RU155303U1 - CODE LOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A combination lock comprising a housing, a cover, a bolt made in the form of parallel rods rigidly mounted between each other, a bolt extension lever, a code system consisting of locking disks mounted on a common axis with the possibility of free rotation, and intermediate elements fixed from turns, with holes for the common axis, spring-loaded with code disks in a package, moreover, a groove is made on the rim of each disk, and angular fixation is made for their discrete rotation; the drive of the code system and a spring-loaded locking bolt for locking the bolt, characterized in that a sleeve with a hole coaxial with the axis of the locking discs is rigidly eccentrically mounted on the lock case from the inside of the lock, in which the locking lock of the code system and the axial displacement lock are located; the bolts of the crossbar are rigidly mounted to each other, for example, by connecting screws having restrictive stops, and a finger is mounted on one of the rods; on the common axis belonging to the spindle with reciprocating and rotational movement, the bolt extension lever is freely installed; the spindle is equipped with a key, annular grooves, a radial hole and control knobs at the ends of the spindle, providing a drive for the code system, for which curly holes are made on locking disks that can rotate independently of each other and on the lever of the bolt extension; for interacting with the bolt of the bolt rod on the lever for extending the bolt, a groove is made, and for tightening the locking discs and intermediate elements, at least two spacer springs symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation are mounted in the bag;

Description

The invention relates to locking devices, in particular to combination locks, which can be widely used for locking residential and non-residential premises, safes, garages, etc.

Known combination lock containing a bolt made of parallel rods, rigidly mounted between each other, a code system consisting of locking code disks with grooves mounted on a common axis with the possibility of free rotation, and intermediate washers fixed from rotation, the code system drive and spring-loaded locking bolt lock bolt (RF patent No. 2046923 CL. E05B 37/02 1995).

The main disadvantages of this combination lock are the difficulties of setting up a specific code, dialing a code and changing a code, which cause the inconvenience of using this lock.

A code lock is also known, comprising a housing, a cover, a bolt, a lever for extending the bolt, a code system consisting of locking code disks mounted on a common axis with the possibility of free rotation, and intermediate elements fixed from turns, with holes for a common axis, spring-loaded with code disks in a package, moreover, a groove is made on the rim of each disk, and angular fixation is made for their discrete rotation; drive of the code system and a spring-loaded locking pin for locking the bolt (ed. St. USSR No. 896233 class. E05B 37/02 1982).

The well-known combination lock along with the simplicity of the device has the following disadvantages. To open the lock outside the premises, first all the disks must be turned with the key several times to the side for the starting position, for example, according to the adjustment, clockwise, typing the first digit of the code on the disk farthest from the key, then rotate all the disks except the far one counterclockwise, one revolution less by typing the second digit of the code, then rotate the third disk clockwise to dial the third digit of the code.

Since the master and slave pins in the disks are sized, any key rotations will be larger than the necessary rotations of the disks except the one closest to the key, and since the disks are rotated through the master and slave pins, i.e. are dependent on each other, the number of variants of the code of a known lock is less than that in the designs of combination locks with independent rotation of disks.

This work of the code system as a whole is very difficult to set up, to change the code and very inconvenient for users.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the usability of the lock and increase the number of code variants.

To achieve this technical result, in a combination lock containing a housing, a cover, a bolt made in the form of parallel rods, rigidly mounted between each other, a bolt extension lever, a code system consisting of locking disks mounted on a common axis with the possibility of free rotation, and intermediate elements fixed from turns, with holes for a common axis, spring-loaded with code disks in a package, moreover, a groove is made on the rim of each disk, and angular fixation is made for their discrete rotation; the drive of the code system and a spring-loaded locking bolt for locking the bolt; on the lock case inside the room, a sleeve with a hole coaxial with the axis of the locking discs is rigidly mounted eccentrically, in which the locking lock of the code system and the axial displacement lock are located.

