RU163266U1 - SINGLE-RESONATOR GYROSCOPE-MAGNETRON - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A single resonator gyroscope magnetron containing a sensing element in the form of a magnetron magnetron, which is a sealed closed cavity with an electrode for information output, a resonant anode and a cold cathode, a filament emitting cathode controlling the conical anode of the electron gun; the magnetron’s magnetic system, sources of supply voltage, and the sensitive element is strengthened by means of an arm and adjustable supports so that the axis of the cold cathode and resonator anode, which is the measuring one, is parallel to the magnetic induction vector of the magnetic field source, coincides with the direction of injection of the electron gun, perpendicular to the plane of the annular anode system, characterized in that instead of the second magnetron, a highly stable time meter, an information output electrode and the magnetron and the output of a highly stable time meter are connected to the corresponding inputs of a phase comparator, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of a microprocessor, configured to determine, by comparison algorithms, the increment of the magnetron frequency with respect to the frequency of the reference generator proportional to the measured angular velocity, as well as the phase increment from the frequency increment , which is the output signal proportional to the increment of the integral from the indicated angular velocity. 2. A single resonator gyroscope magnetron according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase calibrator is configured to determine the eigenfrequency of the magnetron generation. A single resonator gyroscope magnetron according to claim 1, characterized in that it is highly stable

Description

The utility model relates to the field of instrumentation and is intended both for use in orientation systems and navigation of ships, aircraft and other moving objects, and in laboratory and other stationary conditions for measuring angular velocities and the integrals of them simulators, rotary tables and other devices.

Known resonant gyroscope microwave range [US Pat. at the PM of the Russian Federation No. 116999, 2012, authors Melnikov L.A. et al.], which consists of two mitrons, each of which consists of resonators installed in a vacuum cavity in the form of a cold cathode and a resonant anode concentric to it with pins and hollows, as well as an electron gun containing a filament, a heated cathode and a conical anode, the mitron also includes a constant magnetic field source and an information output electrode, and the axis of symmetry of the mitrons, which is measured by the absolute angular velocity of the object, is parallel flax axis of the magnetic induction of the DC magnetic field such that the measurement Mitronov axis directed anti-parallel. In this case, two mitrons are placed inside a single evacuated cavity on a single mounting surface of the device body coplanarly, each resonant anode consists of small and large sectors, while the large sector of the cold cathode of the first mitron is incomplete circular, the second is incomplete circular, while the first one is covered the corresponding large sector of the resonant anode around the circumference, and the second around the circumference of the second large sector of the resonant anode to the central zone, where opposite each other the small sectors of the cold cathode and the resonant anode are placed, containing several pins and troughs in length, the combined resonant anodes formed, consisting of small and large corresponding sectors of the first and second mitron anodes, contain even identical numbers of pins and troughs located with the same angular pitch .

However, since there are two resonators, their full identity cannot be ensured, and an error occurs.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a ring resonant gyroscope of the microwave range [Pat RF №2207511, class. G01C 19/64, published 06/27/2003, author P.K. Plotnikov], containing two sensing elements, which are used as a mitron (ie, a magnetron adjustable by voltage), a resonator, a source of constant magnetic field, a device for acquiring output information, sources of supply voltage, an arm, adjustable supports for attaching to an arm of sensitive elements and two precision variable resistors. One of the sensitive elements is mounted on the bracket so that the axis of the cold cathode and the anodic system of the mitron, which is the measuring one, is parallel to the magnetic induction vector of the magnetic field source, coincides with the direction of injection of the electron gun, perpendicular to the plane of the ring anode system included in the resonator. The second mitron is mounted on the bracket in an inverted position of 180 degrees relative to the first mitron. A precision variable resistor is connected between the positive terminal of the anode voltage source and the anode of each mitron.

The disadvantage of this device is the low accuracy of the measurement, caused by the non-identical parameters of the two magnetrons, adjustable voltage.

The objective of this utility model is to significantly reduce these shortcomings, i.e. improving measurement accuracy.

The technical result is the use of only one magnetron, instead of the second a stable frequency generator (timer) and a device for determining the frequency difference between the output signals of the magnetron and the generator are introduced into the device. Due to the possibility of using a highly stable timer, which is ensured by the development of science and technology in the field of determining time devices, it is possible to sharply increase the accuracy of the proposed device with respect to the prototype.

