RU15799U1 - UNIVERSAL RANDOM ALTERNATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A universal random signal generator containing a frequency-dependent element, a time quantizer, a constant voltage source, an inverter, a relay and a random signal source, the output of which is connected to a relay input, the output of a constant voltage source through a first relay opening contact is connected to a frequency-dependent element input , the output of the threshold element through the first closing contact of the relay is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of which through the second opening contact of the relay is connected to the input of inv A generator whose output is connected to the quantizer’s input in time, the output of a frequency-dependent element through a second closing contact of the relay is connected to the quantizer’s input in time, characterized in that a group of N blocks of threshold elements, a group of N multiplexers, a switch, a group are introduced into it of N delay elements, a group of N keys, a reference voltage setting unit and a control unit, the output of which is connected to a random signal source, the output of which is connected to a relay input, the output of a constant voltage source through the first relay opening contact is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of the threshold element through the first relay closing contact is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of which through the second relay contact is connected to the inverter input, the output of which is connected to the time quantizer input, the output a frequency-dependent element through a second closing contact of the relay is connected to the quantizer input in time, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the blocks of threshold elements, the outputs of which are connected to

Description

The utility model relates to the field of automatic control and can be used in modeling and testing control systems and their elements.

A well-known random number generator (Aut. St. USSR No. 1599856, class G 06 F 7/58 10/15/90 Bull. No. 38), containing the first memory block, the sensor of evenly distributed random numbers, the first adder, four registers, four elements OR , the first delay element, a multiplexer, a comparison circuit, a synchronization node, wherein the first output of the synchronization node is connected to the first inputs of the first and second OR elements, the second output of the synchronization node is connected to the first input of the third OR element, the second input of the first OR element is connected to the second inputs of the second and t and with the first input of the fourth OR element, the start input of the synchronization unit, and is the generator start input, the output of the first OR element is connected to the read permission input of the first memory block, the first, second and third information outputs of which are connected respectively to the information inputs of the first, second and third registers whose clock inputs are connected to the output of the first delay element, the input of which is connected to the output of the second element OR, the address input of the first memory block is connected to the output of mult plexor, the first information input of which is connected to the output of the fourth register, the output of the third OR element is connected to the control input of the multiplexer, the second information input of which is connected to the output of the first adder, the output of the fourth OR element is connected to the clock input of the sensor evenly distributed random numbers, the output of the first register is connected with the input for setting the mode of the synchronization node, two registers, a multiplexer block, a counter, a second and third memory blocks, an And element, a second total are entered into the generator , a second delay element, the second register output connected to the first input of the comparison circuit, the second input of which is connected to information; the ion input of the multiplexer unit and the fifth register output, the information input of which is connected to the output of the evenly distributed random numbers sensor, the fifth register clock input connected to the third output of the synchronization unit, the control input of the multiplexer unit is connected to the output of the second memory unit, the read permission input of which is connected to the output of the second element ratio, whose input is connected to a fourth output node

synchronization, the senior bit address inputs of the second memory block are connected to the corresponding bit outputs of the sixth register, the lower bit address inputs of the second memory block are connected to the bit output of the counter, the clock input and reset input of which are connected to the fifth and sixth outputs of the synchronization node, the output of the multiplexer block is connected the first input of the second adder, the second input of which is connected to the output of the element And, the first input of which is connected to the output element And is connected to the seventh output of the synchronization node, the output of the second adder is connected to the first information input of the first adder, the second information input of which is connected to the output of the third register and to the address input of the third memory block, the output of which is the output of the generator, the clock input of the first adder is connected to the eighth the output of the synchronization node, the read permission input of the third memory block is connected to the ninth output of the synchronization node, the tenth output of the synchronization node is connected to the second input of the fourth of the OR.