The bolt rods are rigidly mounted to each other, for example, by connecting screws having restrictive stops, and a finger is mounted on one of the rods. On the common axis belonging to the spindle with reciprocating and rotational movement, the bolt extension lever is freely mounted. The spindle is equipped with a key, ring grooves, a radial hole and control knobs at the ends of the spindle, providing the drive of the code system, for which curly holes are made on locking disks that can rotate independently of each other and on the lever of the extension of the bolt. To interact with the bolt of the bolt rod, a groove is made on the bolt extension lever, and for preloading the locking discs and intermediate elements, at least two spacer springs symmetrically located relative to the rotation axis are mounted on the bolt extension lever, while the intermediate elements are made in the form of plate spacers, fixed from turns on two axes and having holes sufficient for free rotation of the spindle with a key.

For angular fixation on the locking disk closest to the bolt extension lever, several recesses are made around the circumference, equal to the number of code variants of each of the disks, and on the adjacent plate spacer there are at least two symmetrically located bulges. The spring-loaded locking bolt lock the bolt has a hole coaxial with the axis of the limit stop of one of the connecting bolts of the bolt when the lock is open; in addition, the latch is equipped with a plate flag perpendicular to the axis of the spindle and adjacent to the plane of the bolt extension lever, and a hole is made in the plate flag coaxial with the axis of the spindle even with one locking disc locked to a code.

The diameter of the flag hole should correspond, in general, to the requirements of double inequality:

D + h <D _resp <D + 2h,

where D _resp - the diameter of the hole flag

D is the spindle diameter,

h is the height of the tongue over the diameter D.

In the particular case, when a round-section key is installed on the spindle along its axis, the necessary and sufficient radius of the hole of the lock lock flag is determined by the formula:

where R _resp - the radius of the hole flag

R is the radius of the spindle,

k is the radius of the keys,

α is the angle of rotation of the bolt extension lever when the bolt moves from closing to opening the lock.

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed combination lock, general view, the cover and control handle are not shown, the code disks are locked and the lock is closed;

in FIG. 2 is the same as in FIG. 1, but the code disks are unlocked, the lock is closed;

in FIG. 3 is the same as in FIG. 2, but the disks are unlocked, the lock is open;

in FIG. 4 is the same as in FIG. 1, but the disks are locked, the lock is open;

in FIG. 5 is a section AA in FIG. 7;

in FIG. 6 is a section BB in FIG. one;

in FIG. 7 is a section BB of FIG. 5;

in FIG. 8 - locking bolt lock;

in FIG. 9 - pressure spacer;

in FIG. 10 - dividing disk;

in FIG. 11 - kinematics of the castle.

The combination lock contains a housing 7, a cover 2, a bolt, consisting, for example, of two parallel rods 3 and 4, rigidly mounted to each other by connecting screws 5 and 6, made with limit stops 7 and 8.

The lock code system consists of several locking code disks 9, 10, 11, 12 with grooves 13 mounted on a common axis belonging to the spindle 14, with the possibility of free rotation independently of each other. The spindle 14 is mounted in the housing 1 with the possibility of reciprocating and rotational motion. A sleeve 15 with an opening for the spindle 14 is rigidly mounted on the housing 1 from the inside of the room, in which a spring-loaded clamp of axial step movements 16 and a lock stop of the code system 17 are placed. To interact with parts 16 and 17, ring grooves 18 are made on the spindle 14 with a step corresponding to the distance between the disks, and the radial hole 19. To drive the code system on the spindle 14 mounted key 20 of rectangular or circular cross section, interacting with the locking discs 9, 10, 11, 12 and with the extension lever the bolt 21, which is freely mounted on the spindle with the possibility of rotation, for which on all code disks and on the lever 21 there are shaped holes 22. To control the movements of the spindle 14, control knobs 23 and 24 with direction indicators 25 are mounted at its ends. Intermediate elements between all code disks are made in the form of plate spacers 26 and 27, fixed from rotations on two axes 28 and 29 and having a round hole 30 for free rotation and axial movement of the spindle 14 with the key 20.

A groove 31 is made on the extension lever of the bolt 21 for interacting with the finger 32 of the bolt rod 3, and for pressing all the locking discs and plate spacers 26 and 27 into the bag, at least two springs 33 are mounted symmetrically relative to the axis of rotation. To fix the rotation angles of the disks on the locking disk 12, closest to the extension lever of the crossbar 21, several recesses 34 are made around the circumference, equal to the number of code variants of each of the locking disks, and at least two bumps 35 are made on an adjacent plate spacer 27. A spring-loaded clamp 36 lock bolt 37 has a protrusion 38, in contact with the ends of all locking discs, and a hole 39, coaxial with the axis of the limit stop 7, when the lock is open.

