RU164105U1 - CONTACTOR OPERATING ON DC AND AC - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A contactor operating on direct and alternating current and comprising: a contact part with two fixed contacts and one movable, at least one permanent magnet located near the contact part and designed to create a constant magnetic arc suppression field, and at least at least one coil located near the contact part and designed to create an electromagnetic arc suppression field for retracting the arc that occurs when the contact part opens, at least one arcing chamber, characterized by m, that at least one permanent magnet disposed above the fixed contact each contact piece and the arc chute symmetrically divided longitudinally into two identical sections peregorodkoy.2. The contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnets are mounted above the fixed contacts with alternating polarity. 3. The contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that arcing horns are placed near each contact part, and the corresponding coil is electrically connected to the corresponding fixed contact and the corresponding arcing horn. 4. The contactor according to claim 3, characterized in that above the fixed contacts, the above-mentioned arcing chamber is installed, divided into two sections by a partition and a middle horn isolated from the fixed contacts.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to a contactor operating on direct and alternating current, and is used in equipment for frequent switching of power electric circuits, in particular when controlling electric motors. The contactor is designed for switching power circuits with high currents at high voltages, and significant inductive loads.

A contactor is known, see German patent DE 29823717 U1, in which a permanent magnet is used together with an inductor to create an arcing field. The contactor comprises a fixed contact connected to the first supply wire and a movable contact connected to the second supply wire through the bus. Near the contact part there is a permanent magnet and an arcing coil, which is connected to the same supply wire as the movable contact. When opened, the movable contact moves to the catching pad, which is electrically connected to the coil. The arc arising upon opening is drawn in by the arc suppression field created by the permanent magnet in the direction of the catching block and jumps onto it. Since the capture pad is electrically connected to the coil, the coil is energized. Then it creates an electromagnetic arc suppression field, through which the arc is drawn into the arc chamber.

The disadvantage of this solution is the need for a movable contact to communicate with the supply wire through a flexible bus, as well as a long disconnect stroke of the movable contact. In addition, the catch block has a complex geometry and must surround the movable contact from at least two opposite sides.

The closest technical solution is a contactor operating on direct and alternating current, described in patent RU 2417475 from 04/27/2011. This electromagnetic contactor includes: an electromagnetic drive, an arcing chamber, a contact plate, a contact clamp and means for fixing the arcing chamber to an electromagnetic drive. In this case, the arcing chamber includes arcing horns, permanent magnets in combination with current arcing coils.

The disadvantage of this solution is the large size and, as a consequence, the weight of the contactor.

The proposed electromagnetic contactor is not polarized, does not have constant current arc coils with a massive metal core, and therefore can be used in direct and alternating current circuits.

The technical result is a reduction in the size and weight of the contactor.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the contactor operating on direct and alternating current comprises: a contact part with two fixed contacts and one movable, at least one permanent magnet located near the contact part and designed to create a constant magnetic arc suppression field, and at least one coil located near the contact part and designed to create an electromagnetic arc suppression field for retracting the arc that occurs when the contact part is opened and at least one an arc extinguishing chamber, characterized in that at least one permanent magnet is disposed on each fixed contact parts contact and arc chute symmetrically divided longitudinally into two identical sections septum.

In addition, permanent magnets are preferably installed over fixed contacts with alternating polarity.

Arcing horns are also placed near each contact part, and the corresponding coil is electrically connected to the corresponding fixed contact and the corresponding arcing horn. At the same time, above the stationary contacts, the above-mentioned arcing chamber is installed, divided into two sections by a partition and the middle horn isolated from the stationary contacts.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated in FIG. 1-3.

In FIG. 1 shows the internal structure of an arcing chamber.

In FIG. 2 shows a general view of the arcing chamber.

In FIG. 3 shows the movement of the arc along the chamber volume.

In FIG. 1 marked:

1, 2 - horns (located under the potential of fixed contacts);

3 - middle horn located in the 1st and 2nd sector of the arcing chamber;

4 - permanent magnet;

5 - arcing coil;

6 - arcing chamber;

7 - partition arcing chamber;

8 - cover of the interrupter unit.

In FIG. 2 marked

9 - pole of a permanent magnet;

10 - pole of the arcing coil;

11 - chamber wall;

12 - cover of the interrupter unit.

