RU158754U1 - MULTILAYER PROTECTIVE MASK FROM HAZARDOUS VAPOR POISONING - Google Patents

Abstract

A multilayer protective mask against poisoning with mercury vapor, containing a rectangular non-woven filter material, devices for attaching the mask to the head, a nasal carrier in the form of an elastic two-layer insert sewn on both sides to the edges of the long side of the non-woven filter material of a rectangular shape, a copper mesh between the layers of the elastic nasal insert 0.1 mm thick with cells 1.0-2.0 nm, inserted between layers along an axial line running in the center of the long side of the rectangle (Revell EMAIL COLOR) with copper nanoparticles on both sides the thickness of the layer is 100 nm, characterized in that between the layers of the elastic insert of the nanosurfer is additionally inserted from the outer part of the mask in front of the copper mesh a magnetized iron mesh 0.1 mm thick, cells 1-2 nm with magnetic ferrite powder with particle sizes of 1-500 nm.

Description

The invention relates to the field of devices and can be used to protect respiratory organs from various impurities contained in air, in particular mercury vapor. The utility model also relates to medicine and can be used to protect the human upper respiratory tract from various substances and bacteria that are transmitted by airborne droplets from person to person or animals to person; respiratory protection from dust containing viruses and bacteria; protection against industrial dust containing mercury vapor.

Known individual filter mask having a flat folding shape, at least two straps attached respectively to the upper and lower corners of the mask, or with a fastener-type "contact" (Velcro) at the ends of the straps, made of two layers with a replaceable filter cartridge, mask made of a canvas of a warp knitted elastic two-layer, including the inner and outer layers with the opposite hygroscopicity of the fiber. The replaceable filter cartridge is made of a material that traps viruses and bacteria transmitted by airborne droplets and allergens. A medicine is applied to a replaceable filter cartridge (RF Patent for utility model No. 3268, IPC A41D 13/11, published September 20, 2003).

Known individual antiviral, antimicrobial, antiallergenic, antidust, preventive, medical mask with a replaceable filter cartridge filled with gruel of various sulfur-containing plants with antibiotic, antiseptic properties, onions, garlic, horseradish, etc. (RF applications for inventions 2000114426, IPC A41D 13/11, published September 27, 2002, 200311549, IPC A61M 1606, published November 27, 2004). Use of a mask containing slurry of odoriferous plants can cause allergies or spasm of the airways vessels. The protective effect of using such a mask is short-lived, as the gruel dries out over time, and the ether compounds that make up the plants disappear.

An analogue to the claimed utility model is a face mask or dressing containing a filter layer of filter material impregnated with an antiseptic, predominantly octenisept (RF Patent for the invention No. 2127619, IPC A62B 18/02, published on March 20, 1999). When using a dressing impregnated with an antiseptic, it must be borne in mind that antiseptics have selective activity against certain viruses and bacteria and thus cannot be used for general purposes, in addition, the drug also gradually evaporates.

Application PCTWO / 2011/009188, Patent US 5699791, as well as RF Patent for Utility Model No. 110937, IPC A41D 13/11, published on 12/10/2011, can be considered as an analogue, and the RF patent for Utility Model No. 135880 was chosen as the closest analogue. published on 12/27/2013).

A protective mask against poisoning with mercury vapor, containing a rectangular non-woven filter material, devices for attaching the mask to the head, a nasal carrier in the form of an elastic two-layer insert sewn from both sides into the edges of the long side of the rectangular non-woven filter material, it contains copper between the layers of the elastic insert a 0.1 mm thick grid with cells of 1.0-2.0 nm inserted between layers along an axial line running in the center of the long side of the rectangle.

The protective mask is made of cotton fabric.

Thus, well-known facial masks (dressings) have a limited shelf life. The disadvantages of the known masks and dressings should include the restrictions on their use in a humid environment, formed under the influence of the user's breath or due to rainy weather, because bacteria and viruses are well preserved in high humidity.

PM was taken as a prototype (Patent No. 143545 publ. July 27, 2014 IPC A41D 13/11). A protective mask against poisoning with mercury vapor, containing a rectangular non-woven filter material, devices for attaching the mask to the head, a nasal carrier in the form of an elastic two-layer insert sewn on both sides to the edges of the long side of the rectangular non-woven filter material, contains a copper mesh between the layers of the elastic nasal filter insert 0.1 mm thick with cells 1.0-2.0 nm, inserted between layers along an axial line running in the center of the long side of the rectangle, the copper mesh is covered with synthetic antimicrobial enamel tion resin (Revell EMAIL COLOR) nanoparticles with copper on both sides of a layer thickness of 0.01 nm. Protective mask with copper nanoparticles with a size of 10-16 nm and are part of the synthetic resin enamel (Revell EMAIL COLOR). The essence of the technical solution lies in the fact that the copper mesh is coated with antimicrobial enamel of synthetic resin with copper nanoparticles with a size of 10-16 nm, which allows you to protect the respiratory system and increase the duration of the protective device.

But the most common drawback of the studied analogues and prototype is the impossibility of using the described masks and dressings for the absolute protection of a person from poisoning by mercury vapor.

