RU159253U1 - INSTALLATION OF FORMING BLOCKS FROM ARBOLIT - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for molding blocks of arbolite containing a device for moving molds, a device for loading arbolite mixture into a mold, a device for tamping arbolite mixture in a mold, a device for stripping a building block from a mold, characterized in that the device for moving the molds in the form of a carousel-type platform, around the perimeter of which, outside of it, loading, tamping and formwork devices are installed, while the loading device is equipped with a shock-return vibration mechanism the axis of the vertical roller guides of the mold, made in the form of a lever connected to the pneumatic cylinder and the leash, mounted on the axis of the vertical roller guides of the mold, pivotally connected to the traverse at the loading position of the molds; in the ramming device, a ramming table is installed on roller vertical guides, connected to the bottom vertical linear pneumatic actuator, with the possibility of vertical reciprocating ramming of the table, and the pressure plate is kinematically connected to the upper linear vertical pneumatic actuator.

Description

The claimed technical solution relates to the field of production of building materials, in particular, to technological equipment for the production of building blocks from wood concrete.

A device for molding arbolite containing a working body in contact with the anvil, roller stops mounted on the anvil and vertical guides in contact with them, mounted on the working body, a matrix on the pallet mounted on the working body, and a vertical movement mechanism of the working body, it is provided supporting posts fixed on a working body with eyes and clamps for the axes of the removable punch-load, placed in the eyes by means of elastic bushings, two-arm lever gami with rollers at the ends of one of his shoulders, while the levers are rigidly fixed on the axles and placed on the inner surface of the racks, the control unit of the vertical movement mechanism, and also in the device is programmable in time, the power of the shock pulses, the volume of external mechanical energy spent on one molding cycle and force impulses compensating for the rebound (patent for invention №2002613, IPC В28В 1/08, publication date 11/15/93, "Device for forming arbolite").

The use in a known device of a bridge crane for installing a punch-load in a dual-mode molding cycle increases the time of one molding cycle, which leads to a decrease in the productivity of the molding device.

The use of manual labor on each molding cycle, in particular when loading wood concrete, molding and unloading finished blocks, as well as the intermittent nature of the device, reduce the productivity of the device for molding wood concrete.

The use in a known device of a bridge crane for (at) stripping of finished blocks reduces the performance of the device for molding arbolite.

The prototype of this technical solution is a device for forming blocks of arbolite, containing a form above which a punch equipped with a power drive is placed coaxially with it, a shock exciter kinematically connected with it is placed under the form, and the device is equipped with a support plate placed above the punch and mounted on vibrator, in addition, it is equipped with a device for changing the vertical size of the molded blocks, made in the form of replaceable inserts placed between the punch and the base plate, and the punch stroke limiting device made in the form of side stops fixed to the base plate with the possibility of interaction with the upper edge of the mold (utility model patent No. 113195, IPC В28В 1/08, publication date 02/10/2012, “Device for forming blocks from arbolite ").

The presence in this device of an electric drive, the output shaft of which is equipped with a cam, leads to overload and overheating of the electric motor in case of excessive vertical force to press the arbolite mixture from above by a base plate with a punch-load, which reduces the reliability of the device

In addition, the disadvantage of this device is the low productivity of the press, determined by the pressing time of one arbolite block and a significant time of installation, fixing, fixing, removing the mold.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to increase the productivity and reliability of the installation for forming blocks of wood concrete.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the installation of molding blocks of arbolite containing a device for moving molds, a device for loading arbolite mixture into a mold, a device for tamping arbolite mixture in a mold, a device for stripping a building block from a mold in which the device the movement of the molds is made in the form of a carousel-type platform, around the perimeter of which, outside it, loading, tamping and formwork devices are installed, while the loading device is equipped with a mechanism shock-returnable oscillation about axis vertical guide roller mold, configured as a lever and a pneumatic cylinder associated with the leash attached to the vertical axis of the guide roller mold pivotally connected with crossarm at the loading station molds; in the ramming device, a ramming table is installed on roller vertical guides, connected to the bottom vertical linear pneumatic actuator, with the possibility of vertical reciprocating ramming of the table, and the pressure plate is kinematically connected to the upper linear vertical pneumatic actuator.

Placement of molds simultaneously in three positions, each of which has its own technological operation - loading, ramming and stripping, ensures the continuity of the installation, which increases its productivity.

Using the platform of the carousel type of the device for moving the molds increases the productivity of the installation, i.e. saves time on preparatory operations for loading the arbolite mixture and stripping the finished arbolite block due to the rapid movement of the molds and the elimination of their fixation on each work cycle.

The exclusion of manual labor and the reduction of the human factor in the operation of the installation, i.e. In fact, the automation of the installation, lead to increased productivity.

The mechanism of shock-return oscillations ensures uniform distribution of the arbolite mixture in the mold at the loading position, which improves the quality of the product - arbolite block while ensuring high installation performance.

In the tamper device, the oncoming vertical action from the pneumatic cylinder of the pressure plate and the pneumatic cylinder of the tamper table ensure reliable operation of the tamper device, protecting the structure from damage.

