RU160048U1 - SMALL MIXING-CHARGING MACHINE FOR UNDERGROUND MINING WORKS - Google Patents

Abstract

Small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining, including a frame with pneumatic tires with rigid containers for a gas-generating additive, water, an emulsion mixer, metering pumps, a three-way valve and an emulsion tank, characterized in that the frame is made in the form of a mobile trolleys with handles and protective covers, the emulsion tank is made in the form of a separate container, connected via an adapter with a hose to the device’s hydraulic system, pneumatic piston pumps controlled by the controller, connected through an pneumatic station to an external energy source, are hydraulically connected to containers for emulsion, gas generating additive, water and a charging hose, a three-way valve mounted on a hydraulic line between the piston pump for pumping the gas generating additive and the injector for mixing the gas generating additives with an emulsion, an injector rigidly fixed to the frame, included in the hydraulic line at the entrance to the charging hose, and a static mixer is installed in a a dapper connecting the end of the charging hose to the quencher of the spray emulsion explosive made in the form of a hollow cylinder with an output part in the form of a cylinder.

Description

The disadvantage of this device is the large overall dimensions and the inability to obtain a charge of emulsion explosives of the required geometry.

A device for the preparation and loading of wells with a mixed emulsion explosive, adopted as a prototype (RF patent No. 2312301, publ. 10.12.2007, bull. No. 34). A device for preparing and loading wells with a mixed emulsion explosive includes a hopper with a screw feeder for ammonium nitrate, an emulsion tank, containers for a gas-generating additive, water and oil product, as well as metering pumps for supplying an emulsion, gas-generating additive, water and oil product. The device is equipped with a spatula mixer, the shaft of which at its input section is coaxially rigidly connected to the output section of the shaft of the ammonium nitrate screw feeder. The outlet portion of the blade mixer is in communication with the inlet portion of the component mixer, and an oil supply nozzle is located at the inlet portion of the blade mixer. In addition, the device has a second channel for supplying the mixture of the emulsion with the gas-generating additive, the output of which is located at the outlet of the device, the inputs of both channels being connected to the output of the emulsion mixer with the gas-generating additive through the distribution device.

A disadvantage of the known device is the large overall dimensions, due to the structural features of the device, as well as the inability to create a column emulsion explosive charge of a mature form.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the overall dimensions with the possibility of creating a column of emulsion explosive charge of a mature form.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining, including a frame with pneumatic tires with rigidly fixed tanks for a gas-generating additive, water, an emulsion and gas-generating additive, component metering pumps, a three-way valve, according to the invention, the frame made in the form of a mobile trolley with handles and protective covers, the emulsion tank is made in the form of a separate container, connected via an adapter with a hose to the guide devices, pneumatic piston pumps controlled by a controller, connected through an pneumatic station to an external energy source, are hydraulically connected to containers for emulsion, gas-generating additive, water and a charging hose, a three-way valve mounted on a hydraulic line between the piston pump for pumping a gas-generating additive and an injector for mixing a gas-generating additive with an emulsion, an injector rigidly fixed to the frame, included in the hydraulic line at the inlet to an ordinary hose and a static mixer are installed in an adapter connecting the end of the charging hose with a quencher for spraying an emulsion explosive made in the form of a hollow cylinder with an outlet part in the form of a cylinder.

The small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining is illustrated by the drawings, where in FIG. 1 is an isometric diagram of a device; FIG. 2 shows a device, side view, in FIG. 3 shows a device, a view from the outlet side of the product, in FIG. 4 shows a device, a top view, in FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a device; FIG. 6 shows an adapter for a spray suppressor for emulsion explosive spray and a charge hose; FIG. 7 shows an extinguishing emulsion explosive flame suppressor; FIG. 8 shows a static mixer for the final mixing of an emulsion and a gas generating additive, where:

1 - frame with handles, for example, reinforced welded collapsible design;

2 - a container for water;

3 - capacity for gas generating additives;

4 - capacity for emulsion in the form of a separate container;

5 - piston pump for pumping gas-generating additives, can be equipped with a pressure gauge and check valves;

6 - ball valve capacity 3 for gas-generating additives;

7 - piston pump for pumping emulsion and water, can be equipped with a pressure gauge and check valves;