In addition, the locking bolt lock bolt 37 is equipped with a plate flag 40, perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 14 and adjacent to the plane of the lever of the extension of the bolt 21. In the plate flag 40, a hole 41 is made coaxial with the axis of the spindle 14 even with one locking disk locked for code. The diameter of the hole 41 of the flag 40 should correspond, in the General case, the requirements of the double inequality indicated in the formula of the utility model, and which is applicable for installation on the spindle 14 of the key 20 of any section.

This inequality means, firstly, that the diameter of the hole 41 must be less than the diameter of the circle caused by the rotation of the spindle 14 with the key 20 a full revolution; this is necessary to block their effect on the extension lever of the bolt 21 with an incorrectly typed code; secondly, the diameter of the hole 41 of the flag 10 must be larger than the diameter of the spindle 14 with the protrusion of the keys 20, so that they can act on the extension lever of the bolt 21 with the correctly entered code.

In the particular case, when the round key is mounted on the spindle 14, the double inequality turns into an exact formula for determining the radius of the circle of the hole 41 of the flag 40.

The proposed castle operates as follows.

1. Opening the door with a lock locked on a code from the outside of the room.

In the lock, locked with a code, the spindle 14 with the handle 24 can be freely rotated and axially displaced to the right, until the keys 20 stop, into the plate flag 40 of the bolt lock lock 37 (Fig. 5), or to the left by introducing the key 20 of the spindle 14 sequentially into curly the holes of the code disks 12, 11, 10 and 9.

1.1. Set the correct code.

First, using the handle 24, the spindle 14 with the key 20 is introduced into the housing 1 from itself, i.e. from right to left (Fig. 5), rotating it in any direction. Passing sequentially through the figured holes of the disks 12, 11, 10 and 9, the key 20 rests against the housing 1 with its left end face. This is the initial position when entering the code. Rotating the spindle 14 with the handle 24 in any direction, but not shifting it along the axis, the key 20 dials the correct code number on the disk 9 using the rotation angle indicator 25. Discrete rotation of the spindle when entering the code is ensured by the interaction of the recesses 34 of the disk 12 and the bulges 35 on an adjacent spacer 27 (Fig. 9, 10), which is felt visually by the fingers as the presence of clicks. Further, without rotating the spindle 14, pull it with a handle onto itself, i.e. to the right, one step. At the same time, the key 20 comes out of the figured groove of the disk 9. One-step movement of the spindle along the axis is facilitated by the interaction of the annular grooves 18 with a spring-loaded axial displacement lock 16, which is felt visually with the fingers, like the presence of a click. Now, by turning the spindle in any direction, the correct code on the disk 10 is dialed using the rotation angle indicator 25. Next, the spindle 14 is pushed to the right one more step, the correct code is entered on the disk 11, and finally, the correct code on the disk 12 is dialed. the dialed codes, all the grooves 13 of the disks 9, 10, 11, 12 line up in a row (Fig. 2). In this case, the protrusion 38 of the locking lock of the crossbar 37 is deepened into the grooves 13 of the disks. Under the action of the spring 36, the latch 37 is rotated by a certain angle, releasing the limit stop 7 of the bolt rod 3. In this case, in the plate flag 40, the hole 41 is shifted down to contact with the surface of the spindle 14, and a crescent-shaped window is formed (Figs. 2, 8, 11). The lock is unlocked and ready to open.

1.2. Opening the door with an unlocked lock.

After typing the correct code on the disk 12, the spindle 14, without rotating, is shifted onto itself, i.e. to the right (Fig. 5) so that the key 20 comes out of the figured hole of the disk 12 and makes right-hand contact with the plate flag 40. Next, the spindle 14 is continued to shift towards itself and rotate clockwise so that the key 20 through the window of the lowered flag 40 in the form the crescent from the hole 41 entered the figured hole 22 of the extension lever of the bolt 21 (Fig. 2, 11), which with its groove 31 during rotation of the spindle acts on the finger 32 of the rod 3 of the bolt in the opening direction, i.e. to the right (Fig. 3). The limit stop 7 freed from blocking does not interfere with the movement of the rods 3 and 4 of the crossbar until the stop 8 touches the wall of the housing (Fig. 3). The castle is open.

