RU163567U1 - CHIMNEY - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The chimney containing the lower and upper sections, at least one middle section and one ordinary middle section, the sections are interconnected, the lower section having an inlet pipe, the upper section having an outlet pipe, each section contains an inner metal round cross section a sectional view of a casing installed in a solid heat-insulating casing made of light material, which is located in a casing having a preferably rectangular cross-section in cross-section, each between heat-insulating casing of the first section and the casing are formed air channels located in the corner zones of the casing, the latter is formed by panels connected along the perimeter of the pipe, characterized in that each section of the pipe is equipped with lodgements and an external shell interacting with them, in which the heat-insulating shell is located, and the lodgements are located in the air channels in the corner zones of the casing. 2. A chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that each lodgement is made of a non-combustible heat-insulating material. 3. A chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that each lodgement is sandwiched between the surface of the outer shell 7 of the chimney and the inner surfaces of the panels so that in this position there is a fixed connection between the outer shell and the inner surface.

Description

This technical solution relates to the construction, in particular, to the designs of prefabricated chimneys made of separate sections. It is characterized by the modular design of the chimney, which has many interchangeable individual middle sections, the lower receiving section and the upper output section. Elements included in each middle section of the pipe are also interchangeable.

Chimneys are known from foreign patent documentation containing lower and upper sections interconnected, middle sections, each section containing an inner steel shell installed in a heat-insulating shell, on the outside of which there is a rectangular box made of separate interconnected panels (FR 2604204 A1, 12.25.1988. FR 2617526 A1, 06/01/1989. US 4616457, 10/14/1986. WO 2009/015463 A1, 02/05/2009. US 4731967, 03/22/1988). In US Pat. No. 4,731,967, panels are interconnected by screws.

From the Russian patent documentation, the module (variants) of the chimney is known, made on the principle of “pipe in pipe” and assembled (stacked) according to the bell-shaped scheme. The module contains an external metal barrel and an internal metal gas outlet pipe, the gap between which is filled with heat-insulating material, at least two gaskets that tightly close the specified gap above and below, and a support device located below the module, while the heat-insulating material is not expandable when heated, the outer side the surface of the gaskets has the shape of the inner surface of the outer barrel, the inner side surface of the gaskets has the shape of the outer surface of the exhaust pipe, the height of the gaskets is 0.01-0.15 of the height of the exhaust pipe, the gaskets are made of solid heat-insulating material, the thermal conductivity of which is close to the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating material, the outer metal barrel is made in the form of a hollow part of variable cross-section, and the metal gas exhaust pipe is made in the form of a truncated cone, and they are installed narrowed parts in opposite directions and equipped with stops (RU 2495214 C2, 03/27/2013). The technical solution described in the patent has analogues RU 106640 U1, 07.20.2011. RU 91589 U1, 02.20.2010. RU 39353 U1, 07.27.2004. GB 2099972 A, 12.15.1982. DE 3413192 A1, 10.24.1985.

Known chimney for a furnace, mainly for heating bath rooms, containing a vertically oriented housing, preferably made of a material based on an alloy of iron with carbon, the lower inlet of which is connected to a source of hot gases, preferably of combustion products of the fuel in the furnace, the upper outlet - ambient atmosphere, and in the lower part of the pipe casing a shell with a bottom is installed, forming with the pipe casing a predominantly annular container for vaporizing liquid, mainly water, preferably with flavoring agents, and heat exchange material, preferably stones, in particular, the upper outlet of said container being closed by a lid, preferably in the form of a truncated cone, a gap being made between said lid and the pipe body, preferably annular, above the indicated container, in the immediate vicinity of it, coaxially with the pipe body, a cylindrical casing is installed, mainly a cylindrical casing, consisting of at least two shells, an inner and an outer installed coaxially with an annular radial clearance with respect to the pipe body and to each other, the annular radial clearances between the pipe body and the inner shell and between the inner and outer shells of the casing are connected to the inner cavity of the annular water tank through the said annular gap between the cap and the housing pipes, while the casing from the ends is closed by profiled perforated bottoms. EFFECT: increased heat transfer of fuel combustion products, increased furnace operating time at constant fuel consumption, the possibility of producing superheated steam with controlled temperature and humidity (RU 2490548 C2, 09/20/2012) with analogues: RU 2250417 C2, 04/20/2005. RU 2005263 C1, 12.30.1993. RU 47494 U1, 08.27.2005. EP 2107315 A2, 10/07/2009.