8 - ball valve containers for emulsion 4, made in the form of a separate container;

9 - ball valve capacity 2 for water;

10 - pneumatic station, for example Drago President;

11 - a block of pneumatic filter, regulator and lubricator, for example Festo;

12 - bracket for mounting the control cabinet;

13 - control cabinet;

14 - lifting eyes;

15 - protective covers and frame reinforcements;

16 - controllers operating and backup;

17 - pneumatic tires, mounted rotatably on the axis 18;

18 - axis for pneumatic tires 17, rigidly mounted on the frame 1;

19 - ball valve for supplying water from an external source;

20 - bracket for mounting the controllers 16;

21 - adapter with an eccentric lock for hydraulically connecting the device to the emulsion tank 4 in the form of a separate container, for example, IBC;

22 - adapter for connecting the charging hose;

23 - a charging hose;

24 - adapter for a static mixer;

25 - quencher spray emulsion explosive made in the form of a hollow cylinder;

26 is a static mixer installed in the adapter 24, connecting the end of the charging hose 23 with the quencher 25 of the spray torch emulsion explosive;

27 - nozzle of a static mixer;

28 - an external source of pneumatic energy, for example a mine pneumatic network;

29 - injector for mixing a gas-generating additive and emulsion, rigidly fixed to the frame, included in the hydraulic line at the inlet to the charging hose;

30 - three-way valve for calibrating the flow rate of gas-generating additives;

d is the diameter of the nozzle 27 of the static mixer 26, m;

D is the inner diameter of the damper 25 of the spray torch emulsion explosive, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, m;

L is the length of the output part of the damper 25 of the spray torch emulsion explosive, m

Emulsion explosives have long been widely used throughout the world, including in the Russian Federation, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan. The use of emulsion explosives can radically improve the safety of transportation and loading of explosives, since non-explosive components are transported and charged and the final "explosive product" is formed only in charged wells. Currently, the technology of using emulsion explosives in the underground space is developing rapidly. The main disadvantage of the solutions already available on the market is the large dimensions of devices for transporting explosives and their components, which is unacceptable in a confined space, such as underground. Also, a number of technologies provide for the incomplete charging of holes, the quality of which is directly affected by the geometric aged column of emulsion explosive.

Small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining is designed for temporary storage and preparation of emulsion explosives.

The small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining contains the following main elements. Frame 1 with handles, for example, a reinforced welded collapsible design, is designed to accommodate technological equipment, as well as water tanks 2 and gas-generating additives 3. The device is moved using the frame, for which axis 18 is provided in the lower part of the frame, which pneumatically mounted tires 17 are rotatably fixed (at least two symmetrically mounted tires). The axis 18 is rigidly fixed to the frame 1. In the upper part of the frame, a water tank 2 and a tank 3 for a gas-generating additive are fixed. Tanks 2 and 3, 4 are hydraulically connected through valves 9, 6, 8 to piston pumps 5 and 7. The pumps are fixed under containers 2 and 3: a piston pump 5 for pumping a gas-generating additive and a piston pump 7 for pumping an emulsion from a tank 4 made in as a separate container and water. Each pump 5 and 7 can be equipped with a pressure gauge and check valves. Also, a filter system may be provided in the hydraulic circuit of the device. As materials of containers 2 and 3, it is preferable to use plastic or composite materials. The gas-generating additive supply system consists of a storage tank 3 mounted on the device frame 1. Capacity 3 is designed to store the gas-generating additive until it is pumped into the emulsion through the injector 29, acting as an agent for sensitizing and lubricating the charging hose 23. The gas-generating additive is poured into the container 3 through the cap located at the top of the container 3. Outlet the line on the tank 3 drives the gas-generating additive through the outlet valve 6 of the tank 3. The exhaust line of the gas-generating additive may include a check valve, a flow indicator and a filter in the line, and then to the injector 29. Piston th pump 5 to the gas generating additive is driven actuator driven into the work piston pump 7. The filter solution of the gas generating additive may be installed on the line between the rate indicator and a piston pump 5 to the gas generating additive. It could be, for example, a Swagelok SS-4TF series filter with 140 microns, with a 316 SS filter element. From the piston pump 5, the gas-generating additive flows through a hydraulic line into a three-way valve 30, rigidly fixed to the frame 1. This three-way valve 30 allows the gas-generating additive to either pass directly to the injector 29 during the production of emulsion explosive, or to the sampling point of the gas-generating additive during flow calibration time. The injector 29, is rigidly fixed to the frame, and is connected to the hydraulic line at the entrance to the charging hose 23. During the working process, the handle of the crane can, for example, be directed upwards (production), and downward during calibration. The non-return valve can be installed on the supply line of the gas generating additive to prevent air from entering the system. To calibrate the flow rate of the gas-generating additive, first you need to open the ball valve 6 on the container 3 for the gas-generating additive and turn the three-way valve 30 through 180 ° to the calibration position (handle down), the circle for measuring the density of the solution should be under the sampling point for sample collection gas generating additives for the purpose of weighing it. This process is performed during pumping water from the tank 2 through the piston pump 7 at startup. After the pump 7 performs 10 cycles necessary for calibration, it can be turned off, return the three-way valve 30 back to its initial position (handle up) and weigh the sample. The calibration point of the gas generating additive may include a pressure relief valve located behind the panel. It reproduces the pressure applied to the hose to ensure that the calibration volume is an accurate representation of what is supplied to the hose during the operation of the piston pump 5. The water tank 2 serves to store and dispense water for the initial filling of the device’s hydraulic system, as well as flushing the system after completion of work related to charging emulsion explosive.