2. Locking the door with an unlocked code lock on the outside of the room.

Previously, the spindle 14 must be shifted to the right (Fig. 5) so that the key 20 fits into the figured hole 22 of the extension lever of the crossbar 21.

First, the handle 24 you need to rotate the spindle 14 counterclockwise, without moving it along the axis. In this case, the extension lever of the bolt 21 with its groove 31 acts on the finger 32 of the bolt rod 3, which moves to the left, toward the locking of the door, until the stop 7 touches the housing 1 (Fig. 7). The lock is locked. Now you need to knock down the correctly dialed code. For this, the handle 24 of the spindle 14 is moved, without rotating, from itself, i.e. from right to left, and the key 20 is removed from the figured hole of the extension lever of the bolt 27 (Fig. 5). Then, rotating the spindle 14 in any direction, they continue to move it away from themselves until the key 20 enters sequentially into the figured holes of the disks 12, 11, 10 and 9, knocking down the correct codes, and the left end of the key 20 touches the housing 7 (Fig. 5) . When the disks rotate, the protrusion 38 of the locking bolt of the deadbolt 37 locks out of the grooves 13 of the code disks and rises, i.e. the latch returns to its original position (Fig. 1), blocking the limit stop 7 of the rod 3 of the crossbar. Now, the spindle 14 can be pulled onto itself, freely rotating, until the key 20 stops in the plate flag 40. The code is down, the lock is locked.

3. Locking the doors with an unlocked lock from the inside of the room.

This action can, for the convenience of the user, be carried out in two ways.

3.1. According to the first method, the spindle 14 is completely locked. After the lock has been unlocked and opened, the handle 23 must be used to rotate the spindle 14 clockwise when viewed from the inside of the room, without moving the spindle axially, i.e. move the rod 7 to the right with the extension lever of the crossbar 21 until it touches the housing 1 (Fig. 3, 1). In this case, the radial hole 19 of the spindle 14, turning, will be coaxial with the axis of the lock stop of the code system 17 (Fig. 7), and this stop can be inserted into the hole 19 of the spindle 14. The spindle is completely locked.

3.2. In the second method, an unlocked and open lock is locked with a code.

Here, all actions with the spindle 14 should be a mirror image of the action with the spindle when locking the lock outside the room (see paragraph 2).

Pre-spindle 14 must be shifted to the right (Fig. 5), i.e. in the extreme position away from yourself, if you look from the inside of the room so that the key 20 fits into the figured hole 22 of the extension lever of the bolt 21. First, handle 23 rotate the spindle 14 clockwise, without shifting it along the axis. In this case, the extension lever of the bolt 21 with the groove 31 acts on the finger 32 of the bolt rod 3, which moves to the right, toward the door locking, until the stop 7 touches the housing 1 (Fig. 1). The lock is closed. Now you need to knock down the correctly dialed code. To do this, handle 23, the spindle 14 is pulled, without rotating, on itself, i.e. from right to left (Fig. 5), and the key 20 is removed from the figured hole of the extension arm of the bolt 21. Then, rotating the spindle 14 in any direction, continue to move it towards itself until the key 20 enters the figured holes of the disks 12, 11, 10 and 9, knocking down the correct codes, and the left end of the key 20 will touch the housing 1 (Fig. 5). When the disks rotate, the protrusion 38 of the lock lock of the deadbolt 37 exits the grooves 13 of the code disks and rises; the latch returns to its original position (Fig. 1), blocking the limit stop 7 of the rod 3 of the crossbar. Now the spindle 14 can be freely rotated and shifted in the axial direction to the right, up to the stop of the keys 20 in the plate flag 40. The code is down, the lock is locked.

4. Opening the doors with a lock, locked with a code, inside the room.

Here, the actions with the lock are made by the handle 23 of the spindle 14, based on the locking methods.

4.1. If the lock is unlocked and locked by the lock stop of the code system 17 (Section 3.1), then this stop must be removed from the radial hole 19 of the spindle 14. Next, you need to rotate the spindle 14 counterclockwise if you look from the inside of the room without moving it along the axis, t. e. With the lever for extending the crossbar 21, move the crossbar rod 6 to the left until it touches the housing (Fig. 3). The castle is open from the inside.