The known module of the chimney contains an external metal barrel, an internal metal gas outlet and heat-insulating material between them. Thermal insulation material from the ends is tightly closed with plugs. The plugs are made of heat-insulating hard material based on vermiculite. Rigid heat-insulating hard vermiculite (ITZHV) products were used as a hard heat-insulating material based on vermiculite. The volume between the outer barrel and the exhaust shaft is filled with expanded vermiculite or basalt wool. The inner metal exhaust barrel is made of stainless steel, and the outer metal barrel is made of stainless or galvanized steel (RU 106640 U1, 07.20.2011).

The known module of the chimney, contains a metal exhaust pipe and a screen made of metal, repeating the contour of the pipe and having a larger diameter compared to the exhaust pipe. The gas outlet barrel is rigidly coaxially connected to the screen using clamps, the screen is perforated or made of metal mesh. The gap between the metal exhaust shaft and the screen can be filled with a heat storage load. The gas outlet barrel and the screen are made of stainless steel (RU 91589 U1, 02.20.2010).

Known chimney pipe includes metal pipes from the outer and inner sides and a lining layer between them. As a lining layer, a mineral plate or pipe based on basalt fiber or a combination of basalt fiber and Supersil material is used, and the inner pipe is made of 0.6-1.0 mm thick stainless steel. Material of the Supersil type is applied with a thickness of 10.0-12.5 mm, and mineral plates or pipes with a thickness of 50-100 mm, which between the outer and inner pipes form a compressed layer 30-60 mm thick. The design of the chimney makes it possible to improve the performance of chimneys, namely the heat insulation resistance, safety in operation, simplification of installation and maintenance (RU 39353 U1, July 27, 2004).

Known chimney contains a gas outlet, equipped with a protective layer of heat-insulating material. The smokestack is made of blocks, each of which contains a body in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped made of polystyrene concrete with a central vertical hole, in which a ceramic pipe with a bell-socket in the upper part, forming a gas outlet trunk, and with side holes symmetrically located on the periphery is installed which during installation form through vertical channels filled with concrete mortar with the formation of a supporting core frame. Effect: simplification of the manufacturing process of the chimney for the removal of flue gases from heating furnaces (RU 2352743 C1, 04/20/2009) with analogues: RU 2045709 C1, 10.10.1995. FR 2265949 A1, 10.24.1975. US 4,616,457 A, 10/14/1986. DE 2521692 A1, 11/18/1976. DE 2440427 A1, 10/07/1976. FR 2339721 A1, 08/26/1977. US 5934035 A, 08/10/1999. DE 2415281 A1, 09/10/1975.

Known gas exhaust chimney barrel, consisting of panels with outward facing docking side flanges, located annular belts along its height, made of composite material based on artificial reinforcing fibers and a polymer binder, and mechanical means for attaching these panels to each other, characterized in that its panels are made non-deformable curvilinear or flat, each panel is additionally equipped with docking end flanges facing perpendicular outwardly until closing with its docking lateral flanges, with the formation of a closed trough-like structure, and mechanical fasteners are placed in the holes of all its flanges, with each panel, if necessary, equipped with at least one stiffener located outside or inside between its butt end flanges, made in the form of a pultruded profile of composite material. The barrel is made cylindrical from non-deformable curvilinear panels, each of which is made in the form of a cylinder segment, while its docking lateral flanges are turned radially outward and the barrel is made in the form of a truncated cone of non-deformable curvilinear panels, each of which is made in the form of a segment of a truncated cone its docking lateral flanges are turned radially outward, or it is made in the form of a regular polyhedron of constant cross section from non-deformable flat panels of constant width, st forged lateral flanges of each of which are turned in the direction of the radius of the circle inscribed in the cross section of the polyhedron, or the barrel is made in the form of a regular polyhedron of variable cross section, mainly a truncated prism, of non-deformable flat panels of variable width, the connecting lateral flanges of each of which are turned in the direction of the radius of the circle inscribed in the cross section of the polyhedron, or the barrel is made in the form of a polyhedron with at least five faces, or it is made in the form of a pipe A constant section of non-deformable curvilinear panels, each of which is made in the form of an arch, and its connecting flanges are turned in the direction of the radius of the pipe passing through the point of contact with the adjacent arch. The trunk panels in adjacent belts are located strictly one above the other or offset relative to each other, or the panels are fastened to each other by a bolt connection through a gasket. Glass fiber, basalt, carbon or polymer fiber or a combination thereof was used as the artificial fiber of the panel composite material and the pultruded stiffener profile, and a binder based on polymer resins, mainly epoxy, polyester, vinyl ether, phenolic, polyurethane, or a combination thereof was used as a polymer binder . The polymer binder of said panel and / or profile contains up to 40 vol. % filler, which is used as chalk, dolomite, microcalcite, talc, kaolin, microspheres, beads, or a combination thereof. Polymer binder contains up to 40 vol. % flame retardant additives. The pultruded stiffener profile is solid or hollow. The cross section of the pultruded profile of the stiffener is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, round, annular, in the form of a sector of an oval, ellipse or circle. On each non-deformable flat panel of at least one annular belt, the pultruded stiffener profile is located diagonally. On adjacent panels of one annular belt, these profiles are located on diverging diagonals with the formation of profiles of all panels in a zigzag pattern. On each non-deformable flat panel of at least one annular belt, said profiles are arranged in pairs and diverge in rays from the extreme point of the panel on its vertical axis to its opposite angles. The said profile is externally covered by at least one layer of fabric, mat or canvas bonded to the panel with a binder. The panel and pultruded stiffener profile mounted on it are made of composite material based on the same artificial fibers and polymer binders. The panel and the pultruded profile of the stiffener mounted on it are made of composite material based on various artificial reinforcing fibers and / or various polymer binders. The pultruded stiffener profile has an outer and / or inner protective coating. The barrel is made with an external and / or internal paintwork. The barrel is made with an external and / or internal heat-insulating coating, mainly based on mineral, basalt or glass fiber, or a combination thereof or foams. The barrel is made with fireproof coating (RU 2007105859 A, 08.27.2008).