A well-known random number generator (Ed. St. USSR No. 1580358, class G 06 F 7/58 07/23/90 Bull. G227), containing the first and second sensors of uniformly distributed random numbers, a delay element, the first and second blocks of elements And , the first and second memory blocks, a memory register, a divider and a decoder, and the output of the delay element is connected to the control; by their inputs of the first and second blocks of elements And, the output of the first sensor of uniformly distributed random numbers is connected to the information input of the first block of elements And, the output of which is connected with the entrance of affairs a divider whose input is connected to the output of the second block of AND elements, the information input of which is connected to the information output of the memory register, the output of the divider is connected to the input of the decoder, the output of which is connected to the address inputs of the first and second memory blocks, two multipliers are introduced into the generator, a generator clock pulses, a timer, a block of delay elements and an adder, wherein the input of the polling generator is the trigger input of the clock generator, the output of which is connected to the input of the delay element, with the input of the polling of the first sensor of uniformly distributed random numbers and with the input of the polling of the second sensor of uniformly distributed random numbers, the output of which is connected to the input of the subtracted subtractor and to the input of the block of delay elements, the output of which is connected to the input of the first factor of the first multiplier, the input of the reduced subtractor is connected to the bus constants, the output of the subtractor is connected to the input of the first factor of the second multiplier, the input of the second factor of which is connected to

 By the output of the second memory block, the output of the second multiplier is connected to the input of the first term of the adder, the input of the second term of which is connected to the output of the first multiplier, the input of the second factor of which is connected to the output of the second memory block, the output of the adder is the information output of the generator.

A known random number generator (Aut. St. USSR No. 1640688, class G 06 F 7/58 04/07/91 Bull. No. 13) containing two random number sensors with uniform distribution, two subtractors, four multipliers, a comparison unit, the first block division, key, delay element, block for setting distribution parameters and a clock pulse generator, the output of which is connected to the start input of the first random number generator with uniform distribution, the output of which is connected to the input of the subtracted first subtractor, the output is greater than or equal to the comparison unit the input key input, the output of which is the output of the generator, characterized in that, in order to improve performance, a fifth multiplier, a third subtractor, a second division unit and a distribution density calculation unit are introduced into it, the output of which is connected to the first input of the comparison unit, the output of the first sensor random numbers with a uniform distribution is connected to the first inputs of the first and second multipliers, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third multiplier, the output of which is connected to the input of the divider of the first block is divided I, whose output is connected to the input of the distribution density calculation unit and through the delay element to the information input of the key, the output of the second random number generator with uniform distribution is connected to the first input of the fourth multiplier, to the second input of the first scribbler and to the input of the subtracted second subtractor, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second multiplier, the output of the first multiplier is connected to the input of the subtracted third subtractor, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the dividend of the first and second division blocks Whose output is coupled to a second input of the comparator, the outputs of subtractors minuend generator unit connected to the reference input ,. the output of the first viiator is connected to the second input of the fourth multiplier, the output of which is connected to the first input of the fifth multiplier, the output of which is connected to the input of the divider of the second division unit, the outputs of the distribution parameter setting unit are connected to the second inputs of the third and fifth multipliers.

The disadvantage of these devices is the limited functionality, namely the lack of the ability to generate a signal with a given spectrum and distribution.

jMl) {./. 3f closest to the technical essence of the generator

random signal, selected as the prototype, is a generator of evenly distributed random signals according to Auth. St. USSR No. 1092502 (class G 06 F 7/58, 05.15.84. Bull. No. 18), containing a frequency-dependent element, a time quantizer, a constant voltage source, an inverter, a relay and a random signal source, the output of which is connected to the input relay, the output of the DC voltage source through the first NC contact of the relay is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of the threshold element through the first NC contact of the relay is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of which through the second NC contact of the relay is connected to the input of the inverter, the output of which is connected to the quantizer input in time, the output of the frequency-dependent element through the second closing contact of the relay is connected to the quantizer input in time, the output of which is the generator output and connected to the input of the threshold element.

The disadvantage of this device is the limited functionality, namely the lack of the ability to generate a signal with a given spectrum and distribution.

The objective of the utility model is to expand the functionality of the random number generator by representing the given / properties of a random signal in the form of a transition probability matrix of a Markov chain, which allows generating a signal with a given spectrum and distribution.