4.2. If the lock inside the room is locked by a code (Section 3.2), then it must first be unlocked by dialing the correct code, and then opened. Here the actions with the spindle are a mirror image of the actions with the spindle when the lock is unlocked outside the premises (Section 1.1).

Note. A lock locked on a code from the inside of the room opens from the outside according to paragraph 1.

4.2.1. Set the correct code.

First, the handle 23 spindle 14 with the key 20 is pulled into the housing 1 on itself, i.e. from right to left (Fig. 5), rotating it in any direction. Passing through the figured holes of the disks 12, 11, 10.9, the key 20 rests against the housing 1 with its left end. This is the initial position when entering the code. Further, rotating the spindle 14 with the handle 23 in any direction, but not shifting it along the axis, the key 20 dials the correct code number on the disk 9 using the rotation angle indicator 25. The discrete rotation of the spindle when entering the code is ensured by the interaction of the recesses 34 of the disk 12 and the bulges 35 on adjacent spacer 27, which feels like clicks. Then, without rotating, the spindle 14 is moved one step away from itself using an axial displacement lock 16, which feels like a click. Now, rotating the spindle in any direction, key 20 is used to dial the correct code number on the disk 10 and then sequentially on the disks 11 and 12, using the axial displacement lock 16 and the rotation angle indicator 25, as in paragraph 1.1.

With correctly typed code digits, all the grooves 13 of the disks 9, 10, 11, and 12 are aligned in one row upward (Fig. 2), and the protrusion 38 of the locking bolt lock 37 penetrates into the grooves 13 of the disks. The latch 37 under the action of the spring 36 is rotated by a certain angle, releasing the limit stop 7 of the rod 3 of the crossbar. In this case, in the plate flag 40, the hole 41 is shifted down to contact with the surface of the spindle 14, and a crescent-shaped window is formed (Fig. 2 of Fig. 11). The castle is ready to open.

4.2.2. Opening the door with an unlocked lock.

After entering the correct code on the disk 12, the spindle 14, without rotating, is displaced to the right (Fig. 5) until the key 20 contacts the plate flag 40. In this case, the key 20 leaves the figured hole of the disk 12. The spindle continues to be moved away from itself by rotating it counterclock-wise. In this case, the key 20 through the formed crescent-shaped window from the hole 41 enters the figured hole 22 of the extension lever of the crossbar 27 (Fig. 2, 11), which, when the spindle 14 rotates, acts on the finger 32 of the crossbar rod 3. The limit stop 7 freed from blocking does not interfere with the movement of the bolts 3 and 4 of the crossbar to the left, towards the opening direction, until the stop 8 touches the wall of the housing 7. The lock is open (Fig. 3).

5. Locking the unlocked lock on the code for the open door.

In some cases, it is necessary to temporarily lock the unlocked lock in the open door with a code so that such a door can be locked and locked with a combination lock, if you unlock the lock first by entering the correct code (protecting the apartment from unwanted locking with a combination lock).

This locking can be done outside and inside the room when the lock is unlocked and open (Fig. 3).

5.1. From the outside of the room, locking the lock in its open position on the code is carried out by the handle 24 of the spindle 14, which, without rotating, move away from itself, i.e. from right to left (Fig. 5) and remove the key 20 from the figured hole of the extension lever of the crossbar 21. Then, rotating the spindle 14 in any direction, continue to move it away from itself until the key 20 enters the figured holes of the disks 12, 11, 10 and 9, knocking down the correct codes. When the left end of the key 20 touches the housing 1 (Fig. 5), the code lock is locked, because when the disks rotate, the protrusion 38 of the lock lock of the bolt 37 comes out of the grooves 13 of the code disks and rises; therefore, the limit stop 7 of the bolt rod 3 enters the coaxial hole 39 of the latch 37 (Fig. 8), and it is impossible to move the bolt in the direction of closing the door.

5.2. From the inside of the room, unlocking the unlocked lock in its open position on the code is done with the handle 23 of the spindle 14, and all actions with the spindle are a mirror image of the actions according to paragraph 5.1, i.e. all translational movements of the spindle 14 should not be from “on my own” but “on myself”.

6. Unlocking the lock in the open position, locked with a code, with the door open.

To close the door with a lock, locked in the open position of the door to the code according to claim 5, you must first unlock the lock by typing the correct code. This can be done both from the outside and from the inside of the room.