Known chimney containing an outer pipe and an internal composite metal exhaust pipe, sections of which are made with the possibility of entry and placement in each other according to the principle of "dolls" and suspended relative to each other and relative to the upper part of the external pipe, characterized in that the internal gas pipe contains at least one additional set of sections, while all sets are arranged sequentially along the height of the pipe, and for hanging the upper sections of additional sets on The morning surface of the outer pipe provides support elements. The sections are cylindrical. Adjacent sections partially overlap and are rigidly interconnected. Adjacent sections of adjacent sets in the overlapping zone are interconnected by means of a bolt connection and additionally contain lamellas bent towards the outer section, made in the form of a strip of metal tape with grooves for installation on the bolt rod under the nuts, while a sealant layer is applied between the outer section and the latch (RU 99103067 A, 11.27.2000).

Known chimney containing an outer shell and an internal metal gas outlet barrel, consisting of sections connected to each other, configured to enter each upper section into an adjacent underlying, while the outer diameter of the lower end of each section is larger than the inner diameter of the upper end of the underlying section, characterized in that all sections are made with the possibility of free entry and placement in each other, the lower end of each section is made expanded in the form of shoulders, and the upper end is narrower actual, and the entire trunk is suspended relative to the upper end of the outer shell (RU 96111433 A 03/10/1998).

A known chimney module containing a cylindrical metal exhaust pipe and a cylindrical screen made of metal grating, the diameter of the screen is larger than the diameter of the exhaust pipe, the screen and the exhaust pipe are installed coaxially by means of a first latch located in the region of the end face of the metal screen, characterized in that it further comprises a first shell, covering the outside of the cylinder of the metal grill and located opposite the first latch. The module further comprises a second shell surrounding the outside of the cylinder of the metal grill at the end of the cylindrical screen opposite the end on which the first shell is located. The first latch is made in the form of a stainless steel ring, the inner diameter of the ring is larger than the outer diameter of the gas outlet barrel, the outer diameter of the ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical screen of the metal grill. The gas outlet barrel, shell and screen are made of stainless steel. The screen of the metal grid is made of perforated sheet or in the form of a mesh of metal wire. The module additionally contains a second latch in the form of metal rods located between the second shell and the exhaust shaft. The metal bars of the second retainer have a rectangular cross-section (RU 129542 U1, 06.27.2013).

Another chimney module is known, comprising an outer and inner gas outlet pipes arranged coaxially to form an annular gap filled with heat-resistant material, characterized in that the internal gas outlet pipe is made of ceramic heat-resistant material with an inner diameter of 100 ÷ 250 mm and a wall thickness of 3 ÷ 12 mm the width of the gap between the outer and inner pipes is at least 30 mm. The outer pipe is made of stainless steel. The internal exhaust pipe is made of variable cross-section. As heat-insulating material used heat-resistant granular or fibrous material (RU 125608 U1, 03/10/2013).