The problem is solved in that in a single-cavity gyroscope magnetron containing a sensing element in the form of a magnetron-mitron, which is a sealed closed cavity with an electrode for information output, a resonant anode and a cold cathode, an incandescent emitting cathode controlling the conical anode of the electron gun ; the magnetron’s magnetic system, sources of supply voltage, and the sensitive element is strengthened by means of an arm and adjustable supports so that the axis of the cold cathode and resonator anode, which is the measuring one, is parallel to the magnetic induction vector of the magnetic field source, coincides with the direction of injection of the electron gun, perpendicular to the plane of the annular anode system, according to the claimed technical solution, instead of the second magnetron, a highly stable time meter, ele the magnetron information output cable and the output of a highly stable time meter are connected to the corresponding inputs of a phase comparator, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of a microprocessor configured to determine, by comparison algorithms, the increment of the magnetron frequency with respect to the frequency of the reference generator proportional to the measured angular velocity, as well as the phase increment from frequency increments, which is the output signal proportional to the integral increment from the specified angular velocity.

In FIG. 1 shows a functional electrical diagram of a single resonator gyroscope magnetron.

Accepted designations: 1 - magnetron (mitron) case connected to the body of a moving object (ON); 2 - ultra-high-stability generator of the reference (reference) frequency (timer); 3 - phase comparator; 4 - on-board microprocessor device, 5 - sealed vacuum-tight magnetron; 6 - resonant anode; 7 - control conical anode of the electron gun; 8 - glow emitting cathode, 9 - cold cathode of the magnetron; 10 - electrode output information, made, for example, in the form of a loop or coaxial-stripe transition; 11 - magnetron housing connected to the software housing; 12 - magnetron system of a magnetron; 13 - anode circuit resistor; 14 - phase calibrator.

A single-resonator magnetron gyroscope contains a sensitive element in the form of a magnetron-mitron 5, which is a sealed closed cavity with a resonant anode 6 located in its housing 1, an electrode for outputting information 10, a cold cathode 9, an incandescent emitting cathode 8, which controls the conical anode of the electron gun 7. In addition, a single-cavity magnetron gyroscope contains a magnetron magnet system 12, sources of supply voltage, and the sensing element is strengthened by a bracket and adjustable supports so that the axis of the cold cathode 9 and the resonant anode 6, which is the measuring one, is parallel to the magnetic induction vector of the magnetic field source, coincides with the direction of injection of the electron gun, perpendicular to the plane of placement of the annular anode system. Instead of a second magnetron, a highly stable time meter in the form of an ultrahigh-frequency generator of a reference frequency 2 was introduced into the composition, a phase calibrator 14 is configured to determine the natural frequency of the magnetron generation, with a stationary object equal to the reference frequency of the generator. The information output electrode 10 and the output of the highly stable time meter are connected to the corresponding inputs of the phase comparator 3 connected by two-way communication channels to the on-board MPU 4, the output of which is connected to the phase calibrator 14.

Magnetron 5 can be made both in the form of a classical low-power device, and in the form of a mitron [I. Lebedev Microwave equipment and devices. Volume2-M.: "Higher School" - 376 s]. The design of the attachment of the mitron, which can be applied to one magnetron, is described in the patent No. 2207511 of the prototype. The electrical circuit enclosed in the housing 1 of FIG. 1 is the same for both the magnetron and the mitron.

Phase calibrator 3 is also a phase detector, for example, of the type described above.

A highly stable time meter in the form of an ultra-stable reference frequency generator 2 can be made in the form of a “hydrogen frequency and time standard 41-95”, in the case of using the device for a ship, submarine, large aircraft and other large vehicles [http: // www. kvarz.com/general/ch1-76a.html]. The frequencies of the output sinusoidal signals of the crystal oscillator: 5, 10 and 100 MHz are tuned by the radiation signal of a quantum hydrogen generator (CVG) with a frequency of 1420, 405 MHz. Relative instability (error) of frequency: 5 · 10 ^-16 per day and 1.5 · 10 ^-13 for 1 s.

For small-sized software and, accordingly, for mini-size devices, you can use the small-sized rubidium frequency standard 41-1012, which is used in GLONASS / GPS receivers as a clock generator. Weight 0.65 kg, dimensions 102 × 76 × 51.5 mm. The standard deviation of the frequency is 3 · ^10-11 for 1 s ( ^10-11 for 10 s) from the nominal 5 MHz. There are other frequency devices, including foreign ones. For example, the atomic clock Quantum, SA4SS, Microsemi Corporation, with a volume of 17 cm ³ provides, according to Allan’s deviation, a relative frequency instability of ≤2.5 · ^10-11 [http: //www.joomla3-templates.html].

A large number of microprocessors are produced. So, IntelXenonL3403 microprocessors are characterized by a clock frequency of 2 GHz, a bit capacity of 64 bit and other parameters that ensure the operation of the device according to this utility model. Microcontrollers, for example, Texas Instrument CC2640 with a clock frequency of 2.4 GHz and a resolution of 32 bit, can also be used. It also includes two comparators.

Manufactured by industry and comparator assemblies. For example, the domestic microcircuit of a digital phase generator 5861 DF2U is designed to measure the phase mismatch between two harmonic signals. It contains two frequency dividers and a phase comparator, a mismatch signal generator. There are also foreign comparators.

