RU16298U1 - CAMERA OF A PULSING ENGINE OF DETONATION COMBUSTION - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The chamber of a pulsating detonation combustion engine, comprising a mixing chamber formed between the body and the supersonic nozzle, and also a resonator located coaxially with it, made in the form of a tube facing one open end towards the expiration of the working fluid, characterized in that the resonator is mounted in supports with the possibility of rotation, and at least two ultrasonic transducers are installed in the lateral part of the mixing chamber body, the central axes of which are installed at an angle of 60 ... 90 to the central axis of the device having mechanical nozzles in the front part with channels for supplying fuel components, the inner part of the housing being rotatable in the form of, for example, an impeller drum with through holes. 2. A pulsating detonation combustion engine chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the mixing chamber together with the supersonic nozzle can rotate in different directions relative to the resonator due to the installation of an additional movable support in the base of the resonator housing from the outside. The camera of a pulsating detonation combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the lower part of the mixing chamber and at the base of the housing additional movable bearings are installed, which ensure rotation of the outer surface of the critical section relative to the supersonic nozzle in various directions. The chamber of a pulsating detonation combustion engine according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that helical grooves are made on the outer surface of the supersonic nozzle and on the inner surface of the resonator.

Description

Camera pulsating detonation combustion engine

The utility model relates to pulsating air jet engines. Known gas-jet generators Hartmann, operating in a pulsating mode of flow of the working fluid and are currently used as powerful acoustic emitters. With the discovery of the effect of increasing the temperature at the bottom of the resonator in a split second, they began to be used to ignite combustible fuel mixtures, and also when high-temperature heat sources are needed (Lyakhov V.N., Podlubnoy V.V., Impact of shock waves and jets on elements Designs. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1989, 392 p.). However, in RF patent No. 2084675, 1997, a new direction for the use of devices based on the Hartmann generator is proposed. The traction force in them is created as a result of the combustion of the air-fuel mixture. The device comprises a supersonic nozzle and a resonator located in a single housing, made in the form of a tube facing the open end towards the outflow of the working fluid.

Closest to the claimed device, both in principle of operation and in technical design, is a chamber of a pulsating detonation combustion engine (Utility Model Certificate No. 6841, dated 05/07/97). It is characterized by a higher reliability of detonation ignition of the working mixture due to the intensification of the formation of shock waves. This problem is solved by giving one of the surfaces of the critical section of the camera ultrasonic vibrations of a given frequency and amplitude. For this, at least two ultrasonic transducers are installed in the output part of the chamber, the central axes of which are perpendicular to the central axis of the device. In this case, the active pads are rigidly connected with the ring, the inner surface of which, together with the supersonic nozzle, represents a critical section. All this contributes to a decrease in the diameter of the droplets of the working mixture supplied to the resonator and to an increase in the rates of its outflow through the critical section. One of the disadvantages of this design is the inability to control engine thrust.

The objective of the utility model is the formation of a vortex shock wave - a tornado, pressure regulation in the critical section of a supersonic nozzle with simultaneous expansion of operational and technical capabilities, as well as the intensification of the process of formation of a shock wave and regulation of engine thrust.

IPC F 02K 7/02

The task in the claimed device is achieved by installing the resonator in the bearings with the possibility of rotation, as well as by placing in the side of the camera housing the displacement of at least two ultrasonic transducers, the central axis of which can be installed at an angle of 60 ... 90 ° to the central axis of the device . Mechanical nozzles are installed in the end part of the resonators for supplying the components of the working mixture, and the inner part of the housing is rotatable in the form of an impeller — a drum with through cavities.

In addition, the housing of the displacement chamber, together with the truncated body, can rotate in different directions relative to the resonator due to the installation of an additional movable support. Moreover, on the inner surfaces of the truncated body relative to the supersonic nozzle and resonator, helical grooves are made for additional acceleration of the working mixture due to its twisting and creation of additional excess pressure at the base of the cavity of the resonator.

In FIG. 1 shows a camera device of a pulsating additional combustion engine, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of the execution of helical grooves and the direction of rotation of its moving parts.

The device consists of a composite housing 1 and placed in it a supersonic nozzle 2 and a resonator 3.

The housing 1 is designed to install a supersonic nozzle 2 of the resonator 3 and ultrasonic transducers 4, for communication of the cavity into the engine chambers with the environment and for supplying the components of the working mixture into the cavity a of the displacement chamber (Fig. 1).