The use of vertical roller guides, with the help of which molds are installed on a rotary platform, provides increased reliability of the installation.

The presence of distinctive features in the claimed technical solution allows us to conclude that it meets the condition of patentability “novelty”.

The patentability condition "industrial applicability" is confirmed by the example of a specific implementation.

The essence of the technical solution is illustrated by technical drawings, where

in FIG. 1 shows a General view of the installation in a perspective view;

in FIG. 2 - installation in a top view;

in FIG. 3 is a section through a device for moving molds, a section through a device for loading an arbolite mixture into a mold, and a section A-A;

in FIG. 4 is a section BB of FIG. З with the mechanism of reciprocating shock oscillations;

in FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a device for ramming an arbolite mixture in a mold;

in FIG. 6 is a section of a device for stripping an arbolite block from a mold.

The installation for molding building blocks 1 from arbolite is a floor-mounted design with a device for moving molds 2 of a carousel type and with three functional devices concentrically arranged at an angle of 120 degrees relative to each other: a device for loading arbolite mixture into the mold 2, a device for ramming the arbolite mixture in the mold 2, the stripping device of the building block 1 from the mold 2.

The device for moving the molds 2 is made in the form of a platform 3 of a carousel type, rigidly mounted on a rotary support 4, pivotally connected to a fixed support 5, which is rigidly fixed to the frame 6.

The carousel-type platform 3 is made in the form of an equilateral triangle.

On the one hand, the pivot bearing 4 is kinematically connected through a gear wheel 7 with a rotation drive 8, and through a stop 9, rigidly mounted on a gear wheel 7, with a clip 10 of a lock And, made in the form of a two-shouldered lever, with a roller 10 fixed on one of its ends and the other end of the horizontal pneumatic cylinder 12 pivotally connected to the rod.

On the other hand, the swivel support 4 is pivotally connected to a fixed support 5, rigidly mounted on the frame 6.

The mold 2, made in the form of a hollow parallelepiped without a cover with a removable pallet 13 and with a shelf A (see Fig. 6), is installed by means of rollers 14 on vertical roller guides 15, rigidly fixed on a movable plate 16, rigidly connected with the vertical axis 17, pivotally mounted on the traverse 18, pivotally mounted on the platform 3. The movable plate 16 through the tension spring 19 interacts with the stop 20, rigidly mounted on the traverse 18.

The device for loading the arbolite mixture comprises a hopper-dispenser 21 with a centrally located screw 22 located above the mold 2 in the loading position.

In addition, the loading device is equipped with a shock-return oscillation mechanism, which consists of a lever 23 pivotally connected to the pneumatic cylinder 24, and through a leash 25 is rigidly connected with a vertical axis 17 mounted on the bearings and pivotally connected to the traverse 18.

The tamper device consists of a base 26 on which a vertical flat frame is rigidly fixed, made in the form of two vertical posts 27 connected by horizontal jumpers: the upper - 28 and the bottom - 29. Inside the struts 27 of the vertical flat frame on four rollers 30 a frame 31 is mounted, articulated connected with a vertically located rod of the pneumatic cylinder 32, the base of which is fixed on the lower jumper 29 of the vertical flat frame.

Stops 33 are installed on the lower jumper 29. The frame 31 is pivotally connected to the beam 34 with its upper part, one end of which is rigidly connected to the pressure plate 35, and the other is pivotally connected to the lower jumper of the frame 31 through an adjusting extension 36.

Also, on the base 26, a vertical guide 37 is rigidly fixed with rollers 38 centering the vertical rod 39 and the cover of the vibrating table 40 relative to the vertical axis of symmetry of the pressure plate 35 with the possibility of reciprocating vertical movement.

The cover of the vibrating table 40 is pivotally connected to the vertical rod 39 through a support 41, rigidly connected to the vertical rod 39 and pivotally connected to the rod of the vertical pneumatic cylinder 42, which is rigidly connected to the base 26. A horizontal stand 43 is movably mounted on the base 26 and is connected to the rod of the horizontal pneumatic cylinder 44 rigidly fixed on the jumpers 45 of the base 26.

The formwork device is a horizontal table 46 with a rolling table 47 placed on it. Table 46 is rigidly connected to the rod of the vertical pneumatic cylinder 48, rigidly fixed to the base plate 49, rigidly connected to the frame 6.

The upper part of the casing of the vertical pneumatic cylinder 48 is fixedly connected to the vertical strut 50 fixedly mounted on the base plate 49. In the upper part of the strut 50, the lift limiter 51 of the mold 2 is fixedly mounted.

The operation of the installation of forming blocks 1 of wood concrete begins with the operation of the loading device. After filling the hopper-dispenser 21 with an arbolite mixture, it is installed over the cavity of the mold 2, then the arbolite mixture is loaded into the mold.

The accuracy of positioning the mold 2 in the horizontal plane at each of the technological positions (loading, ramming and formwork) is carried out by the latch 11, which interacts with the stop 9 of the gear 7.

Simultaneously with the loading of the arbolite mixture, a horizontally located pneumatic cylinder 24 is turned on, which drives the lead 25, transmitting successively the oscillations through the lead 25, the vertical axis 17 and the movable plate 16 of the mold 2, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of the arbolite mixture in the mold 2 while loading.