The electromagnetic contactor consists of two fixed contacts and one movable bridge-type structure (they are not shown in the figures, since these are well-known contacts). So that the contactor does not have critical currents (the main drawback of existing switching devices), permanent magnets are used to divert the arc from the contact zone, permanent magnets with poles are installed above each fixed contact. The poles of the magnets overlap the contact area and part of the arcing horns pos. 1, 2 cm of FIG. one.

Permanent magnets pos. 4 of FIG. 1 are installed above the fixed contacts (not shown in the figures) with alternating polarity, thus, different polarities of the magnetic field are created above the opposite potentials of the fixed contacts. The magnetic field is perpendicular to the movement of the arc in the chamber.

The main feature of the interrupter chamber pos. 6 is its symmetrical division into two sections by a partition pos. 7 and the horn pos. 3 cm of FIG. 1. The horn allows you to split and move the arc into the first and second sections of the arcing chamber. In this case, the voltage arising on the arc is divided into two parts of the chamber.

When the main contacts of the bridge type are opened (not shown in the figures), two arcs arise on two air gaps, one of which, moving along a movable contact, passing through the horn pos. 1 or 2 is drawn into the space between these horns; see FIG. 1, 3, and the second arc, moving in the same direction, but only between the bridge and the fixed contact, goes out as soon as the first arc leaves the bridge and it in turn loses its electric potential. Arc accelerating through the horns of poses. 1, 2 of FIG. 1 touches the horn pos. 3, is divided into two parts included in the first and second section of the arcing chamber pos. 6, sections of the chamber are made in the form of a wide gap, while moving in this space the arc does not experience resistance in its path. At the exit from the sections, arcing blocks assembled from metal magnetic plates are installed. The division of the chamber into two symmetric sections allowed us to halve the dimensions of the arcing chamber, and, accordingly, the mass of the contactor.

The use of arcing blocks made of magnetic materials, firstly, made it possible to reduce the mass of current arcing coils, since it is not necessary to create strong magnetic fields in the chamber volume to move the arc and pull it into the arcing blocks; secondly, the overvoltage on the arc directly depends on the number of plates, which means that it is possible to create contactors with the required commutation parameters (overvoltage created by the contactor in the circuit being disconnected and the arc extinction time associated with it). Overvoltage is a very important parameter, since the durability of the insulation service of machines and devices disconnected from power depends on it.

At high currents (more than 200 A) and high voltages in the chamber, current arcing coils pos. 5 of FIG. 1 included briefly. They are used to create a more uniform magnetic field throughout the chamber. In FIG. 3 shows the movement of the arc in the chamber volume. Arc pos. 13 moving in the chamber under the influence of a magnetic field, is divided by the middle horn into 2 parts and enters into 2 sections of the camera. The 1st section includes the arc pos. 14 and moves on to pos. 15, 16 (the position of the arc pos. 14 at the following time instants) stretching along the horns, the arc pos. 2 enters the 2nd section. 17 and moves on to pos. 18, 19, as well as the arc in the first section. The arc in the 1st and 2nd sections is electrically connected by the middle horn pos. 3 of FIG. 1. The shape of the middle horn is crucial for the breaking capacity of the chamber and was determined empirically depending on the current load, as well as the width of the slit (chamber section), the area and shape of the arcing plate.

For the convenience of servicing the camera, the extinguishing units are divided into sectors, and for their quick replacement two removable covers are made pos. 12 FIG. 2.

Claims (4)

1. A contactor operating on direct and alternating current and comprising: a contact part with two fixed contacts and one movable, at least one permanent magnet located near the contact part and designed to create a constant magnetic arc suppression field, and at least at least one coil located near the contact part and designed to create an electromagnetic arc suppression field for retracting the arc that occurs when the contact part opens, at least one arcing chamber, characterized by m, that at least one permanent magnet disposed above the fixed contact each contact piece and the arc chute symmetrically divided longitudinally into two identical sections septum. 2. The contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnets are mounted above the fixed contacts with alternating polarity. 3. The contactor according to claim 1, characterized in that arcing horns are placed near each contact part, and the corresponding coil is electrically connected to the corresponding fixed contact and the corresponding arcing horn. 4. The contactor according to claim 3, characterized in that above the fixed contacts, the above-mentioned arcing chamber is installed, divided into two sections by a partition and a middle horn isolated from the fixed contacts.

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