A universal random signal generator containing a frequency-dependent element, a time quantizer, a constant voltage source, an inverter, a relay and a random signal source, the output of which is connected to the relay input, the output of the constant voltage source through the first relay opening contact is connected to the frequency-dependent element input, output threshold element through the first closing contact of the relay is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, output: one of which through the second opening contact of the relay is connected to the input of inv For a generator whose output is connected to the quantizer’s input in time, the output of a frequency-dependent element through a second closing contact of the relay is connected to the quantizer’s input in time. In contrast to the prototype, the task is solved in that a group of N blocks of threshold elements, a group of N multiplexers, a switch, a group of N delay elements, a group of N keys, a reference voltage setting unit and a control unit are introduced into the universal random signal generator the output of which is connected to a random signal source, the output of which is connected to a relay input, the output of a constant voltage source through

 //// 5 (7

the first NC contact of the relay is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of the threshold element through the first NC contact of the relay is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of which through the second NC of the relay is connected to the input of the inverter, the output of which is connected to the quantizer input in time, the output is frequency the dependent element through the second closing contact of the relay is connected to the input of the quantizer in time, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the blocks of threshold elements, the outputs of which are connected to .in formation inputs of multiplexers, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the delay elements, the outputs of which are connected to the first information inputs of the keys, the second output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the keys, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the multiplexers, the outputs of which are also connected to the control inputs of the switch, the second information the key inputs, with the exception of the first, are grounded, the second information input of the first key is connected to a constant voltage source, the output of which also connected to the inputs of the reference voltage setting unit, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the switched signals of the switch, the output of which is the output of the generator.

The essence of the generator is illustrated by drawings. In FIG. 1. shows a block diagram of a generator. In FIG. 2 shows the response characteristics of threshold elements in the circuit.

The universal random signal generator contains a control unit 1, the first output of which is connected to a random signal source 2, the output of which is connected to the input of the relay 3, the output of the DC voltage source 4 through the first NC contact of the relay 3 is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element 5, the output of the threshold element 6 through the first make contact of the relay 3 is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element 5, the output of which through the second break contact of the relay 3 is connected to the input of the inverter 7, the output of which is connected to the input of the time-shifter 8, the output of the frequency-dependent element 5 through the second closing contact of the relay 3 is connected to the input of the quantizer 8 in time, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the blocks of threshold elements 9, the outputs of which are connected to the information inputs of the multiplexers 10, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the elements delays 11, the outputs of which are connected to the first information inputs of the keys 12, the second output of the control unit 1 is connected to the control inputs of the keys 12, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the multiplexer 10, the outputs of which are connected

SMw // Y / 6f

also with control inputs of the switch13, second

information inputs of keys 12i, ..., N, grounded, second

the information input of the first key 1 is connected to the source 4

DC voltage, the output of which is also connected to the inputs of the reference voltage setting unit 14, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the switched signals of the switch 13, the output of which is the output of the generator.

The generator operates as follows.

The control unit 1 generates a signal U (t) in the form of a single step function, triggering a random signal source 2, which generates a signal Z (t) that is constant over the intervals and,,, 2, ..., where the quantization time interval of quantizer 8, and taking on these intervals the values of O and 1 with probability q and, respectively, the values of Zn Z (, and 1,2, ..., in aggregate, are statistically independent. With Zn, the input of the functional converter is connected to the output of threshold element 6, and the output to the quantizer input 8 in time, and with Z «О the input pre verters receives a constant signal U and its output connected to the input of inverter 7.

The relationship (X) between the values of the output signal of the Y-input signal X of the threshold element 6 is determined by the expression (X} where S is a given positive value.

The frequency dependent element 5 has a transfer function

/ h 1t

(P) -, where

1t- o

1- pTIn 2

the gain K of the inverter 7 is 1/2, and the magnitude of the constant signal at the output of the source 4 is 2S. Then, if Zn, then

Xn + i 2XK-Q (XK} f (XK}, (1)

if 0, then

Xk + 1 8-Xn (p (Xk}, (2)

where X (AO.