A chimney module is also known, having a “pipe in pipe” design, comprising an external metal barrel and an internal metal exhaust pipe, the gap between which is filled with heat-insulating material, at least two gaskets tightly closing the specified gap above and below, and located below the module supporting device, characterized in that the insulating material is not expandable when heated, the outer side surface of the gaskets has the shape of the inner surface of the outer the barrel, the inner side surface of the gaskets has the shape of the outer surface of the exhaust pipe, the height of the gaskets is 0.01-0.15 of the height of the exhaust pipe, the gaskets are made of solid thermal insulation material, the thermal conductivity of which is close to the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material, the outer metal barrel is made in the form hollow parts of variable cross section, and the metal gas outlet pipe is made in the form of a truncated cone, moreover, they are installed with narrowed parts in ivopolozhnyh directions and are provided with stops (RU 113289 U1, 10.02.2011).

Known chimney pipe containing an external metal barrel, an internal metal exhaust pipe, which is made of stainless steel, and a heat-insulating material, characterized in that expanded perlite is used as the heat-insulating material. The butt seams of the inner pipe are made by butt welding in a protective gas argon atmosphere (RU 111180 U1, 12/10/2011).

A chimney module is also known, comprising an external metal barrel, an internal metal gas exhaust barrel and heat-insulating material between them, which is tightly closed with caps at the ends, characterized in that the caps are made of heat-insulating rigid material based on vermiculite. As a hard heat-insulating material based on vermiculite, heat-insulating hard vermiculite elements are used. The volume between the outer barrel and the exhaust shaft is filled with expanded vermiculite. The volume between the outer trunk and the exhaust shaft is filled with basalt wool. The internal metal vent is made of stainless steel. The outer metal barrel is made of stainless or galvanized steel (RU 106640 U1, 07.20.2011).

A known chimney module containing an external metal barrel, an internal metal exhaust pipe and heat-insulating material, characterized in that the module is tightly closed with plugs at both ends, and expanded vermiculite is used as heat-insulating material (RU 75412 U1, 08/10/2008).

A chimney is known, including a supporting barrel and metal exhaust pipes inside it, separated by an air gap, characterized in that the supporting barrel in the form of a metal pipe has a layer of heat-resistant non-combustible heat-insulating material adjacent to its inner surface, and the exhaust pipes are made of stainless steel sheet and fixed in the carrier barrel through heat-insulating elements. The bearing barrel contains transverse reinforcing elements located at some distance from each other, on which gas-removing trunks are attached through heat-insulating elements. The transverse reinforcing elements are made of channel. Gas exhaust trunks consist of several sections, the upper end of each of which is rigidly fixed to the corresponding transverse reinforcing element, and the lower end freely enters the upper end of the subsequent section, forming a continuous pipe, each section of which is able to move freely vertically under the action of thermal expansions. The bearing barrel is made in the form of an outer continuous metal pipe and an inner pipe of metal mesh, between which is a layer of heat-resistant non-combustible heat-insulating material. The heat-insulating material is a material based on basalt fiber in the form of mats (RU 60111 U1, 10.01.2007).

A chimney barrel is known, including the outer and inner shells, separated by an air gap, to which an atmospheric air supply device is attached, characterized in that the atmospheric air supply device is made in the form of openings in the outer shell equipped with check valves oriented to supply air to the gap. Between the outer and inner shells there is a concentric power shell with a heat-insulating layer, coupled with an air gap on one side and with an inner shell on the other side. The air gap contains a plate heater discretely located on the surface of the concentric power shell and bonded to it and the outer shell. The outer shell is made in the form of a protective casing, for example, metal. The outer shell is made of power, for example reinforced concrete (RU 55403 U1, 08/10/2006).

Known chimney containing a bearing barrel with a lining of the exhaust channel, characterized in that the bearing barrel has a three-layer wall structure, consisting of three attached to each other supporting trunks, of which the external structural and technological barrel is made of a set of joined cylindrical thin-walled shells, bonded to each other another, at least from the inside, by annular cylindrical couplings, walled up in the middle bearing trunk, the internal structural and technological trunk it is made up of a set of joined cylindrical thin-walled shells made of corrosion-resistant heat-resistant structural material, fastened to each other by cylindrical ring couplings from the outside, walled into the middle bearing barrel, and the middle bearing barrel is made of a non-combustible heat-resistant hard compressive material that can be processed into cast products at normal temperature (RU 2002114923 A, 02.27.2004).

Of the known chimneys, a chimney containing a lower section, an upper section, at least one middle section, and sections are interconnected, each section contains an inner metal round cross-sectional shell that is surrounded by a chimney close to that described in this description along the perimeter of a heat-resistant heat-insulating shell, while the chimney contains an outer casing having a rectangular cross-section, the casing is made of interconnected panels (RU 200211 4923 A, 02.27.2004).