Consider the operation of a single resonator gyroscope magnetron.

Phase calibrator 3 is turned on when the object is stationary and the inherent nominal frequencies of the magnetron generation are determined.

и генератора 2

номинальную (при ω=0) частоту магнетрона. В итоге частоты выходных сигналов магнетрона и генератора становятся одинаковыми.After connecting the power, the device 8 is ready for operation. The device is calibrated by installing a magnetron 5, for example, with the sensitivity axis along the East-West line in the horizon plane. Determined by the output signals of the magnetron 5

and generator 2

nominal (at ω = 0) magnetron frequency. As a result, the frequencies of the output signals of the magnetron and the generator become the same.

After that, for example, using a rotary table, the measuring axis of the device is directed to the North in the horizon plane, i.e. along the northern component of the angular velocity of the Earth’s rotation and after processing the signals in microprocessor 4, determine the scale factor of the device K.

Under conditions of movement, when a measured angular velocity appears with software around the measuring axis of the device, the magnetron frequency changes and becomes equal to:

The magnetron frequency ν ₀ is determined, for example, from the book [V. Shevchik Electronic devices of superhigh frequencies. - Saratov, Sarat Publishing House. University, 1980. - 416 p.]

At the output of the microprocessor observe the frequency difference ν ₀ -ν,

where ν ₀ is the frequency of the generator. They have [RF Patent No. 116999]:

Where

r is the average radius of the circle in the gap between the resonator anode and cathode;

λ is the wavelength of the magnetron in free space;

K _s - coefficient of deceleration [Lebedev I.A. Microwave equipment and devices. Volume2-M.: "Higher School" - 376 s],

n is an integer characterizing the phase shift of electromagnetic waves in adjacent resonators (the main phase shift is 180 °);

p is the number of spatial harmonics, the sign at p characterizes the direction of traveling waves;

c is the speed of light; N is the number of resonators;

L, s is the perimeter and the area of the average in the gap of the circle (L = 2πr; s = πr ² );

ω is the measured angular velocity of the software.

From (2) represent the expression for the scale factor of the device:

The following formula is valid, similar to formula (4)

To obtain integral information, integrate (4):

where φ ₀ , φ are the initial and current phases of the signal from the integral of the angular velocity.

The phase increment is measured through increments Δτ of time. set by generator 2 in microprocessor 4:

Consider an example.

A single resonator gyroscope magnetron has been developed with the following parameters:

R = 3.82 cm

N = 4;

n is 2;

λ = 2 cm;

p = 1.

Means

Δν = 3.82ω rad / s

Δφ = 3.82ω (tt ₀ ) rad.

Comparing the scale factor (3) with the similar coefficient of the two-resonator gyroscope PM No. 116999, we found that in this case it is 2 times smaller. But at the same time, the measurement error of the device can be reduced by 10 ⁴ ... 10 ⁵ times in relation to the prototype, depending on the accuracy of the device of the reference generator.

Information sources

1 Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2 207511, cl. G01C 19/64, published 06/27/2003, author P.K. Carpenters.

2 Pat. at the PM of the Russian Federation No. 116999, 2012, authors Melnikov L.A. et al.

3 Lebedev I.A. Microwave equipment and devices. Volume 2-M .: Higher School - 376 p.

4 http://www.kvarz.com/general/ch1-76a.html

5 http: //www.joomla3-templates.html

6 Shevchik B.H. Electronic devices of superhigh frequencies. - Saratov, Sarat Publishing House. University, 1980 .-- 416 p.

Claims (3)

1. A single resonator gyroscope magnetron containing a sensing element in the form of a magnetron magnetron, which is a sealed closed cavity with an electrode for information output, a resonant anode and a cold cathode, a filament emitting cathode controlling the conical anode of the electron gun; the magnetron’s magnetic system, sources of supply voltage, and the sensitive element is strengthened by means of an arm and adjustable supports so that the axis of the cold cathode and resonator anode, which is the measuring one, is parallel to the magnetic induction vector of the magnetic field source, coincides with the direction of injection of the electron gun, perpendicular to the plane of the annular anode system, characterized in that instead of the second magnetron, a highly stable time meter, an information output electrode and a magnetron, and the output of a highly stable time meter is connected to the corresponding inputs of a phase comparator, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of a microprocessor configured to determine, by comparison algorithms, the increment of the magnetron frequency with respect to the frequency of the reference generator proportional to the measured angular velocity, as well as the phase increment from the frequency increment , which is the output signal proportional to the increment of the integral from the specified angular velocity. 2. The single resonator gyroscope magnetron according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase calibrator is configured to determine the eigenfrequency of the magnetron generation. 3. The single resonator gyroscope magnetron according to claim 1, characterized in that the highly stable time meter is made in the form of a microwave frequency generator of a reference frequency.

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