It is known that mercury and its vapors have the ability to dissolve many metals in themselves, forming partly liquid, partly hard alloys called amalgams with them. In this case, chemical compounds of mercury with metals are obtained. Gold amalgam is especially easily formed, as a result of which gold products should not come into contact with mercury, and mercury and mercury vapor interact with copper. On this basis, according to the prototype, a copper mesh was manufactured with cells of 1.0-2.0 nm and copper nanoparticles, which bends easily (mesh thickness 0.1 mm) and is an elastic mesh suitable for the manufacture of a protective mask against mercury vapor poisoning. The copper mesh can be easily removed from the layers of the elastic insert of the mantle of the mask, then treated with a 20% solution of FeCl ₃ or a 10% solution of KMnO ₄ acidified with hydrochloric acid.

Air purification is based on the fact that mercury vapors that are in the air and are the products of a shot are adsorbed on the surface of a copper mesh, thus being bound, i.e. chemical interaction between mercury and copper. As a result of the chemical interaction of mercury vapor with pure copper, amalgams are formed, which after a certain period of time (500 hours) are dissolved with a solution of FeCl ₃ or a solution of KMnO ₄ acidified with hydrochloric acid. After purification with amalgam solutions and coated with copper nanoparticles, copper can again be used to protect against mercury vapor poisoning, i.e. able to actively interact with mercury vapor. At the same time, copper activity is manifested both in a dry and in a humid atmosphere.

The essence of the useful prototype model is that the protective mask contains three built-in flexible inserts, the top - the nasal carrier serves to better fit the mask, taking into account the individual characteristics of the user's nose, the second is central for optimal fixation of the shape of the mask itself, it is horizontal in the middle of the mask, the third insert consists of a copper mesh with cells of 1.0-2.0 nm, while the copper mesh is coated with antimicrobial enamel synthetic resin (Revell EMAIL CLOR) with copper nanoparticles on both sides of a layer thickness of 100 nm, which is It is between two built-in inserts. This allows you to give and maintain the correct shape of the air pocket, prevents the mask from touching the mouth during inhalation, significantly reduces the risk of moisturizing the mask and transmitting infection, and also ensures the interaction of the copper mesh with the mercury vapors that form at the time of the shot, thereby protecting against vapor poisoning the mercury of a firing line officer in a shooting range.

Enamel synthetic resin (Revell EMAIL COLOR) with copper nanoparticles has antimicrobial properties (Internet resource: ... le83906.html).

It was noted earlier that mercury vapors are so small that they can penetrate a person’s respiratory tract if he constantly and for a long time works in conditions where the excess of MPC is ten times higher. Therefore, it is necessary to provide for the possibility of poisoning a person working in workshops where mercury lamps are processed and chemical processes occur using mercury in electrolysis shops. Additional protection is necessary for this and this work is aimed at creating more effective masks and more durable.

The utility model proposed by the authors additionally contains a magnetized iron mesh with magnetic ferrite powder and is inserted in the outer part of the mask in front of the copper mesh as the fourth insert used to protect the upper respiratory tract of a person.

Due to the particular danger of the effects of mercury vapor on human health, the proposed utility model has been developed.

A multilayer protective mask against mercury vapor poisoning, based on: a copper mesh coated with synthetic resin enamel (Revell EMAIL COLOR with copper nanoparticles 10-16 nm in size, which also has bactericidal properties and that the mercury vapor in the air, which are the products of the shot and products mercury vapor during the processing of mercury lamps is adsorbed on the surface of the copper grid and copper nanoparticles, and the mercury vapor binds to copper to form an amalgam. Since the copper grid has cells of 1.0-2.0 nm in size, the probability remains s penetration of mercury vapor through a mask. This additional layer has been used and magnetized metal grid mesh size of 1.0-2.0 nm iron coated with ferrite magnetic powder brand PYA6030.017TU a particle size of 1-500 nm.

It is known that magnets repel mercury vapors and thereby provide additional protection for a person from mercury vapor, i.e. mercury is one of the known diamagnetics, its diamagnetic effect (pushing an external magnetic field); (diamagnetic molar magnetic susceptibility is - 33.4 X _D × 10 ^-6 ) (http: //xn----8sbnaarbiedfksmiphlmncm1d9b0i.xn--plai/electrotechnicheskye-materialy/225-klassifikacya-magnitnyh-materialov.html and requirement for them).

A magnetized iron mesh coated with magnetic powder is placed in an ordinary medical mask in front of an enamelled copper mesh with copper nanoparticles, thus creating at least 2 protective layers, and given the fabric of the medical mask itself, it can be called a multilayer protective mask against mercury vapor poisoning.

The claimed technical solution is recommended for use by specialists working in the workshops for the processing of mercury-quartz and mercury lamps, employees of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, the Ministry of Defense of Russia, the Federal Security Service of Russia, the Federal Drug Control Service of Russia, whose job responsibilities include organizing and conducting classes with personnel of firing training units located at the firing line and monitoring the results of firing training. The mask can also be useful in military units during exercises, carrying out patrol and guard duty, and participating in military operations and operations. The utility model can be used in medicine to protect against viruses, pathogenic bacteria that are transmitted by airborne droplets from person to person or animals to person.