This known design of the chimney does not fully meet the requirements of reliability, tightness and safety, while the design of the pipe determines such a mass of pipe sections that complicates the installation of the pipe, increases its complexity, the mass of pipe sections limits the ability to mount sections on the floors and walls of building structures. In the known pipe there are no means to prevent overheating of the pipe, which does not exclude its possible excessive heating after thermal breakdown of thermal insulation and burnout. This reduces the reliability of the pipe.

Of the known chimneys, the closest technical solution to the technical solution presented in this description is a chimney containing the lower and upper sections, at least one middle section and one ordinary middle section, the sections are interconnected, and the lower section has an inlet pipe, the upper section has an outlet pipe with an apron and fungus put on it, each section contains an inner metal round cross-sectional shell installed in a solid heat-insulating shell and light material, which is located in the casing, preferably having a rectangular cross section, with air channels between the heat-insulating shells of each section and the casing located in the corner zones of the casing, the latter being formed by panels connected around the perimeter of the pipe, each of which is made of silicate calcium., while the upper end of each panel has a rectangular stepped recess located on the inside of the casing, and the lower end of each panel has a rectangular a step recess located on the outside of the casing, these recesses are mirrored relative to each other and their sizes are selected with the possibility of tightly entering the recesses of the panels of one section into the recesses of the panels of the adjacent section when installing the pipe, the sides of the panels are interconnected by glue, and the ends of the panels one section connected to the ends of adjacent pipe sections, in the panels of the middle sections of the pipe made air outlets in communication with air channels located in the corner zones to Zhuhai pipe (RU 145 321 U1, 11.08.2014 - a prototype).

In the prototypes of the design of the chimney according to patent RU 145321 U1, a casing assembled from individual Silka panels was used in the production. Depending on the thickness of the panel, the weight of the chimney section was 12-18 kg. At the same time, single-loop stainless steel pipes forming the inner shell were used in the sections, and Rockwool cotton wool with the use of an organic binder was used in the manufacture of the thermally insulating shell. As operational tests of this chimney have shown, the large weight of individual sections of the casing led to inconvenience in the assembly of the chimney and to great labor costs during its installation, while the insufficient rigidity of the chimney design and the insufficient thermal resistance of the heat-insulating shell made using organic binders were established. Organic binder sections burned out during operation of the chimney. As a result, the chimney did not meet the increased requirements for its safety and reliability.

The technical result of the chimney is to increase its reliability and safety.

The technical result is obtained by a chimney containing the lower and upper sections of at least one middle section and one ordinary middle section, the sections are interconnected, the lower section has an inlet pipe, the upper section has an outlet pipe, each section contains an inner metal round a cross section of a shell installed in a solid heat-insulating shell of light material, which is located in a casing having a preferably rectangular shape in cross section, while between the insulating shells of each section and the casing are formed air channels located in the corner zones of the casing, the latter is formed by panels connected along the perimeter of the pipe, each pipe section is equipped with lodgements and an external shell interacting with them, in which the insulating shell is located, and the lodgements are located in the air channels in corner zones of the casing. Each lodgement is made of non-combustible heat-insulating material. Each lodgement is sandwiched between the surface of the outer shell 7 of the chimney and the inner surfaces of the panels so that in this position there is a fixed connection between the outer shell and the inner surface.

In FIG. 1 shows a middle row section of a chimney in a front view;

In FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one;

In FIG. 3 - middle ordinary section in a spatial image in a top view with a cut of the panels of the box along its axis;

In FIG. 4 - middle row section in the spatial image;

In FIG. 5 shows a middle section of a pipe in a front view in longitudinal section;

In FIG. 6 - the middle section of the pipe in a spatial image in a top view;

In FIG. 7 - the middle section in the spatial image with the cut panels of the box along its axis;

In FIG. 8 is a section BB in FIG. 5;

In FIG. 9 shows the lower support section of the pipe in a spatial image in a plan view;

In FIG. 10 - lower support section of the pipe in a spatial image in a bottom view;

In FIG. 11 - the lower section of the pipe in front view in longitudinal section;

In FIG. 12 is a section BB of FIG. eleven;

In FIG. 13 shows the upper section of the pipe in a spatial image in a plan view;

In FIG. 14 - the upper section of the pipe in front view in longitudinal section;

In FIG. 15 - the upper section of the pipe in a spatial image, the outer box is removed;

In FIG. 16 is a section GG in FIG. fourteen;