As the container 4 for the emulsion in the form of a separate container, an IBC container can be used, connected through an adapter 21 with an eccentric lock to the hydraulic system of the device. IBC tank 4 holds approximately 1000 liters of emulsion, has a square shape and is equipped with a 50 mm or 75 mm outlet ball valve 8. A 75 mm outlet ball valve is preferred. 8. Tank 4 can also be equipped with a disk rotary valve. A purge valve is located at the top of the tank to relieve possible excessive tank pressure during operation.

Pneumatic station 10, for example Drago President, serves to accumulate and convert energy from an external source of pneumatic energy 28, for example a mine pneumatic network. To ensure the operation of the station, a block 11 of a pneumatic filter, a regulator and a lubricator, for example Festo, is used. To place the wiring, use the control cabinet 13, mounted on the bracket 12. For carrying out loading and unloading and repair operations on the frame 1, lifting eyes 14 are rigidly fixed. To prevent deformation of the technological scheme of the device at different levels, protective casings and frame reinforcements are provided 15. Side at the top parts of the device in drawers 16 are located operating and backup control controllers, mounted on brackets 20, necessary to establish the preparation of emulsion explosive still. Power for the controllers 16 is provided by batteries. For control, the controllers are connected using the connectors to the pumps 5 and 7. If there is an external source of water for flushing, it is connected to the device through a ball valve 19. The charging hose 23 is connected to the hydraulic system of the device through an adapter 22 for connecting the charging hose. At the opposite end of the charging hose 23, using a adapter 24 for a static mixer, a static mixer 26 and a quencher for the emulsion explosive spray torch 25, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, are fixed. The size of the exhaust nozzle 27 is taken in accordance with the required mixing characteristics of the emulsion and the gas generating additive. In the injector 29, a gas generating additive is introduced into the emulsion stream coaxially with the emulsion stream. The quencher of the spray torch 25 emulsion explosive is performed in the form of a hollow cylinder with an outlet part in the form of a cylinder. This form allows you to provide the desired angle of the spray torch emulsion explosive, the extinction of which leads to the desired effect - to obtain a column of explosive charge of a mature form. Deviations from the above dependencies do not allow to obtain the effect described above.

Small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining works as follows. Before starting the device, it is necessary to check the following indicators and systems:

- the level of emulsion in the tank 4;

- water level in tank 2;

- the level of gas-generating additives in the tank 3;

- all containers must be covered with lids;

- there should be no leaks on pumps 5 and 7;

- there should be no visible leaks in all areas of the hydraulic system of the device;

- taps must be shut off;

- All emergency shutdown systems must be in good condition.