The technical results achieved by using the claimed utility model are:

- expansion of the arsenal of protective equipment, protective masks and dressings;

- ensuring the protection of a person from poisoning by mercury vapor in the performance of their duties.

Technical results are achieved through the use of a protective mask against poisoning with mercury vapor, containing a rectangular non-woven filter material, devices for attaching the mask to the head, a nasal carrier in the form of an elastic two-layer insert sewn on both sides to the edges of the long side of the rectangular non-woven filter material, and Between the layers of the elastic insert of the nasal, a magnetized iron mesh with magnetic ferrite powder with particle sizes from 1-500 nm and a copper mesh 0.1 mm thick with cells and 1.0-2.0 nm, coated with antimicrobial enamel of synthetic resin (Revell EMAIL COLOR) with nanoparticles (sizes 10-16 nm) of copper on both sides with a layer thickness of 100 nm, inserted between the layers along the center line along the center of the long side a rectangle, while the protective base of the mask can be made of cotton fabric.

Example 1. A comparative analysis of the mercury content on the inner surface of the mask, made according to the utility model, after 20, 500, 1000 shots with the mercury content on the inner surface of the mask of the prototype (Patent No. 143545 publ. 27.07.2014 IPC A41D 13/11). The mercury content after 1000 rounds is 0.060, and the prototype 0.080 mg / cm ² · 10 ^-4 .

Brief description of the drawing.

In FIG. 1 - implementation option.

The protective mask 1, made of non-woven breathable material 2, contains a scaffold 3 in the form of an elastic insert 4 and another flexible insert 5 located along the axial line 6, which is centered along the long side of the rectangle. For a better fit to the face, the material may have a pleated surface in the form of folds 7. To attach the mask to the head, earloop devices can be used 8. It is also possible to use ties as a device for attaching the mask to the head with the formation of a knot on the occipital region. The location of the flexible insert 5 extending along the center center line 6 may be different relative to the latter. The insert 5 may be located exactly along line 6, be parallel to it, or intersect with it or its extension at an acute angle. A metal copper mesh 9 is inserted between the layers of the elastic insert of the platypus 3 from two sides into the base of the protective mask 1.

Analyzing the data of the prototype and the proposed utility model, we can conclude that the copper grid according to the prototype 0.1 mm thick with cells 0.1-0.2 nm performs its function, copper adsorbs, chemically interacts with mercury vapor, and thus the copper grid 9, coated on both sides with an enamel of synthetic resin with copper nanoparticles with a layer thickness of 100 nm, is inserted between the layers of the elastic insert of the carrier 3 on both sides into the base of the protective mask in FIG. 2 shows a copper mesh coated on both sides with synthetic enamel with copper nanoparticles (top view - 10); and magnetized iron mesh - 11, 12 - magnetic ferrite powder; in FIG. 3, the protective mesh has a sectional view (9 — copper mesh, 10 — enamel layer, 11 — magnetized iron mesh, 12 — magnetic ferrite powder).

Implementation of a utility model.

Mercury vapor in the air is repelled by a magnetized iron grid coated with magnetic ferrite powder and does not penetrate further into the human respiratory tract. Even if they penetrate further into the respiratory tract at a very high concentration of mercury vapor in the air, they will be retained by copper with copper nanoparticles, forming an amalgam.

Thus, mercury vapors are completely trapped by a multilayer face shield.

As a material for the manufacture of masks, any kind of existing chemically interacting with mercury and adsorbing filter materials can be used. For example, such as a copper mesh with cells of 1.0-2.0 nm, coated with antimicrobial enamel of synthetic resin (Revell EMAIL COLOR) with nanoparticles (size 10-16 nm) of copper on both sides with a layer thickness of 100 nm, an elastic two-layer insert material, sewn from both sides into the edges of the long side of a rectangular non-woven filter material and a magnetized iron mesh with magnetic ferrite powder, which form a magnetic field capable of repelling mercury vapor, which is inserted in front of the copper mesh.

As a device for attaching the mask to the head, you can use ear loops, which are a round cord, inside which is an elastic band, dressed in a braid made of fabric, which is attached to the blank of the protective mask. The elastic polymers of the insert have a thin metal core in the middle.

Claims (1)

A multilayer protective mask against poisoning with mercury vapor, containing a rectangular non-woven filter material, devices for attaching the mask to the head, a scaffold in the form of an elastic two-layer insert sewn on both sides to the edges of the long side of the non-woven filter material of a rectangular shape, a copper mesh between the layers of the elastic insert 0.1 mm thick with cells 1.0-2.0 nm, inserted between layers along an axial line running in the center of the long side of the rectangle (Revell EMAIL COLOR) with copper nanoparticles on both sides the thickness of the layer is 100 nm, characterized in that between the layers of the elastic insert of the nanoscale is additionally inserted from the outer part of the mask in front of the copper mesh a magnetized iron mesh 0.1 mm thick, cells 1-2 nm with magnetic ferrite powder with particle sizes of 1-500 nm.

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