After loading is complete, the hopper-dispenser 21 of the arbolite mixture returns to its initial position, the pneumatic cylinder 24 brings the leash 25 to its initial state relative to the beam 18. In this case, the movable plate 16 returns to its initial state by a tension spring 19 interacting with the stop 20 rigidly fixed to the beam 18.

Then, the horizontal pneumatic cylinder 12 is turned on, the rod of which moves the roller 10 of the clamp 11 from the stop 9, after which the drive 8 is turned on, which starts to rotate the rotary support 4 together with the platform 3 in a counterclockwise direction by an angle of 120 degrees. After a certain period of time, determined by the performance of the installation, after turning on the rotation drive 8, the pneumatic cylinder 12 returns the roller 10 of the clamp 11 to its original position. At the end of the rotation of the platform 3, the rotation drive 8 is turned off and the platform 3, having encountered the focus 20 with the roller 10 of the latch 11, stops.

Thus, the mold 2 loaded with the arbolite mixture is moved to the tamping position, and a free mold 2 is supplied from its stripping position to its vacant position, which will be loaded simultaneously with the tamper according to the above procedure.

During tamping of the arbolite mixture in the mold 2, the pneumatic cylinder 32 is first turned on, which lowers the frame 31 mounted on the rollers 30 in the uprights 27. Together with the frame 31, the beam 34 with the pressure plate 35 is lowered down to the position of the pressure plate 35 in the cavity of the press -form 2 and the contact of the pressure plate 35 with arbolitovoy mixture. Together with the beam 34, a extension 36 is lowered, which regulates the lowering depth of the pressure plate 35 inside the mold 2 and is fixed at its ends on the beam 34 and on the upper jumper 28.

Immediately after turning on the pneumatic cylinder 32, the pneumatic cylinder 42 is turned on, performing cycles of reciprocating vertical movements of the rod of the pneumatic cylinder 42, and through it the covers of the vibrating table 40 with a frequency of 2-3 cycles per second for 5-20 cycles.

With the inclusion of the pneumatic cylinder 42, a horizontal pneumatic cylinder 44 is mounted horizontally located and fixed on the jumpers 45, the rod of which brings the stand 43 under the vertical rod 39, centered by the rollers 38 relative to the vertical guide 37, the cover of the vibrating table 40. The ramming of the arbolite mixture in the mold 2 occurs due to cyclic impacts of the vertical rod 39 together with the support 41 and the cover of the vibrating table 40 with the mold 2 on the stand 43 with the simultaneous compression of the arbolite mixture by the pressure plate 35.

In this case, the mold 2 makes forced damping vertical oscillations along the vertical roller guides 15 using the rollers 14.

After practicing the tamping cycles, the frame 31 will come in contact with the stops 33 and all the devices involved in the work are brought to their initial positions: first, the vertical pneumatic cylinder 32, then the horizontal pneumatic cylinder 44, then the vertical pneumatic cylinder 42 brings the table cover 40 to its original position. After that, the platform 3 with the mold 2 makes the change of the tamping position to the stripping position in the same manner as described when changing the loading position to the tamping position. If the required amount of arbolite mixture is not received in the loading device, then the position will change after a predetermined period of time determined by the technology.

The dismantling process begins with the inclusion of a vertical pneumatic cylinder 48, which by a rod connected to the table 46 with the roller table 47, rests on the pallet 13 of the mold 2 and pushes the pressed block 1 from the cavity of the mold 2 to a level above the upper cut of the mold 2. Press -form 2 is held from rising up by the limiter of the lift 51, (stationary) installed in the upper part of the rack 50, mounted on the base plate 49.

At the end of the stripping, the arbolite block 1 with the pallet 13 from the table 46 is removed, and the table 46 is returned by the vertical pneumatic cylinder 48 to its original position. Thus, the cycle of operation of the installation for molding arbolite blocks 1 ends.

Thus, the use of the inventive installation for forming blocks of arbolite having a rotary platform of a carousel type, equipped with a shock-return oscillation device that ensures uniform distribution of the arbolite mixture over the mold, and a tamper device that provides force interaction between counter-acting pneumatic cylinders, allows to increase the productivity of the installation and increase the reliability of its work.

Claims (1)

An apparatus for molding blocks of arbolite containing a device for moving molds, a device for loading arbolite mixture into a mold, a device for tamping arbolite mixture in a mold, a device for stripping a building block from a mold, characterized in that the device for moving the molds in the form of a carousel-type platform, along the perimeter of which, outside its boundaries, loading, tamping and formwork devices are installed, while the loading device is equipped with a shock-return vibration mechanism the axis of the vertical roller guides of the mold, made in the form of a lever connected to the pneumatic cylinder and the leash, mounted on the axis of the vertical roller guides of the mold, pivotally connected to the traverse at the loading position of the molds; in the tampering device, a tamper table is mounted on roller vertical rails associated with the lower vertical linear pneumatic actuator, with the possibility of vertical reciprocating tampering of the table, and the pressure plate is kinematically connected with the upper linear vertical pneumatic actuator.

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