6.1. Unlocking the lock from the outside of the room.

These actions with spindle 14 are fully consistent with paragraph 1.1.

6.2. Unlocking the lock on the inside of the room.

These actions with spindle 14 are fully consistent with clause 4.2.2.

7. Further actions to lock the door with a lock unlocked according to clause 6.1 correspond to clause 2, and according to clause 6.2 correspond to clause 3.2.

The design of the combination lock provides versatility of use, convenient for commissioning and use both outside and inside the room. The forced action of the spindle 14 on the extension lever of the deadbolt 21 is useless because of the flag 40 of the latch 37, which can be moved down and open the spindle key 20 through the crescent-shaped window (Fig. 11) to the extension lever of the deadbolt 21 only in case of correctly typed code. Secret codes of disks cannot be “felt” by devices, since the protrusion 38 of the latch 37 rests simultaneously on the ends of all disks, and the torque from the pressure springs 33 is an order of magnitude greater than the torque from pressing the protrusion 38 on the ends of the disks. The number of recesses 34 corresponds to the number of code variants on each disk according to the permutation formula; for example, with 12 recesses, the number of variants of the lock code is n ₁ = 12 ⁴ = 20736, the prototype with 12 holes in each disk has fewer options: n ₂ = 12 ∗ 11 ∗ 11 ∗ 11 = 15972. The code on the lock can be changed if you open it, remove one or several disks from the spindle, swap them and / or rotate the reverse side and assemble the lock. The design provides a reliable set of the correct code even in a dimly lit place thanks to the indexes 25, the angular and axial clicks of the latches 16 and 34 + 35, which are tangible to the touch without visual observation.

Claims (2)

1. A combination lock comprising a housing, a cover, a bolt made in the form of parallel rods rigidly mounted between each other, a bolt extension lever, a code system consisting of locking disks mounted on a common axis with the possibility of free rotation, and intermediate elements fixed from turns, with holes for the common axis, spring-loaded with code disks in a package, moreover, a groove is made on the rim of each disk, and angular fixation is made for their discrete rotation; the drive of the code system and a spring-loaded locking bolt for locking the bolt, characterized in that a sleeve with a hole coaxial with the axis of the locking discs is rigidly eccentrically mounted on the lock case from the inside of the lock, in which the locking lock of the code system and the axial displacement lock are located; the bolts of the crossbar are rigidly mounted to each other, for example, by connecting screws having restrictive stops, and a finger is mounted on one of the rods; on the common axis belonging to the spindle with reciprocating and rotational movement, the bolt extension lever is freely installed; the spindle is equipped with a key, annular grooves, a radial hole and control knobs at the ends of the spindle, providing a drive for the code system, for which curly holes are made on locking disks that can rotate independently of each other and on the lever of the bolt extension; for interacting with the bolt of the bolt rod on the lever for extending the bolt, a groove is made, and for tightening the locking discs and intermediate elements, at least two spacer springs symmetrically located relative to the axis of rotation are mounted in the bag; intermediate elements are made in the form of plate spacers fixed from rotations on two axes and having holes sufficient for free rotation of the spindle with a key; for angular fixation on the locking disk closest to the bolt extension lever, several recesses are made around the circumference, equal to the number of code variants of each of the disks, and on an adjacent plate spacer there are at least two symmetrically located bulges; the spring-loaded locking bolt of the bolt lock has a hole coaxial with the axis of the limit stop of one of the bolts of the bolt when the lock is open, and is equipped with a plate flag perpendicular to the axis of the spindle and adjacent to the plane of the lever of extension of the bolt, and a hole is made in the plate flag, coaxial with the axis of the spindle with one locking disk locked to a code, the diameter of the flag hole should generally meet the requirements of double inequality:

where D _otv is the diameter of the flag hole, D is the spindle diameter, h is the height of the tongue over the diameter D. 2. The combination lock according to claim 1, characterized in that when installing a round-key key located on its spindle along its axis, the necessary and sufficient radius of the flag hole is determined by the formula

where R _resp - the radius of the hole flag R is the radius of the spindle, r is the radius of the keys, α is the angle of rotation of the bolt extension lever when the bolt moves from closing to opening the lock.

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