In FIG. 17 - chimney assembly with fungus (hanging version of the pipe);

In FIG. 18 - chimney assembly in a spatial image, the fungus is not shown;

In FIG. 19 - one of the options for the lower section with elements of its fastening to the ceiling of the house;

In FIG. 20 is a variant of the lower section with elements of its fastening to the overlapping of the house in longitudinal section;

In FIG. 21 is a view D in FIG. 19;

In FIG. 22 is a variant of the lower section with elements of its attachment to the floor of the house;

In FIG. 23 is a variant of the lower section with elements of its attachment to the floor of the house in longitudinal section;

In FIG. 24 is a section EE in FIG. 23;

In FIG. 25 - connection section of the furnace pipe to the floor section of the chimney in a spatial image;

In FIG. 26 - section connecting the furnace pipe to the floor section of the chimney in longitudinal section;

In FIG. 27 - section II in FIG. 26;

In FIG. 28 - chimney (section of the casing of the chimney);

In FIG. 29 - chimney assembly, front view;

In FIG. 30 - chimney assembly in a spatial image.

The chimney (Fig. 17) contains a lower support section 1, an upper section 2, at least one ordinary middle section 3 and at least one middle section 4. The sections are mounted one on top of the other so that the pipe is directed upwards has the previous and subsequent sections that are docked and hermetically connected to each other.

Each section contains an inner metal shell 5, round in cross section (Fig. 1), made mainly of stainless steel, and a round heat-insulating shell 6, round in cross section, that encompasses metal shell 5. The heat-insulating shell 6 is made of solid, light heat-resistant material, while the shell 5 is installed in the shell 6 without gaps between them, and the shell 6 is installed in the outer tubular metal shell 7.

Each section has a casing having a preferably rectangular shape in cross section, wherein the casing is formed by panels 8 connected around the perimeter of the pipe, each of which is made of calcium silicate. Each panel 8 has an inner surface 9 in contact with the outer outer shell 7 of the pipe.

The upper end of each panel (Fig. 3) has a rectangular stepped recess 10 ("quarter"). A recess 10 is located on the inside of the casing. The bottom end 11 (Fig. 15) of each panel also has a rectangular stepped recess 10 ("quarter") located on the outside of the casing. The recesses 10 are mirrored with respect to each other and their dimensions are selected so that the recesses of the panels of one quarter section of this panel fit tightly into the recesses of the panels of the adjacent quarter section of the adjacent section when they are connected. Each panel 8 has sides (Fig. 13), which are connected by glue or self-tapping screws to the sides of adjacent panels. Glue connected the ends 11 of each panel 8 of one section of the chimney with the ends of adjacent panels 8 of other sections of the chimney. Between the inner surfaces of the panels 8 and the surface of the heat-insulating shell 6 are installed lodges 12, in contact with the inner surfaces of the panels 8 of the heat-insulating shell in a preloaded state. Each pair of adjacent sections made of shells 5-7 is interconnected by covering the end of one section with the end of the other section and at the points of their connection the ends of adjacent sections are pulled together with steel clamps 13 (Fig. 7).

Between the inner surface 9 of the casing (Fig. 3) and the outer surface of the outer shell 7 of the pipe are formed interconnected air ventilated channels 14. These channels are designed to cool the heat-insulating shell 6 and the outer shell 7 from the outside. The channels 14 are in communication with the air intake pipe 15 (Fig. 7) located in the lower part of the pipe. In the panels of the sections of the pipe made air outlet 16 (Fig. 13) for the exit of heated air to the outside.

The lower section 1 of the pipe has an inlet pipe 17 (Fig. 10), the upper section 2 of the pipe has an outlet pipe 18 (Fig. 13) with an apron 19 on it. The chimney has an external duct 20 installed on the roof of the house. The lower section 1 and the upper section 2 (Fig. 17) have covers 21 and 22, respectively, while the lower section has brackets 23 for attaching the pipe to the wall of the building. There can be several brackets, depending on the height of the pipe and its configuration. In cases where the pipe has a large height or complex configuration, other sections of the pipe are equipped with brackets 23.

The upper section of the chimney has a metal frame 24 of the outer casing (Fig. 17) for attaching the pipe to the roof. To install the chimney on the floor of the house, the chimney has a support 25 mounted on the lower section of the chimney (Fig. 22). To connect to the pipe of the stove or fireplace (not shown), which is located at an inclined angle to the axis of the chimney, there is an inclined pipe 26 (Fig. 25), which is part of the design of the additional lower section 27 of the chimney. To connect to the pipe of the stove or fireplace (not shown), which is located at right angles to the axis of the chimney, there is a pipe 28 (Fig. 22), which is part of the design of another additional lower section 29 of the chimney. For the passage of the chimney through the combustible floor, additional silicate slabs 30 (Fig. 19) are used as additional thermal insulation. The plates 30 enclose the panels 8 and are hermetically connected to them.

