RU159334U1 - DEVICE FOR TAKING GAS SAMPLES FROM A PERIODONTAL POCKET TO A GAS ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENT - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for sampling gas from a periodontal pocket to a gas analyzer containing a gas collection housing connected tightly to a needle, characterized in that the housing has two openings, one of which is sealed to the saliva ejector through a connecting sleeve, and the second opening is hermetically connected to gas analyzer through the gas supply pipe, and the needle has a spherical end and is connected to the housing through the pipe and the sleeve.

Description

The utility model relates to medical equipment, namely to diagnostic devices - gas samplers, and is designed to take a gas sample from a periodontal pocket of a person and analyze it with a gas analysis device for diagnosing an oral cavity disease - periodontitis.

Inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues occupy one of the leading places among the most important problems of dentistry.

The increased interest of dentists in periodontics, the high prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases among the working population and the variability of the severity of tissue damage, leads to further improvement of clinical and paraclinical methods for diagnosing diseases of this group.

Diagnostic methods that could be performed on an outpatient basis, take up little time, be informative and not invasive, do not require special skills, are easy to interpret, have low cost, are especially in demand.

It is well known that many disorders in the human body manifest themselves by changing the composition of exhaled air. Monitoring these changes can serve as an effective and quick diagnostic tool in medical practice. Such opportunities have already been shown in international practice by the example of detecting skin diseases, diagnosing lung cancer, etc. Of particular importance may be the use of such gas analytical instruments in dental practice. After all, it is the dentist who is one of the main specialists in charge of the halitosis problem.

Halitosis is a term used to refer to the persistent unpleasant smell of air exhaled by a person.

Halitose odors must be able to recognize and differentiate. This is important, first of all, for accurate diagnosis, since there is a connection between the nature of the smell and the nature of halitosis. Today, there are various methods for determining halitosis (organoleptic tests, gas sensor counters (halimeters), gas chromatographs, etc.). These research methods have different levels of sensitivity to certain odorants. Some, such as a halimeter, are too selective sensitive, others allow a better analysis, but have a very expensive cost. In this regard, there is a need to develop and introduce new methods for the diagnosis of halitosis. A very promising direction for solving these problems is the use of the "electronic nose" of a gas-analytical device that has several sensors working on the basis of multi-sensor rulers and equipped with computer support (artificial intelligence). Preliminary studies of the authors led to the conclusion that it is possible to use such multisensor gas analytical devices based on oxide semiconductor chemoresistors to detect deviations in the gas composition of the secretions produced by the body of patients suffering from diseases of the oral cavity. The authors conducted the studies using paper pins soaked with discharge from periodontal pockets. To prevent odor evaporation, the impregnated paper pins were placed in a test tube with a tightly rubbed rubber cap. For more accurate studies, there was a need to create conditions so that the smell from the periodontal pocket directly fell into the gas analysis device.

In the prior art, various designs of air samplers are known.

A device for sampling exhaled air containing a mask, valve box, a flexible hose, a clip equipped with guide grooves, an ejector lever and a position lock of the sleeves, a feeder, sleeves of gas sampling containers with shut-off valves and a bag (AS USSR No. 971255 A61B 5 / 08 dated 11.16.80).

A device for sampling exhaled air, containing a cylindrical chamber with an inlet and a piston, a piston movement limiter and a breathing tube with a mouthpiece and a valve (USSR AS No. 1250251 A61B 5/08 of 08/15/86).

Also, a device for sampling exhaled air, containing a mask, panel, three-way valves with sensors, electric seconds, a rack and gas sampling containers (AS USSR No. 1505502 A61B 5/08 from 07/07/89).

However, all these devices allow you to take samples of all air exhaled by the patient, and not just air from the alleged lesion (periodontal pocket). A mixture of patient’s exhalation odors may contain various odors (chewing gum, alcohol, tobacco, odors from the digestive tract) all this makes it difficult to isolate and analyze the odor of periodontitis.

A syringe is known for collecting and introducing gas-vapor samples into a gas analyzer, containing a cylindrical glass case for collecting gas, on the side of which there is a fitting for supplying purge gas to the working cavities of the syringe, a Teflon piston with a rod equipped with a cap, a replaceable needle (catalog AnalyticalSupplies, p. 37, GERSTELGmbH, Germany, 2006/2007). The disadvantage of this specialized syringe is its high cost, the inability to continuously withdraw gas from hard-to-reach cavities, which limits its use as a standard, widely used diagnostic method.

Closest to this utility model is a device for sampling and inputting samples into an analyzer for the composition of gas-vapor mixtures (RU 2399045 C1), containing a dosing syringe, in which the gas is collected in a cylindrical body, by means of a piston with a rod having the possibility of reciprocating movement, hollow a needle, characterized in that a hollow nozzle is installed on the syringe body on the side of the piston rod input with the piston, while the nozzle cavity communicates with the syringe working cavity and the purge gas supply pipe. The disadvantages of the device are the great complexity, as well as the lack of the possibility of continuous extraction of gas from hard-to-reach areas of the oral cavity, for example, periodontal pocket.

We were the first to propose a device for continuous intake and supply of air containing a gas mixture from a periodontal pocket to a multisensor gas analysis device, having a disposable disposable element in the form of a needle with a special external atraumatic spherical profile of its end. The advantage of the proposed device is that it works from a standard dental unit that provides continuous gas intake.

The proposed device is presented in Figure 1., where

1 - the housing of the device,

2 - pipeline

3 - sleeve for tight connection of a disposable needle and pipe,

4 - disposable hollow needle

5 - spherical end of the needle,

6 - connecting sleeve for connecting the body to the saliva ejector,

7 - dental saliva ejector,

8 - gas supply pipe to the analyzer,

9 - gas analysis device.

A pipeline (2) is attached to the device body (1), having a sleeve (3) for tight connection with a disposable needle (4), the sleeve makes it easy to change the needle after use. The needle has a spherical end (5), providing a non-traumatic insertion of the needle into the periodontal pocket; the body with the help of a connecting sleeve (6) is attached to the dental saliva ejector (7), which creates a vacuum in the body and the needle cavity for taking gas from the periodontal pocket and transferring it through the gas supply pipe (8) to the multisensor gas analysis device (9).

A device for sampling and introducing samples into a multisensor gas analytical device works thanks to a standard dental unit having a saliva ejector, as follows. After connecting all the elements of the device, turning on the multisensor gas analyzer and saliva ejector in the case, pipelines, and the needle, a vacuum is created due to which air from the periodontal pocket through the needle cavity and the pipe enters the device body, and then through the gas supply pipe to the air intake chamber multisensor gas analytical device, which, after calibration, recognizes the type of gas.

The proposed device has the following advantages:

1. A simple and cheap way to continuously intake and supply air to a multisensor gas analytic device containing gas mixture vapors from a periodontal pocket.

2. Has a removable disposable element in the form of a needle, to prevent the risk of cross infection,

3. The needle has a spherical ending, which is non-traumatic in contact with the periodontal pocket of the patient.

All this allows us to successfully carry out rapid diagnostics of the gas composition of the periodontal pocket of the patient.

Claims (1)

A device for sampling gas from a periodontal pocket into a gas analysis device comprising a gas collection housing connected tightly to a needle, characterized in that the housing has two openings, one of which is sealed to the saliva ejector through a connecting sleeve, and the second opening is hermetically connected to the gas analyzer through the gas supply pipe, and the needle has a spherical end and is connected to the housing through the pipe and the sleeve.

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