, the frequency of the generated rectangular pulses decreases, and when the amplitude of the control voltage of the generator (14) decreases, the frequency of the generated pulses increases. The timing diagram of the frequency-modulated generated rectangular pulses when using MOS transistors with p-type channels is shown in FIG. 7.

The first (2) and second (3) logic elements of the 2OR-NOT generator of frequency-modulated rectangular pulses can be replaced with the first (2) and second (3) logic elements 2I-NOT, respectively. Functional diagram of a frequency-modulated rectangular pulse generator on 2I-NOT logic elements using MOS transistors with n-type channels is shown in FIG. 8. The timing diagram of the frequency-modulated generated rectangular pulses on the 2I-NOT logic elements when using MOS transistors with n-type channels is shown in FIG. 9. The mechanism for generating a frequency-modulated sequence of rectangular pulses is similar to the considered case of the generation of frequency-modulated rectangular pulses on 2 or NOT logic elements using MOSFETs with n-type channels in the generator.

The first (12) and second (13) MOSFETs with n-type channels in the 2I-NOT gates can be replaced with the first (12) and second (13) MOSFETs with p-type channels, respectively. To ensure the active mode of operation of MOS transistors with p-type channels, the substrates of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors must be connected to the positive output of the power source of a frequency-modulated rectangular pulse generator (Fig. 10). In this case, the frequency modulation of rectangular pulses is carried out by changing the resistance of the channels of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors under the action of the output voltage of the modulating voltage generator (14) to the gates of the first (12) and second (13) MOS transistors .

The implementation of a utility model of a frequency-modulated generator of rectangular pulses on 2I-NOT logic elements using MOS transistors with a p-type channel was simulated (Fig. 10). The timing diagram of the frequency-modulated rectangular pulses generated when using 2I-NOT MOS transistors with p-type channels in a logic generator is shown in FIG. 11. The mechanism for generating a frequency-modulated sequence of rectangular pulses generated by 2I-NOT logic elements is similar to the considered case of the generation of frequency-modulated rectangular pulses on 2ILI-NOT logic elements using p-type MOSFETs in the generator.

Thus, the claimed utility model of a generator of frequency-modulated rectangular pulses provides wider functionality built on the basis of an asynchronous RS-trigger of a rectangular pulse generator. The expansion of functionality consists in the implementation of frequency modulation of the generated pulse sequence. Implementation of frequency modulation of the generated sequence of rectangular pulses was possible due to the fact that the structure of the rectangular pulse generator (Fig. 1) was expanded by introducing a modulating voltage generator (7) and regulator (8) of the first (4) and second (5) generator delay circuits (Fig. 2). The specified controller (8) is built on MOS transistors, the channel resistance of which depends on the amplitude of the control voltage of the generator applied to the gates of the transistors (14). As a result, the time of the passage of signals through the delay circuit is regulated, which provides modulation in frequency of the generated sequence of rectangular pulses.

Literature

1. Patent RU 150841 U1 "Rectangular pulse generator". Shekhovtsov D.V., Mushta A.I., Salnikov D.N. Posted on 02/27/2015 Bull. Number 6

Claims (1)

The frequency-modulated square-wave generator contains an external control-square-wave generator, the first and second logic elements 2 OR NOT, the first and second signal delay circuits, a buffer logic element, and the buffer output is the output of a frequency-modulated square-wave generator, characterized in that the modulating voltage generator, as well as the controller of the first and second signal delay circuits, in the first and second signal delay circuits the first and second resistors with variable resistors introduced constant in magnitude first and second resistors respectively, introduced the first MOS transistor with an n-type channel, the second MOS transistor with an n-type channel, the potential output of the modulating voltage generator is connected to the gates of the first and second MOS -transistors with an n-type channel, the controller of the first and second signal delay circuits has two outputs, its first output is formed parallel to the first resistor of the first signal delay circuit the drain-source output circuit of the first MOSFET with an n-type channel, its second output is formed in parallel with the second resistor of the second signal delay circuit, the drain-source circuit of the second MOSFET with an n-type channel, the frequency modulation of the rectangular pulses is due to changes in the resistance of the channels of the first and second MOS transistors with an n-type channel under the action of the modulating voltage of the control signal generator to the gates of the first and second MOS transistors with n-t channels na.

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