In the inoperative position of the chimney sections, the nozzles 26 and 28 are closed by plugs 31 (FIGS. 22 and 25), and the cleaning nozzle 32 (FIG. 22) located at the bottom of the lower section of the chimney is also closed by a plug 31. The chimney is closed by an umbrella 33 (Fig. 29), which covers the outlet end of the chimney from precipitation.

Thus, in case of connecting the stove or fireplace pipe to the chimney at right or oblique angles, additional sections 27 or 29 (Fig. 22, 25) are used, which are located under the lower section 1 and are connected to it (with the floor version of the chimney). Position 34 (Fig. 17) shows the ventilation grill, which closes the air intake pipe 15.

All sections of the chimney at their junctions along the height of the chimney are pulled together with steel clamps 35 (Fig. 17), opposite which are the lodgment 12 (Fig. 3, 22) so that the lodgment is sandwiched between the surface of the outer shell 7 of the chimney and the inner surfaces 9 panels 8. This provides a rigid connection between the outer shell 7 and the panels 8 when compressing the junction sections of the clamps 35, each of which is equipped with ties (not shown). In this case, the lodgements exclude damage to these surfaces due to the design of the lodgements, their location on the opposite four sides of the outer shell 7 and due to the choice of heat-resistant material from which these lodgements are made. Each clamp 35 has a rectangular top view, it is made of a strip of stainless steel.

To fix the casing of the lower section relative to the cover 21 (Fig. 17, 18), the chimney has insertion clips 36 made of silicate material. The latching inserts 36 are located on the lid 21 of the chimney and are mounted on it. The panels 8 of each section of the casing are additionally connected by self-tapping screws vertically so that between the screws along the pipe height a step of 100-150 mm is formed (the connection points of the panels are not shown with self-tapping screws). All metal elements of the chimney are made of stainless steel. The interconnected sections of the casing form a shaft in which the shells 5-7 of the chimney are located.

This chimney is designed to be used mainly when installing a lightweight chimney above a fireplace or solid fuel boiler, if necessary, remove heat from the chimney to the atmosphere, as well as the need to install a chimney inside the house with the possibility of finishing the chimney with decorative materials. The design provides that the inner shell 5 of each pipe section, depending on the version of the heat-generating apparatus used, is made of steel grades A310, A309, A316 and 444 with a sheet thickness of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and the outer shell 7 of the chimney is made in A304 or 444 steel with a sheet thickness of 0.5 mm.

As a heater between two pipe shells 5 and 7, a hard shell 6 of basalt wool with a temperature of application up to 1000 ° C is used, provided that organic binders are not used in the wool. When connecting the panels 8, heat-resistant adhesive is used to glue the panels at their joints.

As a result, in a static version, this arrangement provides a rigid construction of the chimney, the use of a heat-insulating shell without a binder and the elimination of its burnout, simplification and reduction of the complexity of assembly without special tools, simplification of assembly and delivery of components of the chimney to the object. In this case, in one embodiment, the chimney is suspended on a load-bearing wall or on the ceiling of the house directly above the fireplace (hanging option), and in the case the chimney is installed next to the fireplace (floor version).

Installation of the chimney is as follows. Before assembling the pipe, holes are made in the overlap and in the roof structure. When passing through wooden floors and through the roof structure, the size of the hatch for the passage of the chimney is increased by 60-80 mm on each side (depending on the thickness of the panels used for the outer shell). The space between the chimney and the wooden building elements framing it is additionally insulated with 40-60 mm thick calcium silicate panels, provided that the distance from the outer surface of the shell 7 should not be less than 130 mm. Pipe installation is carried out starting from the installation of the lower section. Depending on the type of chimney, the lower section can be mounted on consoles 25 (Fig. 22) above the fireplaces or suspended on the ceiling, or it can be installed on a supporting platform next to the fireplace. The chimney is collected in the design position from separate sections in the following sequence. Three panels 8 of the lower section (Fig. 12) of the chimney casing are installed on the installation site, and then panels 8 of the subsequent section 4 are installed on them, after which the sections are connected with glue and self-tapping screws. The shells 5-7 are installed in the tier, are interconnected by clamps 13 (Fig. 5). After that, the fourth casing panels are installed, which are connected with glue and self-tapping screws to the three previous casing panels 8. Next, uniformly around the perimeter of the pipe, a lodgement 12 is tightened (Fig. 9) between the inner surface 9 of the panels 8 of the casing and the outer surface of the outer shell 7, after which the process of building up the shells 5-7 and the panels 8 of the casing is repeated.