The supersonic nozzle 2 is designed to accelerate the working mixture to supersonic speeds and direct it into the interior of the resonator 3, as well as to disperse the detonation products flowing out of the cavity of the resonator 3.

The resonator 3 is designed to create shock waves and the excitation of detonation combustion. The developed design is characterized by a number of distinctive features. The first design feature is that mechanical nozzles 5 with channels for supplying fuel components are installed in the end part of the ultrasonic transducers 4. Moreover, the oscillation amplitude falls on the nozzle output of the nozzle.

The second design feature is that its housing has the ability to rotate in different directions relative to the resonator by installing an additional movable support 6 in the base of the resonator housing from the outside. In addition, in the output part of the mixing chamber and at the base of the housing, additional movable bearings 6 are installed, providing rotation of the outer surface of the critical section relative to the supersonic nozzle in various directions. Possible rotational motion directions are shown in FIG. 2.

The third design feature is that on the inner surface of the resonator and on the outer surface of the supersonic nozzle, made in the form of a truncated cone, there are helical grooves.

The engine chamber is tuned to a predetermined mode of operation by changing the critical section area and installing the converters at an angle of 60 ... 90 to the central axis of the device.

The chamber of the pulsating detonation combustion engine operates as follows.

The supply of fuel components to the displacement chamber is carried out through mechanical nozzles. Moreover, under the action of ultrasonic vibrations, additional droplet crushing occurs, which leads to an improvement in the quality of mixture formation of the working mixture.

In the critical section, the working mixture reaches the local speed of sound, and after the critical section acquires supersonic speed.

Accelerated to a speed of M 2, the working mixture enters the internal cavity b of resonator 3, in which an oscillatory process is excited with the formation of a shock wave, accompanied by a sharp increase in temperature and pressure, which leads to the appearance of a detonation wave in the working mixture and its detonation combustion. To intensify the detonation combustion process, helical grooves are used, which direct the working mixture towards the resonator and detonation products towards the swirling supersonic nozzle. As a result of this, a vortex shock wave, a tornado, is formed.

To control the pressure in the critical section of the nozzle of the external expansion, additional movable bearings are installed in the output part of the bias chamber and in the base of the casing, which ensure rotation of the outer surface of the critical section relative to the supersonic nozzle in different directions. By changing the angular speed of rotation of the moving parts of the camera, you can adjust the engine thrust.

The resulting detonation wave, reflected from the bottom of the resonator rushes to its exit, blocking the path of the incoming working mixture. When a detonation wave encounters a supersonic flow of a working mixture, it forms a shock wave, i.e. gas shutter, which blocks the path of the supersonic flow of the working mixture into the resonator 3. When the total pressure of the detonation products exceeds the total pressure of the working mixture at the nozzle exit, the gas lock opens and the detonation wave rushes out through the cavity r through the internal channel of the nozzle 2. The working mixture rushes into the resonator 3 and the process is repeated again.

formed by a supersonic gas jet flowing through a nozzle. The total thrust impulse of a pulsating detonation combustion engine is directly proportional to the pulsation frequency and the magnitude of the pressure acting on the bottom of the resonator.

Claims (4)

1. The chamber of a pulsating detonation combustion engine, comprising a mixing chamber formed between the body and the supersonic nozzle, and also a resonator located coaxially with it, made in the form of a tube facing one open end towards the expiration of the working fluid, characterized in that the resonator is mounted in supports rotatably mounted, and on the side of the mixing chamber housing mounted on at least two ultrasonic transducers, the central axes are mounted at an angle of 60 ... 90 ^o to the central axis ustroyst and having in an end portion of the mechanical nozzle with channels for supplying fuel components, with the inner body portion is rotatable in a form such as drum impellers with through holes.  2. The camera of a pulsating detonation combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the mixing chamber together with a supersonic nozzle can rotate in different directions relative to the resonator by installing an additional movable support at the base of the resonator housing from the outside.  3. The chamber of a pulsating detonation combustion engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the lower part of the mixing chamber and at the base of the housing additional movable bearings are installed, which ensure rotation of the outer surface of the critical section relative to the supersonic nozzle in different directions. 4. The chamber of a pulsating detonation combustion engine according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that helical grooves are made on the outer surface of the supersonic nozzle and on the inner surface of the resonator.