To activate the hydraulic system, first you need to make sure that the exhaust valve from the emulsion tank 4 in the form of a separate container is closed. Open the valve 9 on the water tank 2 at the point of hydraulic connection with the emulsion supply line. Thus, the hose and pipelines going from the water tank 2 to the container 4 and the piston pump 7 are completely flushed. We pump water through the system at startup, then open the ball valve 6 on the tank 4 to drive the emulsion through the piston pump 7. At the end of the pumping process , close the valve 9 of the water tank 9 and the water valve - the device will now produce an emulsion explosive. Also, the above procedure is performed in the opposite direction to flush the device upon completion of the production of emulsion explosive.

The device uses the high pressure air provided in the underground conditions by the customer’s service for the operation of the pneumatic station 10, which in turn drives the piston pumps 5 and 7. It is very important that the air hoses and fittings of the device are in good working condition. Whenever a pneumatic hose from an external source of pneumatic energy 28 is connected to the device, both ends of the hose must be secured with safety clips (not shown conditionally). Before connecting the air supply from source 28 to the device, make sure that all hoses are clean, free of dirt and water. In some cases, blow out the hoses before connecting to the device.

As soon as the hoses are connected, make sure that the safety clamps are installed and then slowly turn on the air supply from the pneumatic energy source 28, listening for air leaks. The air supply regulator 11 can be pre-set to a maximum value of 4.2 bar.

When disconnecting the air supply from source 28 from the device, turn off the main supply valve, turn on the air drain valve 11 to relieve system pressure and the cyclic air drain valve several times so that all the air leaves the supply side. Continue to do this until you no longer hear the sound of air coming out of the drain valve 11. After that, remove the safety clips and hoses from the device. Fold the hoses and hang them either on the machine or on the wall.

The adapter 21 with an eccentric shutter is connected to the tank 4 of the emulsion, after which you can attach a flexible hose. The emulsion, which is in a container 4 in the form of a separate container, is fed into the piston pump 7 through a flexible transfer hose. Pump 7 is a reciprocating piston pump that produces a pulsed flow. Pump 7 is driven by a pneumatic station 10. Compressed air is supplied by customer services from source 28. Pump 7 delivers an emulsion based on ammonium nitrate through a hydraulic system to injector 29. A gas generating additive is injected into injector 29 through a three-way valve 30 from piston pump 5. In the injector 29, a gas generating additive is introduced into the emulsion stream coaxially with the emulsion stream, whereby the gas generating additive forms a film along the entire inner surface of the supply line and charging hose 23, i.e. acts as a lubricant to facilitate pumping of the product as an emulsion explosive. In the absence of a gas-generating additive in the hose, pumping will slow down and eventually stop. On the supply side, pumps 5 and 7 can be equipped with a filter and pressure gauge. The filter prevents contaminants such as stones and crystals from entering the unit. The static mixer 26 further mixes the gas generating additive and the emulsion to further ensure that they are mixed properly and thereby sensitize the product. The speed of the pumps 5 and 7 is regulated, installed and checked using the controllers 16 connected to the pumps. The performance indicators of pumps 5 and 7 are displayed on the display panel of the controllers 16. The pump is turned on and off through the control valve at the pneumatic station 10. After the charging procedure is completed, the device is washed in the sequence indicated above during preliminary washing.

The use of a small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining provides the following advantages:

- obtaining a column of explosive charge of a mature form;

- reducing the complexity of manufacturing a column of charge of a mature form due to high-quality mixing of the components;

- minimization of the overall dimensions of the device due to the compact design layout.

Claims (1)

Small-sized mixing and charging machine for underground mining, including a frame with pneumatic tires with rigid containers for a gas-generating additive, water, an emulsion mixer, metering pumps, a three-way valve and an emulsion tank, characterized in that the frame is made in the form of a mobile trolleys with handles and protective covers, the emulsion tank is made in the form of a separate container, connected via an adapter with a hose to the device’s hydraulic system, pneumatic piston pumps controlled by the controller, connected through an pneumatic station to an external energy source, are hydraulically connected to containers for emulsion, gas generating additive, water and a charging hose, a three-way valve mounted on a hydraulic line between the piston pump for pumping the gas generating additive and the injector for mixing the gas generating additives with an emulsion, an injector rigidly fixed to the frame, included in the hydraulic line at the entrance to the charging hose, and a static mixer is installed in a a dapper connecting the end of the charging hose to the quencher of the spray emulsion explosive made in the form of a hollow cylinder with an output part in the form of a cylinder.

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