Combining expressions (1) and (2), we have

Xn + 1 Znf (XK} (- Zn} f (Xn) 0,1,2, ... (3)

Expression (3) defines a transformation for the segment O, S preserving the Lebesgue measure. If, S, then the sequence Xn, n 1,2, .. with probability 1 is a statistically representative

f Q,

V s

implementation of a sequence of uncorrelated random

quantities having a uniform distribution in the interval O, S,

Uniformly distributed random signal Xd comes from the output

a time quantizer 8 to the inputs of blocks of 9 threshold elements, each of which contains N threshold elements, and the output of each k-ro threshold element in the block is connected to the information input of the corresponding multiplexer 10. FIG. 2 presented

response characteristics of the threshold elements of the blocks 9. The areas of the figures bounded by the axis of the input values of the random signal, S, S l and the response characteristics of the threshold elements, are proportional to the elements of the transition matrix of the Markov chain transition probabilities. Each of the blocks 9 of threshold elements generates at one of its outputs a single step signal supplied to the corresponding multiplexer.

At the control inputs of the multiplexers 10, through a group of keys 12, a signal is supplied that corresponds to the previous (S-l) -OMy step in the S-OM operation step of the generator.

In the case when the control inputs 2, ..., N of multiplexers 10 do not receive a signal, which corresponds to logical О, and the control inputs 1 of multiplexers 10 receive a signal from a constant voltage source corresponding to logical 1.

In the case when, at the control inputs of the multiplexers 10, a signal corresponding to the first information inputs of the keys 12 is received, namely, the signal from the outputs of the delay elements 11, which is the output signal of the multiplexers 10 in the previous step of the generator.

The signal in the form of a single step function, which is formed at the outputs of the multiplexers 10 at the Sth step of the generator’s operation, is fed to the control inputs of the switch 13, to the inputs of the switched signals of which signals from the unit 14 for setting the reference voltages corresponding to the midpoints N of sampling intervals according to the Markov circuit level are supplied . As a result

switching output of the switch 13 generates a random signal with a given spectrum and distribution.

Thus, the claimed utility model allows you to generate a random signal with any spectrum and distribution, which is achieved by presenting the specified properties of a random signal in the form of a matrix of transition probabilities of a Markov chain.

Claims (1)

A universal random signal generator containing a frequency-dependent element, a time quantizer, a constant voltage source, an inverter, a relay and a random signal source, the output of which is connected to a relay input, the output of a constant voltage source through a first relay opening contact is connected to a frequency-dependent element input , the output of the threshold element through the first closing contact of the relay is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of which through the second opening contact of the relay is connected to the input of inv A generator whose output is connected to the quantizer’s input in time, the output of a frequency-dependent element through a second closing contact of the relay is connected to the quantizer’s input in time, characterized in that it contains a group of N blocks of threshold elements, a group of N multiplexers, a switch, a group of N delay elements, a group of N keys, a reference voltage setting unit and a control unit, the output of which is connected to a random signal source, the output of which is connected to a relay input, the output of a constant voltage source through the first relay opening contact is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of the threshold element through the first relay closing contact is connected to the input of the frequency-dependent element, the output of which through the second relay contact is connected to the inverter input, the output of which is connected to the time quantizer input, the output a frequency-dependent element through a second closing contact of the relay is connected to the quantizer input in time, the output of which is connected to the inputs of the blocks of threshold elements, the outputs of which are connected to the input inputs of the multiplexers, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the delay elements, the outputs of which are connected to the first information inputs of the keys, the second output of the control unit is connected to the control inputs of the keys, the outputs of which are connected to the control inputs of the multiplexers, the outputs of which are also connected to the control inputs of the switch, the second information the key inputs, with the exception of the first, are grounded, the second information input of the first key is connected to a constant voltage source, the output of which oedinen also inputs the reference voltage setting unit which outputs are connected to inputs dial signals switch whose output is the output of the generator.