It is envisaged that in one of the options, after the installation of the chimney at the junction of its sections, outside the chimney, clamps 35 are installed on its casing, the ends of which are drawn together (not shown) with ties together until they are compressed with a predetermined force of the tool holders 12, pinched between the inner surfaces 9 of the panels 8 and the outer surfaces of the shells 7. In this case, the pipe acquires the necessary rigidity for safety, and the panels 8 are attracted to each other, which ensures the specified tightness of the joints. In another design, the clamps 35 are not mounted to the casing.

After the operations, the chimney casing is attached to the metal frame 24, which is pre-assembled in the design position with the help of bolts, two frames and connecting elements made of profile steel pipes. The metal frame 24 is pre-mounted to the roof supporting structures, it is installed between the casing and the design of the chimney of the heat source. Depending on the type of house in which the chimney is installed, appropriate versions of the upper section of the chimney are used. Since the construction of the chimney is ventilated, holes are made in the ordinary section above the fireplace connection, into which ventilation grilles are installed, and holes are made in the upper section of the chimney in the casing for the release of warm air into the atmosphere. Corresponding openings should also be made in the casing on the roof.

It was found that during the operation of the chimney to remove smoke from a fireplace, stove or boiler, which uses high-quality fuel, the inner surface of the shell 5 of the chimney made of polished stainless steel is practically not contaminated by combustion products and its cleaning is not required. However, when using low-quality fuel from the surface of the shell 5, it is necessary to periodically remove contamination. For cleaning, the chimney is cleaned through the furnace and through the cleaning pipe 32 (Fig. 22).

The chimney works as follows. When burning fuel, smoke enters through the inlet pipe 17 (Fig. 17) of the lower section of the pipe into the smoke channel formed by the shells 5-7. Smoke rises due to air draft in the smoke channel and exits through the outlet pipe 18 of the upper section of the pipe (Fig. 13). In this case, the smoke channel and its shells 5 are heated, heat from the shells 5 is transferred to the heat-insulating shell 6, is retained by it for the most part, and the remaining part of the heat is transferred to the outer shell 6 of the pipe. After the passage of heat through the insulating shell 6 and the outer shell 7, the heat is transferred to the air channels 14 (Fig. 3), and goes out through the air outlet openings 16 connected to the channels 14 (Fig. 13). An air draft is formed in the channels 14, which takes the air heated in the channels 14 out and cools the shells 5-7 from overheating. In this case, cold air enters the channels 14 through the air intake pipe 15 (Fig. 5) and essentially the ventilation of the cavity of the channels 14. Such ventilation of the channels prevents heating of the casing above the permissible temperature.

When the chimney is working, it heats up and the shells 5-7 expand. In this case, the pipe experiences its own and external vibrations, from which bending loads appear on the pipe. Since each section of the shells 5-7 due to friction is connected to the casing of the chimney through the lodgement 12, these vibrations are transmitted to the lodgement 12, which transfer loads on the panel 8 of the casing and the clamps 35 (Fig. 18). The latter, due to their flexibility, transmit the indicated vibrations and displacements of the pipe elements to the pipe casing in the longitudinal and transverse directions, which reduces stress concentration and increases the resistance of the chimney, its reliability and safety.

Claims (3)

1. The chimney containing the lower and upper sections, at least one middle section and one ordinary middle section, the sections are interconnected, the lower section having an inlet pipe, the upper section having an outlet pipe, each section contains an inner metal round cross section a sectional view of a casing installed in a solid heat-insulating casing made of light material, which is located in a casing having a preferably rectangular cross-section in cross-section, each between heat-insulating casing of the first section and the casing are formed air channels located in the corner zones of the casing, the latter is formed by panels connected along the perimeter of the pipe, characterized in that each section of the pipe is equipped with lodgements and an external shell interacting with them, in which the heat-insulating shell is located, and the lodgements are located in the air channels in the corner zones of the casing. 2. A chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that each lodgement is made of a non-combustible heat-insulating material. 3. The chimney according to claim 1, characterized in that each lodgement is sandwiched between the surface of the outer shell 7 of the chimney and the inner surfaces of the panels so that in this position there is a fixed connection between the outer shell and the inner surface.

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